CVPR 2026 论文列表

Generating multi-frame, action-rich visual narratives without fine-tuning faces a threefold tension: action text faithfulness, subject identity fidelity, and cross frame background continuity. We propose StoryTailor, a zero-shot pipeline that runs on a single RTX 4090 (24 GB) and produces temporally coherent, identity-preserving image sequences from a long narrative prompt, per subject references, and grounding boxes. Three synergistic modules drive the system: Gaussian-Centered Attention (GCA) to dynamically focus on each subject core and ease grounding-box overlaps; Action-Boost Singular Value Reweighting (AB-SVR) to amplify action-related directions in the text embedding space; and Selective Forgetting Cache (SFC) that retains transferable background cues, forgets nonessential history, and selectively surfaces the retained cues to build cross scene semantic ties. Compared with baseline methods, the experiments show that CLIP-T improves by up to 10-15%, with DreamSim lower than strong baselines, while CLIP-I stays in a visually acceptable, competitive range. With a matched resolution and steps on a 24 GB GPU, inference is faster than FluxKontext. Qualitatively, StoryTailor delivers expressive interactions and evolving yet stable scenes.

Video diffusion models have rich world priors, but their use in spatial tasks is limited by poor control, spatial-temporal inconsistent results, and entangled scene-camera dynamics. Current approaches, such as per-task fine-tuning or post-process warping, often introduce visual artifacts, fail to generalize, or incur high computational costs. We introduce WorldForge, a novel, training-free framework that operates purely at inference time to resolve these issues. Our method comprises three synergistic components. First, an intra-step refinement loop injects fine-grained motion guidance during the denoising process, iteratively correcting the output to ensure strict adherence to the target camera path. Second, an optical flow-based analysis identifies and isolates motion-related channels within the latent space. This allows our framework to selectively apply guidance, thereby decoupling motion from appearance and preserving visual fidelity. Third, a dual-path guidance strategy adaptively corrects for drift by comparing the guided generation against an unguided, reference denoising path, effectively neutralizing artifacts caused by misaligned structural inputs. Together, these components inject precise, trajectory-aligned control without model retraining, achieving accurate motion guidance and photorealistic synthesis. As a plug-and-play, model-agnostic solution, WorldForge demonstrates highly versatile generalizability. Beyond robust zero-shot 3D/4D generation, it readily empowers over a dozen diverse downstream applications, seamlessly enabling tasks like video editing, stabilization, and virtual try-on. Extensive experiments confirm state-of-the-art performance in trajectory adherence and perceptual quality, outperforming both training-dependent and inference-only baselines.

Understanding the geometric and semantic structure of environments is essential for embodied agents. Existing semantic mapping methods trade off between explicit geometry and multi-scale semantics,and lack a native interface for large models, thus requiring additional training of feature projection for semantic alignment. To this end, we propose the multi-scale Gaussian-Language Map (GLMap), which introduces three key designs: (1) explicit geometry, (2) multi-scale semantics covering both instance and region level concepts, and (3) a dual-modality interface where each semantic unit jointly stores a natural language description and a 3D Gaussian representation. The 3D Gaussians enable compact storage and fast rendering of task-relevant images via Gaussian splatting. To enable efficient incremental construction, we further propose a Gaussian Estimator that analytically derives Gaussian parameters from dense point clouds without gradient-based optimization. Experiments on ObjectNav, InstNav, and SQA tasks show that GLMap effectively enhances target localization and contextual reasoning, while remaining compatible with large-model-based methods in a zero-shot manner.

Current zero-shot camouflaged object segmentation methods typically employ a two-stage pipeline (discover-then-segment): using MLLMs to obtain visual prompts, followed by SAM segmentation. However, relying solely on MLLMs for camouflaged object discovery often leads to inaccurate localization, false positives, and missed detections. To address these issues, we propose the Discover-Segment-Select (DSS) mechanism, a three-stage framework that progressively refines the segmentation process. The proposed method contains a Feature-driven Object Discovery (FOD) module that leverages visual features to generate diverse object proposals, a segmentation module that refines these proposals through SAM segmentation, and a Semantic-driven Mask Selection (SMS) module that employs MLLMs to evaluate and select the optimal segmentation mask from multiple candidates. Extensive experiments on four benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance with lower GPU memory consumption. Code will be released at https://github.com/ynulonger/DSS.git.

