Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science went from 183 papers in 2023 to 753 in 2026, roughly 4.1x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science work: 824 papers from 2023 to 2026, 41% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 44 in 2026.
• Among the 10 topics under Application Domains, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Applications · health medicine, is up 61x versus 4.1x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Strongly) Replicable Distribution Testers imply High Probability Distribution Testers
• ICML 2026(Be Cautious!) Bio-Foundation Models Are Not Yet Robust to Biologically Plausible Perturbations and ML Transformations
• ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
• CVPR 2026Globscope Toward a Global View of the Loss Landscape
• NeurIPS 2025$\mu$PC: Scaling Predictive Coding to 100+ Layer Networks
• ICML 2025Can Biologically Plausible Temporal Credit Assignment Rules Match BPTT for Neural Similarity? E-prop as an Example
• ICLR 2025A Computational Framework for Modeling Emergence of Color Vision in the Human Brain
• CVPR 2025Blurred LiDAR for Sharper 3D: Robust Handheld 3D Scanning with Diffuse LiDAR and RGB
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{NeuroPath}$: A Neural Pathway Transformer for Joining the Dots of Human Connectomes
• ICML 2024$\bf{\Phi}_\textrm{Flow}$: Differentiable Simulations for PyTorch, TensorFlow and Jax
• ICLR 2024A Cognitive Model for Learning Abstract Relational Structures from Memory-based Decision-Making Tasks
• CVPR 2024Efficient Detection of Long Consistent Cycles and its Application to Distributed Synchronization
• NeurIPS 2023Adaptive whitening with fast gain modulation and slow synaptic plasticity
• ICML 2023Accuracy on the Curve: On the Nonlinear Correlation of ML Performance Between Data Subpopulations
• ICLR 2023A framework for benchmarking Class-out-of-distribution detection and its application to ImageNet
• CVPR 20233D Line Mapping Revisited
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathrm{Bounded\mbox{-}RS}$: A Bounded Evaluation Protocol and Testbed for Representational Systematicity
• ICML 2026A hitchhiker's guide to Poisson gradient estimation
• ICLR 2026A Brain Graph Foundation Model: Pre-Training and Prompt-Tuning across Broad Atlases and Disorders
• CVPR 2026LASAR Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map

All Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers

2,033 papers, page 10 of 41

451. ICML 2026PFT: Phonon Fine-tuning for Machine Learned Interatomic Potentials
452. ICML 2026Physically-Guided Data-Space Rectified Flow for Precipitation Nowcasting
453. ICML 2026Physics-Informed Residual Flows
454. ICML 2026PinTok: Tokenizers Deserve Dedicated Pinned CPU-Compute and Memory
455. ICML 2026PnP-Corrector: A Universal Correction Framework for Coupled Spatiotemporal Forecasting
456. ICML 2026Positional Encoding for Spiking Transformers
457. ICML 2026Practical Mechanism for Fault-Tolerant Spiking Neural Networks via Simple Input Control Based on Learnable Fragmentation
458. ICML 2026Precision-Induced Miscalibration: Understanding and Correcting Confidence Distortion in Quantized Neural Networks
459. ICML 2026Probabilistic Retrofitting of Learned Simulators
460. ICML 2026Profiling the Irrational Agent: Cognitive Modeling of LLM Behaviors in Sequential Jailbreaks
461. ICML 2026ProMeCD: Unifying Long-Tailed and Noisy Label Learning via White-Box Control
462. ICML 2026Protein Design with Agent Rosetta: A Case Study for Specialized Scientific Agents
463. ICML 2026Protein Language Model Embeddings Improve Generalization of Implicit Transfer Operators
464. ICML 2026Proximal Splitting Methods for Hybrid Differentiable Models
465. ICML 2026Real-World Unsupervised Models Generalize to Predict Brain Responses to Out-of-Distribution Stimuli
466. ICML 2026RECTOR: Masked Region-Channel-Temporal Modeling for Affective and Cognitive Representation Learning
467. ICML 2026Reduction of Probabilistic Chemical Reaction Networks
468. ICML 2026Relative Entropy Estimation in Function Space: Theory and Applications to Trajectory Inference
469. ICML 2026Representational Similarity and Model Behavior in Multi-Agent Interaction
470. ICML 2026Required Spine Optional Limbs: Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Backbone-sharing and Activation-guided Selection
471. ICML 2026Resolving the Timestep Scaling Paradox in Spiking Neural Networks with a Timestep-Scalable Neuron Model
472. ICML 2026Rethink the Role of Neural Decoders in Quantum Error Correction
473. ICML 2026Rethinking Attention in Spiking Transformers: Overcoming Density Bias with Set Similarity
474. ICML 2026Rethinking Time-Series Imputation as Conditional Inference along Temporal Evolution
475. ICML 2026Rex: A Family of Reversible Exponential (Stochastic) Runge-Kutta Solvers
476. ICML 2026ROAMM: A Benchmark Dataset for Multimodal Human Attention Decoding and EEG-to-Text Modeling During Naturalistic Reading
477. ICML 2026SafeSci: Safety Evaluation of Large Language Models in Science Domains and Beyond
478. ICML 2026Scaling Laws of Global Weather Models
479. ICML 2026Scaling Vision Transformers for Functional MRI with Flat Maps
480. ICML 2026SciVideoBench: Benchmarking Scientific Video Reasoning in Large Multimodal Models
481. ICML 2026SEDRAS: Symbolically Evaluated Deep Research And Science
482. ICML 2026See the Emotion: A Facial Emoji Proxy Modeling for EEG Emotion Recognition
483. ICML 2026SEMA: a Scalable and Efficient Mamba like Attention via Token Localization and Averaging
484. ICML 2026SENDAI: A Hierarchical Sparse-measurement, EfficieNt Data AssImilation Framework
485. ICML 2026SI-IGCL: Subject Invariance-aware Inverse Graph Contrastive Learning for Psychiatric Disorder Identification
486. ICML 2026Simple Algorithms for Bad Triangle Transversals with Applications to Correlation Clustering
487. ICML 2026SMM Transformer: Leveraging Spiking Neural Networks for Multimodal Tasks
488. ICML 2026Smooth Dynamic Cutoffs for Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials
489. ICML 2026SmoothSpike: Spiking Transformer with Learnable Hadamard Transformation
490. ICML 2026Spectral-Informed Neural Networks Outperform Spectral methods in High-dimensional PDEs
491. ICML 2026Spik4lite: Refactoring Neuromorphic Sparsity for Efficient Spiking Neural Networks on Commodity Edge Devices
492. ICML 2026Spike-HTR: Spiking Neural Transformer for Handwritten Text Recognition
493. ICML 2026SpikingLM: Towards Fully Spiking Language Model
494. ICML 2026StormInsight: Hierarchical Environmental Forcing and Vertical Coupling for Weather System Evolution
495. ICML 2026Structure Abstraction and Generalization in a Hippocampal-Entorhinal Inspired World Model
496. ICML 2026SVL: Empowering Spiking Neural Networks for Efficient 3D Open-World Understanding
497. ICML 2026Taming Stochastic Gradient Descent: Almost Sure Convergence and Saddle-Point Avoidance under $(L_{0},L_{1})$-Smoothness
498. ICML 2026Teaching Molecular Dynamics to a Non-Autoregressive Ionic Transport Predictor
499. ICML 2026TEFormer: Structured Bidirectional Temporal Enhancement Modeling in Spiking Transformers
500. ICML 2026Temporal Context Reinstatement Drives Episodic-Like Order Memory in Long-Context Language Models

FAQ

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,033 in total: 183 in 2023, 424 in 2024, 673 in 2025, 753 in 2026.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 227 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 342 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 229 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 151 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 263 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 157 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 34 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 23 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers?

NeurIPS, with 824 papers from 2023 to 2026.