CVPR 2026 论文列表

Existing online video segmentation models typically combine a per-frame segmenter with complex specialized tracking modules. While effective, these modules introduce significant architectural complexity and computational overhead. Recent studies suggest that plain Vision Transformer (ViT) encoders, when scaled with sufficient capacity and large-scale pre-training, can conduct accurate image segmentation without requiring specialized modules. Motivated by this observation, we propose the Video Encoder-only Mask Transformer (VidEoMT), a simple encoder-only video segmentation model that eliminates the need for dedicated tracking modules. To enable temporal modeling in an encoder-only ViT, VidEoMT introduces a lightweight query propagation mechanism that carries information across frames by reusing queries from the previous frame. To balance this with adaptability to new content, it employs a query fusion strategy that combines the propagated queries with a set of temporally-agnostic learned queries. As a result, VidEoMT attains the benefits of a tracker without added complexity, achieving competitive accuracy while being 5x-10x faster, running at up to 160 FPS with a ViT-L backbone. Code: \href https://www.tue-mps.org/videomt/ https://www.tue-mps.org/videomt/ .

Modern cameras, such as smartphone cameras and DSLRs, are equipped with gyro sensors that measure motion of the camera. While the motion information is valuable for deblurring, gyro-based deblurring has not been widely studied, particularly for video. A few gyro-based video deblurring methods have been proposed, but they exhibit inherent limitations. First, gyro sensors capture only rotational motion, leading these methods to ignore translational motion. Second, their dependence on simplified blur models and deconvolution-based solutions restricts overall performance. To address these limitations, we introduce GyroDVD, the first learning-based framework for gyro-based video deblurring. We propose a novel blur kernel construction scheme that jointly accounts for rotational and translational motion. A video deblurring network then restores sharp videos by exploiting the constructed kernels together with the video frames. For training and evaluation, we introduce the GyroVD dataset, a large-scale and realistic dataset specifically designed for gyro-based deblurring. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms prior gyro-based image and video deblurring methods.

Unified multimodal models that couple visual understanding with image generation have advanced rapidly, yet most systems still focus on visual grounding--aligning language with image regions--while their generative counterpart, linguistic-embedded layout-grounded generation(LELG) for layout-controllable multi-instance generation, remains underexplored and limits precise compositional control. We present ConsistCompose, a unified multimodal framework that embeds layout coordinates directly into language prompts, enabling layout-controlled multi-instance image generation from Interleaved Image-Text within a single generative interface. We further construct ConsistCompose3M, a 3.4M multi-instance generation dataset with layout and identity annotations (2.6M text-guided and 0.8M image-guided data pairs) that provides large-scale supervision for layout-conditioned generation. Within this framework, LELG is instantiated through instance-coordinate binding prompts and coordinate-aware classifier-free guidance, which translate linguistic layout cues into precise spatial control without task-specific branches. Experiments on COCO-Position and MS-Bench show that ConsistCompose substantially improves spatial accuracy over layout-controlled baselines while preserving identity fidelity and competitive general multimodal understanding, establishing a unified paradigm for layout-controllable multimodal image generation.

Event cameras, with their high dynamic range, show great promise for Low-light Image Enhancement (LLIE). Existing works primarily focus on designing effective modal fusion strategies. However, a key challenge is the dual degradation from intrinsic background activity (BA) noise in events and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in images, which causes severe noise coupling during modal fusion, creating a critical performance bottleneck. We therefore posit that precise event denoising is the prerequisite to unlocking the full potential of event-based fusion. To this end, we propose BiEvLight, a hierarchical and task-aware framework that collaboratively optimizes enhancement and denoising by exploiting their intrinsic interdependence. Specifically, BiEvLight exploits the strong gradient correlation between images and events to build a gradient-guided event denoising prior that alleviates insufficient denoising in heavily noisy regions. Moreover, instead of treating event denoising as a static pre-processing stage--which inevitably incurs a trade-off between over- and under-denoising and cannot adapt to the requirements of a specific enhancement objective--we recast it as a bilevel optimization problem constrained by the enhancement task. Through cross-task interaction, the upper-level denoising problem learns event representations tailored to the lower-level enhancement objective, thereby substantially improving overall enhancement quality. Extensive experiments on the Real-world noise Dataset SED demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches, with average improvements of 1.30dB in PSNR , 2.03dB in PSNR* and 0.047 in SSIM, respectively. The code will be publicly available at https://github.com/iijjlk/BiEvlight.