Training-free neural architecture search promises efficient discovery of high-performance networks without costly training. However, existing zero-cost proxies rely on fragmented heuristics that fail to capture the fundamental question: what makes an architecture trainable? This paper introduces Intrinsic Trainability (InTrain), a unified theoretical proxy that formalizes trainability as an architectural invariant emerging from two synergistic components: geometric capacity and optimization resilience. We operationalize intrinsic trainability through analysis of neural information processing. Geometric capacity is quantified via the participation ratio of activation covariance eigenspectrum, capturing the effective dimensionality of representation manifolds. Optimization resilience is measured through cumulative gradient health, assessing the robustness of backpropagation across network depth. InTrain synthesizes these dimensions through a scale-invariant multiplicative coupling, which we validate is essential for capturing their synergistic, non-additive relationship. Extensive experiments on standard NAS benchmarks and search spaces demonstrate that InTrain achieves ranking correlations on par with state-of-the-art ensemble-based proxies and outperforms other single-metric methods.

The collection and detection of video anomaly data has long been a challenging problem due to its rare occurrence and spatio-temporal scarcity. Existing video anomaly detection (VAD) methods under perform in open-world scenarios. Key contributing factors include limited dataset diversity, and inadequate understanding of context-dependent anomalous semantics. To address these issues, i) we propose LAVIDA, an end-to-end zero-shot video anomaly detection framework. ii) LAVIDA employs an Anomaly Exposure Sampler that transforms segmented objects into pseudo-anomalies to enhance model adaptability to unseen anomaly categories. It further integrates a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) to bolster semantic comprehension capabilities. Additionally, iii) we design a token compression approach based on reverse attention to handle the spatio-temporal scarcity of anomalous patterns and decrease computational cost. The training process is conducted solely on pseudo anomalies without any VAD data. Evaluations across four benchmark VAD datasets demonstrate that LAVIDA achieves SOTA performance in both frame-level and pixel-level anomaly detection under the zero-shot setting. Our code is available in https://github.com/VitaminCreed/LAVIDA.

CLIP models learn transferable multi-modal features via image-text contrastive learning on internet-scale data. They are widely used in zero-shot classification, multi-modal retrieval, text-to-image diffusion, and as image encoders in large vision-language models. However, CLIP's pretraining is dominated by images paired with short captions, biasing the model toward encoding simple descriptions of salient objects and leading to coarse alignment on complex scenes and dense descriptions. While recent work mitigates this by fine-tuning on small-scale long-caption datasets, we identify an important common bias: both human- and LLM-generated long captions typically begin with a one-sentence summary followed by a detailed description. We show that this acts as a shortcut during training, concentrating attention on the opening sentence and early tokens and weakening alignment over the rest of the caption. To resolve this, we introduce DeBias-CLIP, which removes the summary sentence during training and applies sentence sub-sampling and text token padding to distribute supervision across all token positions. DeBias-CLIP achieves state-of-the-art long-text retrieval, improves short-text retrieval, and is less sensitive to sentence order permutations. It is a drop-in replacement for Long-CLIP with no additional trainable parameters.

Defect synthesis, as a core technology for addressing the problem of few-shot defect classification, has been widely adopted in industrial scenarios. It helps alleviate the problem of insufficient model generalization capability owing to data scarcity by establishing a data augmentation pipeline. Recently, remarkable progress has been achieved in both explicit defect image generation and implicit defect feature synthesis approaches. However, existing methods are always conducted in Euclidean space. Constrained by the flatness of Euclidean space, it is difficult to synthesize defect data containing complex structures. In this paper, we attempt to explore defect generation in hyperbolic space and propose a hyperbolic defect feature synthesis (HypDFS) method. By modeling the potential defect distribution via a small number of hyperbolic defect prototypes and further optimizing the synthetic defect features with the hierarchical defect contrastive loss in hyperbolic space, our HypDFS method can obtain a better generalized defect representation that is more conducive to downstream few-shot defect classification task. Extensive experiments on the MVTec-FS benchmark and standard MTD dataset under the few-shot settings demonstrate that the proposed HypDFS surpasses the Euclidean baseline by a large margin, showing promising prospects for defect synthesis in hyperbolic space.

