AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

3,266 papers, page 24 of 66

1151. ICML 2026Sparse Topology-Aware Pairwise Scoring for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1152. ICML 2026Speculative Safety Honeypot: Toward Proactive Defense Against Multi-turn Agent Attacks
1153. ICML 2026Sponge Tool Attack: Stealthy Denial-of-Efficiency against Tool-Augmented Agentic Reasoning
1154. ICML 2026SRPO: Self-Reflective Policy Optimization for Long-Horizon Reasoning
1155. ICML 2026StitchCUDA: An Automated Multi-Agents End-to-End GPU Programing Framework with Rubric-based Agentic Reinforcement Learning
1156. ICML 2026Strat-Reasoner: Reinforcing Strategic Reasoning of LLMs in Multi-Agent Games
1157. ICML 2026Strategic Navigation or Stochastic Search? How Agents and Humans Reason Over Document Collections
1158. ICML 2026Stratified GRPO: Handling Structural Heterogeneity in Reinforcement Learning of LLM Search Agents
1159. ICML 2026Stream RAG: Instant and Accurate Spoken Dialogue Systems with Streaming Tool Usage
1160. ICML 2026Structurally Aligned Subtask-Level Memory for Software Engineering Agents
1161. ICML 2026Student-Centered Distillation Narrows the Agentic Gap Between Small and Large LLMs
1162. ICML 2026SWE-ABS: Adversarial Benchmark Strengthening Exposes Inflated Success Rates on Test-based Benchmark
1163. ICML 2026SWE-Bench Pro: Can AI Agents Solve Long-Horizon Software Engineering Tasks?
1164. ICML 2026SWE-Compass: Towards Unified Evaluation of Agentic Coding Abilities for Large Language Models
1165. ICML 2026SWE-MiniSandbox: Container-Free Reinforcement Learning for Building Software Engineering Agents
1166. ICML 2026Systematic Failures in Collective Reasoning under Distributed Information in Multi-Agent LLMs
1167. ICML 2026T$^2$PO: Uncertainty-Guided Exploration Control for Stable Multi-Turn Agentic Reinforcement Learning
1168. ICML 2026TABX: A High-Throughput Sandbox Battle Simulator for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1169. ICML 2026TadA-Bench: A Million-Variant Benchmark for Future-Round Discovery Toward Agentic Protein Engineering
1170. ICML 2026Talk, Judge, Cooperate: Gossip-Driven Indirect Reciprocity in Self-Interested LLM Agents
1171. ICML 2026Taming I2V models for Image HOI Editing: A Cognitive Benchmark and Agentic Self-Correcting Framework
1172. ICML 2026Task-Awareness Improves LLM Generations and Uncertainty
1173. ICML 2026TeamTR: Trust-Region Fine-Tuning for Multi-Agent LLM Coordination
1174. ICML 2026TestExplora: Benchmarking LLMs for Proactive Bug Discovery via Repository-Level Test Generation
1175. ICML 2026Text Before Vision: Staged Knowledge Injection Matters for Agentic RLVR in Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Understanding
1176. ICML 2026TextResNet: Decoupling and Routing Optimization Signals in Compound AI Systems via Deep Residual Tuning
1177. ICML 2026TFRBench: A Reasoning Benchmark for Evaluating Forecasting Systems
1178. ICML 2026The Bridge-Garden Dilemma in LLM Distillation: Why Mixing Hard and Soft Labels Works
1179. ICML 2026The Decrypto Benchmark for Multi-Agent Reasoning and Theory of Mind
1180. ICML 2026The Deterministic Horizon: When Extended Reasoning Fails and Tool Delegation Becomes Necessary
1181. ICML 2026The First Drop of Ink: Nonlinear Impact of Misleading Information in Long-Context Reasoning
1182. ICML 2026The Oversight Game: Learning to Cooperatively Balance an AI Agent's Safety and Autonomy
1183. ICML 2026The Perceptual Bandwidth Bottleneck in Vision-Language Models: Active Visual Reasoning via Sequential Experimental Design
1184. ICML 2026The Truth Stays in the Family: Enhancing Contextual Truthfulness via Inherited Heads in Model Lineages
1185. ICML 2026The Value of Variance: Mitigating Debate Collapse in Multi-Agent Systems via Uncertainty-Driven Policy Optimization
1186. ICML 2026Think Fast and Slow: Step-Level Cognitive Depth Adaptation for LLM Agents
1187. ICML 2026Think Twice Before You Act: Protecting LLM Agents Against Tool Description Poisoning via Isolated Planning
1188. ICML 2026Threat2Traffic: Multi-Agent Environment Synthesis for Malware Traffic Generation from Threat Intelligence
1189. ICML 2026Threshold-Based Exclusive Batching for LLM Inference
1190. ICML 2026ThunderAgent: A Fast, Simple, and Program-Aware Agentic Inference System
1191. ICML 2026TileSparse: Arithmetic-Intensity-Aware Sparse Attention for Compute-Bound LLM Decoding
1192. ICML 2026TodoEvolve: Learning to Architect Agent Planning Systems
1193. ICML 2026Token-Level LLM Collaboration via FusionRoute
1194. ICML 2026TOM-SWE: User Mental Modeling For Software Engineering Agents
1195. ICML 2026ToMAP: Training Opponent-Aware LLM Persuaders with Theory of Mind
1196. ICML 2026ToolOrchestra: Elevating Intelligence via Efficient Model and Tool Orchestration
1197. ICML 2026Toward Culturally Aligned LLMs through Ontology-Guided Multi-Agent Reasoning
1198. ICML 2026Toward Training Superintelligent Software Agents through Self-Play SWE-RL
1199. ICML 2026Towards a Science of AI Agent Reliability
1200. ICML 2026Towards Cold-Start Drafting and Continual Refining: A Value-Driven Memory Approach with Application to NPU Kernel Synthesis

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.