We consider the problem of identifying degenerate configurations while estimating the fundamental matrix from (at least) 8 point correspondences. It is known that such configurations correspond to an ill-posed estimation of the fundamental matrix, so it is important to identify them in practice. So far, a practical degeneracy test is only available for the cases of planar scenes and pure rotation, while the case of the general critical surface (e.g., a hyperboloid/cone/cylinder containing 3D points and camera centres) is less studied, and the only available method is highly unstable, involving a pre-computed fundamental matrix. In this paper, we propose a novel degeneracy test for detecting points on the critical surface. By exploiting the geometry of the so-called "homaloidal net of conics", we are able to design a simple and very practical test that requires the linear estimation of a quadratic transformation from image correspondences. Our test does not require a fundamental matrix in advance and turns out to be more stable than its closest competitor, as shown in our experiments on both synthetic and real-world degenerate configurations.

Color affects how we interpret image style and emotion. Previous color grading methods rely on patch-wise recoloring or fixed filter banks, struggling to generalize across creative intents or align with human aesthetic preferences. In this study, we propose **AceTone**, the first approach that supports multimodal conditioned color grading within a unified framework. AceTone formulates grading as a generative color transformation task, where a model directly produces 3D-LUTs conditioned on text prompts or reference images. We develop a VQ-VAE-based tokenizer which compresses a 3x32^3 LUT vector to 64 discrete tokens with \Delta \text E <2 fidelity. We further build a large-scale dataset, AceTone-800K, and train a vision-language model to predict LUT tokens, followed by reinforcement learning to align outputs with perceptual fidelity and aesthetics. Experiments show that AceTone achieves state-of-the-art performance on both text-guided and reference-guided grading tasks, improving LPIPS by up to **50%** over existing methods. Human evaluations confirm that AceTone's results are visually pleasing and stylistically coherent, demonstrating a new pathway toward language-driven, aesthetic-aligned color grading. Project Page: github.com/martian422/AceTone.

Recent vision-language models (VLMs) achieve remarkable reasoning through reinforcement learning (RL), which provides a feasible solution for realizing continuous self-evolving large vision-language models (LVLMs) in the era of experience. However, RL for VLMs requires abundant high-quality multimodal data--especially challenging in specialized domains like chemistry, earth sciences, and multimodal mathematics. Existing strategies such as synthetic data and self-rewarding mechanisms suffer from limited distributions and alignment difficulties, ultimately causing reward hacking: models exploit high-reward patterns, collapsing policy entropy and destabilizing training. We propose DoGe (Decouple to Generalize), a dual-decoupling framework that guides models to first learn from context rather than problem solving by refocusing on the problem context scenarios overlooked by synthetic data methods. By decoupling learning process into dual components (Thinker and Solver), we reasonably quantify the reward signals of this process and propose a two-stage RL post-training approach from freely exploring context to practically solving tasks. Second, to increase the diversity of training data, DoGe constructs an evolving curriculum learning pipeline: an expanded native domain knowledge corpus and an iteratively evolving seed problems pool. Experiments show that our method consistently outperforms the baseline across various benchmarks, providing a scalable pathway for realizing self-evolving LVLMs.

We propose a multimodal-driven framework for high-fidelity long-term digital human animation termed Soul, which generates semantically coherent videos from a single-frame portrait image, text prompts, and audio, achieving precise lip synchronization, vivid facial expressions, and robust identity preservation. We construct Soul-1M, containing 1 million finely annotated samples with a precise automated annotation pipeline (covering portrait, upper-body, full-body, and multi-person scenes) to mitigate data scarcity, and we carefully curate Soul-Bench for comprehensive and fair evaluation of audio-/text-guided animation methods. The model is built on the Wan2.2-5B backbone, integrating audio-injection layers and multiple training strategies together with threshold-aware codebook replacement to ensure long-term generation consistency. Meanwhile, step/CFG distillation and a lightweight VAE are used to optimize inference efficiency, achieving an 11.4xspeedup with negligible quality loss. Extensive experiments show that Soul significantly outperforms current leading open-source and commercial models on video quality, video-text alignment, identity preservation, and lip-synchronization accuracy, demonstrating broad applicability in real-world scenarios such as virtual anchors and film production.