Zero-Shot Temporal Action Localization (ZS-TAL) aims to classify and localize actions in untrimmed videos that are unseen during training. Existing training-based ZS-TAL methods typically rely on fine-tuning models on large-scale annotated training data. This can be impractical in real-world applications and damage its generalization. As a result, Training-Free ZS-TAL has gained attention, which directly leveraging Vision-Language Models (VLM) enables action localization without any additional training. However, current techniques perform test-time adaptation independently on each video, neglecting the potential benefit of accumulating knowledge from historical test videos. To address this, we propose a learnable lookup table (LLT) framework. During testing, we continuously update lookup table by incorporating high-confidence, diverse lookup candidates to construct action-positive lookup item. Additionally, we introduce a learnable residual module to adapt the corresponding lookup item to the current video context features. Finally, we employ refined activation scores to select accurate video frames and further adjust the text prototypes. This simple yet effective text-visual collaboration enables training-free ZS-TAL to harness historical videos. Extensive experiments show our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art zero-shot VLM baselines, validating the effectiveness of our framework.

Zero-shot 3D Anomaly Detection (ZS3DAD) is an emerging task that aims to detect anomalies in a target dataset without any target training data, which is particularly important in scenarios constrained by sample scarcity and data privacy concerns. While current methods adapt CLIP by projecting 3D point clouds into 2D representations, they face challenges. The projection inherently loses some geometric details, and the reliance on a single 2D modality provides an incomplete visual understanding, limiting their ability to detect diverse anomaly types. To address these limitations, we propose the Geometry-Aware Prompt and Synergistic View Representation Learning (GS-CLIP) framework, which enables the model to identify geometric anomalies through a two-stage learning process. In the stage 1, we dynamically generate text prompts embedded with 3D geometric priors. These prompts contain global shape context and local defect information distilled by our Geometric Defect Distillation Module (GDDM). In the stage 2, we introduce Synergistic View Representation Learning architecture that processes rendered and depth images in parallel. A Synergistic Refinement Module (SRM) subsequently fuses the features of both streams, capitalizing on their complementary strengths. Comprehensive experimental results on four large-scale public datasets show that GS-CLIP achieves superior performance in detection and segmentation. Code will be released upon acceptance.

Cross-domain few-shot image interpretation (CD-FSII) has been significantly advanced by fine-tuning pre-trained visual feature models using limited labeled samples in target domains. However, profound cross-domain distribution discrepancies, along with inherent conflicts between extensive object visual appearance variations and limited annotations, trap those existing pure visual feature representations into some non-transferable short-cut patterns, thus degrading their cross-domain generalization capacity. To mitigate this problem, we present a simple yet effective cross-modal visual feature enhancement framework which primarily contributes in the following three aspects. 1) We make the first attempt to introduce linguistic descriptions of image attributes to regulate the pre-trained visual feature model for specific target image adaptation. Specifically, image-level attributes (e.g., object appearance in individual images) and domain-level attributes (e.g., overall style and background characteristics of the dataset) are extracted using a pre-trained image captioning model and a large language model (LLM), respectively, to construct comprehensive linguistic characterizations. 2) A lightweight residual cross-attention scheme is developed to seamlessly embed linguistic descriptions of image attributes into visual feature representations, thereby compensating for the limitations of purely visual cues in capturing cross-domain transferable high-level semantic characteristics. 3) The proposed framework is task-agnostic and can be seamlessly integrated with off-the-shelf pre-trained visual feature models. It demonstrates superior generalization performance compared to several state-of-the-art methods across multiple CD-FSII benchmarks, including image classification, semantic segmentation, and object detection. We will release all code and data to facilitate further research.

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) requires detecting and localizing anomalies without access to target-class anomaly samples. Mainstream methods rely on vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP: they build hand-crafted or learned prompt sets for normal and abnormal semantics, then compute image-text similarities for open-set discrimination. While effective, this paradigm depends on a text encoder and cross-modal alignment, which can lead to training instability and parameter redundancy. This work revisits the necessity of the text branch in ZSAD and presents VisualAD, a purely visual framework built on Vision Transformers. We introduce two learnable tokens within a frozen backbone to directly encode normality and abnormality. Through multi-layer self-attention, these tokens interact with patch tokens, gradually acquiring high-level notions of normality and anomaly while guiding patches to highlight anomaly-related cues. Additionally, we incorporate a Spatial-Aware Cross-Attention (SCA) module and a lightweight Self-Alignment Function (SAF): SCA injects fine-grained spatial information into the tokens, and SAF recalibrates patch features before anomaly scoring. VisualAD achieves state-of-the-art performance on 13 zero-shot anomaly detection benchmarks spanning industrial and medical domains, and adapts seamlessly to pretrained vision backbones such as the CLIP image encoder and DINOv2. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/7HHHHH/VisualAD.

