AI Agents papers, 2023–2026
Tool-using, multi-step autonomous LLM and VLM agent systems
Scope: NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR, 2023–2026. 3,266 papers are tagged with this topic.
Key findings
- AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
- NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
- The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
- Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.
Papers per venue
Counts by year and venue
| Year | NeurIPS | ICLR | ICML | CVPR | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 76 | 40 | 41 | 13 | 170 |
| 2024 | 150 | 73 | 88 | 18 | 329 |
| 2025 | 362 | 204 | 178 | 40 | 784 |
| 2026 | 729 | 500 | 640 | 114 | 1,983 |
Representative papers
Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up
- NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
- ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
- CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
- NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
- ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
- ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
- CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
- NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
- ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
- ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
- CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
- NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
- ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
- ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
- CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
- NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
- ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
- CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning
All AI Agents papers
3,266 papers, page 57 of 66
- ICLR 2024Designing Skill-Compatible AI: Methodologies and Frameworks in Chess
- ICLR 2024DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into State-of-the-Art Pipelines
- ICLR 2024Efficient Episodic Memory Utilization of Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2024Efficient Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning by Planning
- ICLR 2024Enhancing Human-AI Collaboration Through Logic-Guided Reasoning
- ICLR 2024Evaluating Language Model Agency Through Negotiations
- ICLR 2024Expected flow networks in stochastic environments and two-player zero-sum games
- ICLR 2024GROOT: Learning to Follow Instructions by Watching Gameplay Videos
- ICLR 2024Identifying the Risks of LM Agents with an LM-Emulated Sandbox
- ICLR 2024L2MAC: Large Language Model Automatic Computer for Extensive Code Generation
- ICLR 2024Large Language Models as Tool Makers
- ICLR 2024Learning Decentralized Partially Observable Mean Field Control for Artificial Collective Behavior
- ICLR 2024Learning Mean Field Games on Sparse Graphs: A Hybrid Graphex Approach
- ICLR 2024Learning Multi-Agent Communication from Graph Modeling Perspective
- ICLR 2024Learning Multi-Agent Communication with Contrastive Learning
- ICLR 2024Learning Nash Equilibria in Rank-1 Games
- ICLR 2024Learning Optimal Contracts: How to Exploit Small Action Spaces
- ICLR 2024Learning to Jointly Understand Visual and Tactile Signals
- ICLR 2024Lemur: Harmonizing Natural Language and Code for Language Agents
- ICLR 2024Let Models Speak Ciphers: Multiagent Debate through Embeddings
- ICLR 2024LOQA: Learning with Opponent Q-Learning Awareness
- ICLR 2024LoTa-Bench: Benchmarking Language-oriented Task Planners for Embodied Agents
- ICLR 2024Maximum Entropy Heterogeneous-Agent Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2024MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework
- ICLR 2024MetaTool Benchmark for Large Language Models: Deciding Whether to Use Tools and Which to Use
- ICLR 2024Modeling Boundedly Rational Agents with Latent Inference Budgets
- ICLR 2024Neural Neighborhood Search for Multi-agent Path Finding
- ICLR 2024On the Hardness of Constrained Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2024Online Continual Learning for Interactive Instruction Following Agents
- ICLR 2024PB-LLM: Partially Binarized Large Language Models
- ICLR 2024Provable Memory Efficient Self-Play Algorithm for Model-free Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2024Rethinking Adversarial Policies: A Generalized Attack Formulation and Provable Defense in RL
- ICLR 2024Retroformer: Retrospective Large Language Agents with Policy Gradient Optimization
- ICLR 2024REValueD: Regularised Ensemble Value-Decomposition for Factorisable Markov Decision Processes
- ICLR 2024Reward Design for Justifiable Sequential Decision-Making
- ICLR 2024Sample-Efficient Multi-Agent RL: An Optimization Perspective
- ICLR 2024Select to Perfect: Imitating desired behavior from large multi-agent data
- ICLR 2024SKILL-MIX: a Flexible and Expandable Family of Evaluations for AI Models
- ICLR 2024SmartPlay : A Benchmark for LLMs as Intelligent Agents
- ICLR 2024SocioDojo: Building Lifelong Analytical Agents with Real-world Text and Time Series
- ICLR 2024Solving Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cooperative Tasks with Greedy Sequential Execution
- ICLR 2024SOTOPIA: Interactive Evaluation for Social Intelligence in Language Agents
- ICLR 2024Steve-Eye: Equipping LLM-based Embodied Agents with Visual Perception in Open Worlds
- ICLR 2024Synapse: Trajectory-as-Exemplar Prompting with Memory for Computer Control
- ICLR 2024The LLM Surgeon
- ICLR 2024Think-on-Graph: Deep and Responsible Reasoning of Large Language Model on Knowledge Graph
- ICLR 2024THOUGHT PROPAGATION: AN ANALOGICAL APPROACH TO COMPLEX REASONING WITH LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS
- ICLR 2024ToolChain*: Efficient Action Space Navigation in Large Language Models with A* Search
- ICLR 2024ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs
- ICLR 2024ToRA: A Tool-Integrated Reasoning Agent for Mathematical Problem Solving
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FAQ
- How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?
- 3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.
- How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?
- NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?
- ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?
- ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?
- CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.
- Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?
- NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.