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) are strong zero-shot recognizers for medical imaging, but their reliability under domain shift hinges on calibrated uncertainty with guarantees. Split conformal prediction (SCP) offers finite-sample coverage, yet prediction sets often become large (low efficiency) and class-wise coverage unbalanced--high class-conditioned coverage gap (CCV), especially in few-shot, imbalanced regimes; moreover, naively adapting to calibration labels breaks exchangeability and voids guarantees. We propose LATA (Laplacian-Assisted Transductive Adaptation), a training- and label-free refinement that operates on the joint calibration and test pool by smoothing zero-shot probabilities over an image-image kNN graph using a small number of CCCP mean-field updates, preserving SCP validity via a deterministic transform. We further introduce a failure-aware conformal score that plugs into the vision-language uncertainty (ViLU) framework, providing instance-level difficulty and label plausibility to improve prediction set efficiency and class-wise balance at fixed coverage. LATA is black-box (no VLM updates), compute-light (windowed transduction, no backprop), and includes an optional prior knob that can run strictly label-free or, if desired, in a label-informed variant using calibration marginals once. Across three medical VLMs and nine downstream tasks, LATA consistently reduces set size and CCV while matching or tightening target coverage, outperforming prior transductive baselines and narrowing the gap to label-using methods, while using far less compute. Comprehensive ablations and qualitative analyses show that LATA sharpens zero-shot predictions without compromising exchangeability.

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have significantly enhanced the visual grounding task, which involves locating objects in an image based on natural language queries. Despite these advancements, the security of VLM-based grounding systems has not been thoroughly investigated. This paper reveals a novel and realistic vulnerability: the first multi-target backdoor attack on VLM-based visual grounding. Unlike prior attacks that rely on static triggers or fixed targets, we propose IAG, a method that dynamically generates input-aware, text-guided triggers conditioned on any specified target object description to execute the attack. This is achieved through a text-conditioned UNet that embeds imperceptible target semantic cues into visual inputs while preserving normal grounding performance on benign samples. We further develop a joint training objective that balances language capability with perceptual reconstruction to ensure imperceptibility, effectiveness, and stealth. Extensive experiments on multiple VLMs (e.g., LLaVA, InternVL, Ferret) and benchmarks (RefCOCO, RefCOCO+, RefCOCOg, Flickr30k Entities, and ShowUI) demonstrate that IAG achieves the best ASRs compared with other baselines on almost all settings without compromising clean accuracy, maintaining robustness against existing defenses, and exhibiting transferability across datasets and models. These findings underscore critical security risks in grounding-capable VLMs and highlight the need for further research on trustworthy multimodal understanding. Code is in the supplementary material.

Video amodal completion (VAC) aims to mimic the human brain's ability to implicitly perceive the complete appearance of partially occluded objects, thereby facilitating recognition and understanding. Existing VAC methods finetune video generation models on custom datasets, yet these datasets often have unrealistic distributions and small scales due to the challenges of collecting real amodal data, and thus limit their performance and generalization. To address this, we propose a training-free framework by utilizing pre-trained image inpainting models for VAC and introducing in-context (IC) learning to enhance inter-frame consistency. However, despite the satisfactory performance of DiT-based IC Learning in generation tasks, task-agnostic global attention tends to utilize irrelevant contextual information, resulting in completion failures when applied to amodal completion. Additionally, IC Learning faces a cold-start problem with the exemplar construction. To this end, we propose a consistent video amodal completion with rectified in-context exemplar guidance. Specifically, we introduce rectified exemplar-guided completion by adjusting the attention weights of exemplar relative to the target images for consistent completion, and adopt a dual-frame calibrated exemplar rectification to tackle the cold-start issue. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms SOTAs, especially in terms of generalization and robustness on uncommon data and under severe occlusion. Codes are available at https://github.com/xxyCSCV/IC-Amodal.