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot generalization but remain vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Existing classification-guided adversarial fine-tuning methods often disrupt pre-trained cross-modal alignment, weakening visual-textual correspondence and degrading zero-shot performance. In this paper, we propose an Alignment-Guided Fine-Tuning (AGFT) framework that enhances zero-shot adversarial robustness while preserving the cross-modal semantic structure. Unlike label-based methods that rely on hard labels and fail to maintain the relative relationships between image and text, AGFT leverages the probabilistic predictions of the original model for text-guided adversarial training, which aligns adversarial visual features with textual embeddings via soft alignment distributions, improving zero-shot adversarial robustness. To address structural discrepancies introduced by fine-tuning, we introduce a distribution consistency calibration mechanism that adjusts the robust model's output to match a temperature-scaled version of the pre-trained model's predictions. Extensive experiments across multiple zero-shot benchmarks demonstrate that AGFT outperforms state-of-the-art methods while significantly improving zero-shot adversarial robustness. Code is available at https://github.com/YuboCui/AGFT.

Zero-shot (ZS) 3D anomaly detection is crucial for reliable industrial inspection, as it enables detecting and localizing defects without requiring any target-category training data. Existing approaches render 3D point clouds into 2D images and leverage pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for anomaly detection. However, such strategies inevitably discard geometric details and exhibit limited sensitivity to local anomalies. In this paper, we revisit intrinsic 3D representations and explore the potential of pre-trained Point-Language Models (PLMs) for ZS 3D anomaly detection. We propose BTP (Back To Point), a novel framework that effectively aligns 3D point cloud and textual embeddings. Specifically, BTP aligns multi-granularity patch features with textual representations for localized anomaly detection, while incorporating geometric descriptors to enhance sensitivity to structural anomalies. Furthermore, we introduce a joint representation learning strategy that leverages auxiliary point cloud data to improve robustness and enrich anomaly semantics. Extensive experiments on Real3D-AD and Anomaly-ShapeNet demonstrate that BTP achieves superior performance in ZS 3D anomaly detection.

Recent research suggested that the embeddings produced by CLIP-like contrastive language-image training are suboptimal for image-only tasks. The main theory is that the inter-modal (language-image) alignment loss ignores intra-modal (image-image) alignment, leading to poorly calibrated distances between images. In this study, we question this intra-modal misalignment hypothesis. We reexamine its foundational theoretical argument, the indicators used to support it, and the performance metrics affected. For the theoretical argument, we demonstrate that there are no such supposed degrees of freedom for image embedding distances. For the empirical measures, our findings reveal they yield similar results for language-image trained models (CLIP, SigLIP) and image-image trained models (DINO, SigLIP2). This indicates the observed phenomena do not stem from a misalignment specific to the former. Experiments on the commonly studied intra-modal tasks retrieval and few-shot classification confirm that addressing supposed misalignment is unnecessary for best performance.

The vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) has been preliminarily verified. Existing black-box adversarial attacks usually require multi-round interaction with the model and consume numerous queries, which is impractical in the real-world and hard to scale to recently emerged Video-LLMs. Moreover, no attack in the video domain directly leverages feature maps to shift the clean-video feature space. We therefore propose FeatureFool, a stealthy, video-domain, zero-query black-box attack that utilizes information extracted from a DNN to alter the feature space of clean videos. Unlike query-based methods that rely on iterative interaction, FeatureFool performs a zero-query attack by directly exploiting DNN-extracted information. This efficient approach is unprecedented in the video domain. Experiments show that FeatureFool achieves an attack success rate above 70% against traditional video classifiers without any queries. Benefiting from the transferability of the feature map, it can also craft harmful content and bypass Video-LLM recognition. Additionally, adversarial videos generated by FeatureFool exhibit high quality in terms of SSIM, PSNR, and Temporal-Inconsistency, making the attack barely perceptible. This paper may contain violent or explicit content.

Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) are the safety-critical backbone of modern maritime navigation, yet it remains unclear whether multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can reliably interpret them. Unlike natural images or conventional charts, ENCs encode regulations, bathymetry, and route constraints via standardized vector symbols, scale-dependent rendering, and precise geometric structure---requiring specialized maritime expertise for interpretation. We introduce ENC-Bench, the first benchmark dedicated to professional ENC understanding. ENC-Bench contains 20,490 expert-validated samples from 840 authentic National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ENCs, organized into a three-level hierarchy: Perception (symbol and feature recognition), Spatial Reasoning (coordinate localization, bearing, distance), and Maritime Decision-Making (route legality, safety assessment, emergency planning under multiple constraints). All samples are generated from raw S-57 data through a calibrated vector-to-image pipeline with automated consistency checks and expert review. We evaluate 10 state-of-the-art MLLMs such as GPT-4o, Gemini 2.5, Qwen3-VL, InternVL-3, and GLM-4.5V, under a unified zero-shot protocol. The best model achieves only 47.88% accuracy, with systematic challenges in symbolic grounding, spatial computation, multi-constraint reasoning, and robustness to lighting and scale variations. By establishing the first rigorous ENC benchmark, we open a new research frontier at the intersection of specialized symbolic reasoning and safety-critical AI, providing essential infrastructure for advancing MLLMs toward professional maritime applications.

Zero-Shot 3D Visual Grounding (Zero-Shot 3DVG) aims to localize target objects in 3D scenes from natural language descriptions without relying on instance-wise description annotations. Existing methods rely on extra 2D images during inference and/or require multi-turn interactions with large language models (LLMs) or vision-language models (VLMs), which increase latency, computational cost, and deployment complexity. To overcome these limitations, we propose Unaided Zero-shot 3D Visual Grounding with generated language conditions (UZ3DVG), which is fed with 3D point clouds and textual descriptions only during inference and does not depend on external models. This is a new training paradigm: a VLM is employed solely to produce object-wise descriptions (pseudo labels) and reasoning chains for training a lightweight 3DVG model with robust spatial reasoning. Specifically, the introduced Open-Vocabulary Multi-Source Spatial Annotation and Reasoning Chain Generator processes RGB-D images or 3D-projected 2D images from open-world scenes to generate spatial pseudo-labels and reasoning chains for training. Then, we propose Reasoning Chain Distillation, which transfers reasoning knowledge extracted by a large teacher network to a lightweight student network. To represent both global and local geometric relationships, the Geometry-Aware Spatial Modeling (GeoSM) module is introduced to align textual reasoning with 3D spatial structures. Experiments show that UZ3DVG achieves SOTA zero-shot performance on ScanRefer and NR3D, with inference speeds up to 7.69 \mathrm FPS , approximately 38 times faster than SOTA methods. The code is available at https://github.com/tanwb/UZ3DVG.

Deep neural networks have achieved strong performance in fundus image classification, yet their flattened feature representations are often highly redundant. Such redundancy can lead to poor generalization across imaging devices, reduced interpretability, and inefficient use of model capacity. To address this issue, this study proposes a post-training feature pruning framework, termed greedy feature pruning (GFP) , which removes weak or redundant dimensions from the flattened features of trained backbones. GFP employs a greedy build-up process guided by performance metrics on the training set, constrained by a minimum feature keeping ratio, to identify compact yet discriminative subsets of features. Experiments are conducted on five public fundus datasets covering multiple tasks, including diabetic retinopathy detection (DDR, Messidor-2), glaucoma detection (PAPILA), multi-label classification (ODIR) and multi-class retinal disease classification (RETINA), using EfficientNetV2, ViT, and CoAtNet as backbones. Results show that GFP consistently improves AUROC and AUPRC across datasets while reducing the number of flattened features by up to 96%. Feature visualizations and quantitative analyses confirm that GFP enhances the compactness and separability of latent features. Moreover, cross-dataset evaluation demonstrates that GFP improves transferability between datasets, indicating better domain robustness. Overall, the proposed GFP framework provides a simple yet effective approach for compressing feature representations and improving both discriminability and generalization in fundus image classification.