AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

3,266 papers, page 58 of 66

2851. ICLR 2024Towards Robust Multi-Modal Reasoning via Model Selection
2852. ICLR 2024Trajeglish: Traffic Modeling as Next-Token Prediction
2853. ICLR 2024Tree-Planner: Efficient Close-loop Task Planning with Large Language Models
2854. ICLR 2024Tuning LayerNorm in Attention: Towards Efficient Multi-Modal LLM Finetuning
2855. ICLR 2024Two-stage LLM Fine-tuning with Less Specialization and More Generalization
2856. ICLR 2024Variance Reduced Halpern Iteration for Finite-Sum Monotone Inclusions
2857. ICLR 2024WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agents
2858. ICLR 2024Whittle Index with Multiple Actions and State Constraint for Inventory Management
2859. ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2860. ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
2861. ICML 2024Advancing DRL Agents in Commercial Fighting Games: Training, Integration, and Agent-Human Alignment
2862. ICML 2024Agent Smith: A Single Image Can Jailbreak One Million Multimodal LLM Agents Exponentially Fast
2863. ICML 2024Agent-Specific Effects: A Causal Effect Propagation Analysis in Multi-Agent MDPs
2864. ICML 2024AnyTool: Self-Reflective, Hierarchical Agents for Large-Scale API Calls
2865. ICML 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL
2866. ICML 2024Asymptotics of feature learning in two-layer networks after one gradient-step
2867. ICML 2024BAGEL: Bootstrapping Agents by Guiding Exploration with Language
2868. ICML 2024Break the Sequential Dependency of LLM Inference Using Lookahead Decoding
2869. ICML 2024Can Looped Transformers Learn to Implement Multi-step Gradient Descent for In-context Learning?
2870. ICML 2024CHAI: Clustered Head Attention for Efficient LLM Inference
2871. ICML 2024Characterizing Truthfulness in Large Language Model Generations with Local Intrinsic Dimension
2872. ICML 2024Collage: Light-Weight Low-Precision Strategy for LLM Training
2873. ICML 2024CompeteAI: Understanding the Competition Dynamics of Large Language Model-based Agents
2874. ICML 2024Configurable Mirror Descent: Towards a Unification of Decision Making
2875. ICML 2024Controlling Behavioral Diversity in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2876. ICML 2024Detecting Influence Structures in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2877. ICML 2024diff History for Neural Language Agents
2878. ICML 2024Disentanglement Learning via Topology
2879. ICML 2024Double-Step Alternating Extragradient with Increasing Timescale Separation for Finding Local Minimax Points: Provable Improvements
2880. ICML 2024DS-Agent: Automated Data Science by Empowering Large Language Models with Case-Based Reasoning
2881. ICML 2024Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models by Meta Probing Agents
2882. ICML 2024EE-LLM: Large-Scale Training and Inference of Early-Exit Large Language Models with 3D Parallelism
2883. ICML 2024Efficient Adaptation in Mixed-Motive Environments via Hierarchical Opponent Modeling and Planning
2884. ICML 2024Efficient PAC Learnability of Dynamical Systems Over Multilayer Networks
2885. ICML 2024Embodied CoT Distillation From LLM To Off-the-shelf Agents
2886. ICML 2024Eureka-Moments in Transformers: Multi-Step Tasks Reveal Softmax Induced Optimization Problems
2887. ICML 2024Executable Code Actions Elicit Better LLM Agents
2888. ICML 2024Fair Federated Learning via the Proportional Veto Core
2889. ICML 2024Fast Peer Adaptation with Context-aware Exploration
2890. ICML 2024Federated Combinatorial Multi-Agent Multi-Armed Bandits
2891. ICML 2024Feedback Loops With Language Models Drive In-Context Reward Hacking
2892. ICML 2024FightLadder: A Benchmark for Competitive Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2893. ICML 2024From Words to Actions: Unveiling the Theoretical Underpinnings of LLM-Driven Autonomous Systems
2894. ICML 2024Generalized Smooth Variational Inequalities: Methods with Adaptive Stepsizes
2895. ICML 2024GLoRe: When, Where, and How to Improve LLM Reasoning via Global and Local Refinements
2896. ICML 2024GPT-4V(ision) is a Generalist Web Agent, if Grounded
2897. ICML 2024GPTSwarm: Language Agents as Optimizable Graphs
2898. ICML 2024HGAP: Boosting Permutation Invariant and Permutation Equivariant in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning via Graph Attention Network
2899. ICML 2024How Well Can LLMs Negotiate? NegotiationArena Platform and Analysis
2900. ICML 2024Impact of Decentralized Learning on Player Utilities in Stackelberg Games

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.