The escalating parameter counts in modern deep learning models pose a fundamental challenge to efficient training and resolution of overfitting. We address this by introducing the Mapping Networks which replace the high dimensional weight space by a compact, trainable latent vector based on the hypothesis that the trained parameters of large networks reside on smooth, low-dimensional manifolds. Henceforth, the Mapping Theorem enforced by a dedicated Mapping Loss, shows the existence of a mapping from this latent space to the target weight space both theoretically and in practice. Mapping Networks significantly reduce overfitting and achieve comparable to better performance than target network across complex vision and sequence tasks, including Image Classification, Deepfake Detection etc., with 99.5%, i.e., around 500x reduction in trainable parameters.

Recent advancements in video generation technologies have been significant, resulting in their widespread application across multiple domains. However, concerns have been mounting over the potential misuse of generated content. Tracing the origin of generated videos has become crucial to mitigate potential misuse and identify responsible parties. Existing video attribution methods require additional operations or the training of source attribution models, which may degrade video quality or necessitate large amounts of training samples. To address these challenges, we define for the first time the "few-shot training-free generated video attribution" task and propose SWIFT, which is tightly integrated with the temporal characteristics of the video. By leveraging the "Pixel Frames(many) to Latent Frame(one)" temporal mapping within each video chunk, SWIFT applies a fixed-length sliding window to perform two distinct reconstructions: normal and corrupted. The variation in the losses between two reconstructions is then used as an attribution signal. We conducted an extensive evaluation of five state-of-the-art (SOTA) video generation models. Experimental results show that SWIFT achieves over 90% average attribution accuracy with merely 20 video samples across all models and even enables zero-shot attribution for HunyuanVideo, EasyAnimate, and Wan2.2. Our source code is available at https://github.com/wangchao0708/SWIFT.

We introduce LAM, a system that explores collaboration between large language models and vision-language models to generate articulated objects from text prompts without a visual prior or prebuilt 3D assets. In contrast, we formulate articulated object generation as a unified code-generation task, in which geometry and articulations can be co-designed from scratch. Given an input text, LAM coordinates a team of specialized modules to generate code to represent the desired articulated object procedurally. LAM first reasons about the hierarchical structure of parts (links) with Link Designer, then writes code, compiles it, and debugs it with Geometry and Articulation Coders and self-corrects with Geometry and Articulation Checkers. The code serves as a structured, interpretable bridge between individual links, ensuring the correct relationships among them. Experiments demonstrate the power of leveraging code as a generative medium within a collaboration system, showcasing its effectiveness in automatically constructing complex articulated objects.

Video temporal grounding (VTG) is a critical task in video understanding and a key capability for extending video large language models (Vid-LLMs) to broader applications. However, existing Vid-LLMs rely on uniform frame sampling to extract video information, resulting in a sparse distribution of key frames and the loss of crucial temporal cues. To address this limitation, we propose Grounded Visual Token Sampling (GroundVTS), a Vid-LLM architecture that focuses on the most informative temporal segments. GroundVTS employs a fine-grained, query-guided mechanism to filter visual tokens before feeding them into the LLM, thereby preserving essential spatio-temporal information and maintaining temporal coherence. Futhermore, we introduce a progressive optimization strategy that enables the LLM to effectively adapt to the non-uniform distribution of visual features, enhancing its ability to model temporal dependencies and achieve precise video localization. We comprehensively evaluate GroundVTS on three standard VTG benchmarks, where it outperforms existing methods, achieving a 7.7-point improvement in mIoU for moment retrieval and 12.0-point improvement in mAP for highlight detection. Code is available at the \href https://github.com/Florence365/GroundVTS GroundVTS code repository .

