LLM-as-Judge papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• LLM-as-Judge went from 8 papers in 2023 to 219 in 2026, roughly 27x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most LLM-as-Judge work: 173 papers from 2023 to 2026, 43% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 78 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Evaluation and Benchmarks, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, LLM Benchmarks, is up 154x versus 27x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Free Lunch in LLM Compression: Revisiting Retraining after Pruning
• ICML 2026A Judge-Aware Ranking Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models without Ground Truth
• ICLR 2026Addressing Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Uncertainty Estimation Methods for Natural Language Generation
• CVPR 2026Pixels Dont Lie But Your Detector Might Bootstrapping MLLM-as-a-Judge for
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{BetaConform}$: Efficient MAP Estimation of LLM Ensemble Judgment Performance with Prior Transfer
• ICML 2025Active Evaluation Acquisition for Efficient LLM Benchmarking
• ICLR 2025An Empirical Analysis of Uncertainty in Large Language Model Evaluations
• CVPR 2025ASHiTA: Automatic Scene-grounded HIerarchical Task Analysis
• NeurIPS 2024BertaQA: How Much Do Language Models Know About Local Culture?
• ICML 2024CHAI: Clustered Head Attention for Efficient LLM Inference
• ICLR 2024PandaLM: An Automatic Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Instruction Tuning Optimization
• NeurIPS 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena
• ICML 2023SAM operates far from home: eigenvalue regularization as a dynamical phenomenon
• ICLR 2023On the complexity of nonsmooth automatic differentiation
• NeurIPS 2026A Stratified Multi-Rater Evaluation of LLM-Based Virtual Standardized Patients with a Deployed Data-Generation Platform
• ICML 2026Are LLM Evaluators Really Narcissists? Sanity Checking Self-Preference Evaluations
• ICLR 2026AutoMetrics: Approximate Human Judgments with Automatically Generated Evaluators
• CVPR 20263DrawAgent Teaching LLM to Draw in 3D with Early Contrastive
• NeurIPS 2025Adaptive Prediction-Powered AutoEval with Reliability and Efficiency Guarantees
• ICML 2025Evaluating Judges as Evaluators: The JETTS Benchmark of LLM-as-Judges as Test-Time Scaling Evaluators