Despite the rapid progress of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), the integration of visual modalities introduces new safety vulnerabilities that adversaries can exploit to elicit biased or malicious outputs. In this paper, we demonstrate an underexplored vulnerability via semantic slot filling, where LVLMs complete missing slot values with unsafe content even when the slot types are deliberately crafted to appear benign. Building on this finding, we propose StructAttack, a simple yet effective single-query jailbreak framework under black-box settings. StructAttack decomposes a harmful query into a central topic and a set of benign-looking slot types, then embeds them as structured visual prompts (e.g., mind maps, tables, or sunburst diagrams) with small random perturbations. Paired with a completion-guided instruction, LVLMs automatically recompose the concealed semantics and generate unsafe outputs without triggering safety mechanisms. Although each slot appears benign in isolation (local benignness), StructAttack exploits LVLMs' reasoning to assemble these slots into coherent harmful semantics. Extensive experiments on multiple models and benchmarks show the efficacy of our proposed StructAttack.

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has revealed the limitations of existing benchmarks in evaluating complex reasoning over multiple images. To address this gap, we introduce MIRACLE, a novel benchmark for Multi-Image complex Reasoning And Comprehension Logic Evaluation, featuring 4,000 questions across diverse reasoning types such as visual comparison, temporal sequencing, and spatial relations. MIRACLE emphasizes strong inter-image dependencies through a systematic data collection process, followed by delicate instance grouping and question design that enforce cross-image reasoning.Evaluation on leading MLLMs shows that even top-performing models like Gemini-2.5-Pro achieve only 55.91% points, highlighting the significant challenges of multi-image reasoning. Moreover, in scenarios characterized by high visual information density, such as puzzle tasks and ultra multi-image input conditions, all models exhibit a significant drop in performance, which highlights the limitations of MLLMs in handling complex structural relations and collaborative reasoning, revealing deficiencies in their cognitive capabilities under high-load visual reasoning settings. We hope MIRACLE will inspire the community to push the boundaries of multi-image reasoning. MIRACLE is available at https://huggingface.co/datasets/queyuecanyang/MIRACLE.

Lymph node metastasis diagnosis in pathological images is a highly challenging four-class classification task, comprising macrometastasis, micrometastasis, isolated tumor cells (ITC), and negative lesions.Unlike conventional classification settings, this four-class scenario simultaneously suffers from inter-class and intra-slide scarcity of minority information.Existing approaches based on CNNs or GNNs primarily emphasize node-level feature learning, making it difficult to capture high-order feature interactions and topological dependencies among cells, while also overlooking the representational insufficiency induced by class scarcity.To address these challenges, we propose a dual-level generative framework that integrates class-prompt priors with high-order structural modeling to enhance the representation capacity of minority classes.At the hypergraph level, we develop a prompt-guided hierarchical hypergraph variational autoencoder (HGVAE) capable of generating diverse and topologically consistent hypergraph representations for minority classes.At the hypernode level, we introduce an anchor-diffusion mixup strategy to enrich the minority node features of high-attention positive anchor nodes.Extensive experiments on the four-class NIMM dataset, as well as TCGA datasets, demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively alleviates feature scarcity and significantly boosts the classification performance of minority classes.

Vision-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (VisRAG) leverages vision-language models (VLMs) to jointly retrieve relevant visual documents and generate grounded answers based on multimodal evidence. However, existing VisRAG models degrade in performance when visual inputs suffer from distortions such as blur, noise, low light, or shadow, where semantic and degradation factors become entangled within pretrained visual encoders, leading to errors in both retrieval and generation stages. To address this limitation, we introduce RobustVisRAG, a causality-guided dual-path framework that improves VisRAG robustness while preserving efficiency and zero-shot generalization. RobustVisRAG uses a non-causal path to capture degradation signals through unidirectional attention and a causal path to learn purified semantics guided by these signals. Together with the proposed Non-Causal Distortion Modeling and Causal Semantic Alignment objectives, the framework enforces a clear separation between semantics and degradations, enabling stable retrieval and generation under challenging visual conditions. To evaluate robustness under realistic conditions, we introduce the Distortion-VisRAG dataset, a large-scale benchmark containing both synthetic and real-world degraded documents across seven domains, with 12 synthetic and 5 real distortion types that comprehensively reflect practical visual degradations. Experimental results show that RobustVisRAG improves retrieval, generation, and end-to-end performance by 7.35%, 6.35%, and 12.40%, respectively, on real-world degradations, while maintaining comparable accuracy on clean inputs.