All LLM-as-Judge papers

401 papers, page 5 of 9

201. NeurIPS 2026Strong Teacher Not Needed? On Distillation in LLM Pretraining
202. NeurIPS 2026TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection
203. NeurIPS 2026The Geometry of Forgetting: Temporal Knowledge Drift as an Independent Axis in LLM Representations
204. NeurIPS 2026The Missing Corpus: Infinite Ground Truth for File-Grounded LLM Evaluation
205. NeurIPS 2026The Ruler and the Judge: Benchmark-Conditional Evaluation of LLM-as-a-Judge
206. NeurIPS 2026Too Smart to Teach: The Articulability Ceiling in Language Models
207. NeurIPS 2026Towards Reliable LLM Evaluation: Correcting the Winner’s Curse in Adaptive Benchmarking
208. NeurIPS 2026Treat Domain-Specific Languages as Design Variables in LLM Agents
209. NeurIPS 2026Trust, but Don’t Verify: Epistemic Blind Spots in LLM Source Evaluation
210. NeurIPS 2026TwinRouterBench: Fast Static and Live Dynamic Evaluation for Realistic Agentic LLM Routing
211. NeurIPS 2026Valid Best-Model Identification for LLM Evaluation via Low-Rank Factorization
212. NeurIPS 2026Verifiable LLM-Guided Focal SMT Solving for Quantified Arrays
213. NeurIPS 2026Verified-Source Authority Is Not Generic Sycophancy: Cue-Family Decomposition of LLM Compliance
214. NeurIPS 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformation
215. NeurIPS 2026What Claims Do LLM Benchmark Scores Support?
216. NeurIPS 2026What Should Remain After Forgetting? Rethinking LLM Unlearning as Predictive Posterior Correction
217. NeurIPS 2026When Empathy Misses the Goal: A Benchmark for Goal Displacement in LLM Advice
218. NeurIPS 2026When Expert Disagreement Hurts: Auditing Prestige-Sensitive Revision in LLM Decision Pipelines
219. NeurIPS 2026When LLM Routers Overpay: Strong-Model Over-Selection under Loose Budgets
220. CVPR 2025ASHiTA: Automatic Scene-grounded HIerarchical Task Analysis
221. CVPR 2025LLaVA-Critic: Learning to Evaluate Multimodal Models
222. CVPR 2025Period-LLM: Extending the Periodic Capability of Multimodal Large Language Model
223. ICLR 2025A Statistical Framework for Ranking LLM-based Chatbots
224. ICLR 2025AgentSquare: Automatic LLM Agent Search in Modular Design Space
225. ICLR 2025An Empirical Analysis of Uncertainty in Large Language Model Evaluations
226. ICLR 2025BadJudge: Backdoor Vulnerabilities of LLM-As-A-Judge
227. ICLR 2025Better than Your Teacher: LLM Agents that learn from Privileged AI Feedback
228. ICLR 2025Beyond correlation: The impact of human uncertainty in measuring the effectiveness of automatic evaluation and LLM-as-a-judge
229. ICLR 2025Catastrophic Failure of LLM Unlearning via Quantization
230. ICLR 2025Cheating Automatic LLM Benchmarks: Null Models Achieve High Win Rates
231. ICLR 2025Combatting Dimensional Collapse in LLM Pre-Training Data via Submodular File Selection
232. ICLR 2025Controlled LLM Decoding via Discrete Auto-regressive Biasing
233. ICLR 2025Diversity Empowers Intelligence: Integrating Expertise of Software Engineering Agents
234. ICLR 2025Do LLMs have Consistent Values?
235. ICLR 2025GraphEval: A Lightweight Graph-Based LLM Framework for Idea Evaluation
236. ICLR 2025HShare: Fast LLM Decoding by Hierarchical Key-Value Sharing
237. ICLR 2025Judge Decoding: Faster Speculative Sampling Requires Going Beyond Model Alignment
238. ICLR 2025JudgeBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLM-Based Judges
239. ICLR 2025Justice or Prejudice? Quantifying Biases in LLM-as-a-Judge
240. ICLR 2025Language Model Alignment in Multilingual Trolley Problems
241. ICLR 2025Language Models Are Implicitly Continuous
242. ICLR 2025Latent Space Chain-of-Embedding Enables Output-free LLM Self-Evaluation
243. ICLR 2025Learning LLM-as-a-Judge for Preference Alignment
244. ICLR 2025Limits to scalable evaluation at the frontier: LLM as judge won’t beat twice the data
245. ICLR 2025LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark
246. ICLR 2025On Calibration of LLM-based Guard Models for Reliable Content Moderation
247. ICLR 2025Pangea: A Fully Open Multilingual Multimodal LLM for 39 Languages
248. ICLR 2025Perplexed by Perplexity: Perplexity-Based Data Pruning With Small Reference Models
249. ICLR 2025Progressive Mixed-Precision Decoding for Efficient LLM Inference
250. ICLR 2025RevisEval: Improving LLM-as-a-Judge via Response-Adapted References

FAQ

How many LLM-as-Judge papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

401 in total: 8 in 2023, 48 in 2024, 126 in 2025, 219 in 2026.

How many LLM-as-Judge papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 88 LLM-as-Judge papers, versus 53 the year before.

How many LLM-as-Judge papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 62 LLM-as-Judge papers, versus 37 the year before.

How many LLM-as-Judge papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 64 LLM-as-Judge papers, versus 33 the year before.

How many LLM-as-Judge papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 5 LLM-as-Judge papers, versus 3 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most LLM-as-Judge papers?

NeurIPS, with 173 papers from 2023 to 2026.