AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

3,266 papers, page 13 of 66

601. ICLR 2026WebSeer: Training Deeper Search Agents through Reinforcement Learning with Self-Reflection
602. ICLR 2026WebShaper: Agentically Data Synthesizing via Information-Seeking Formalization
603. ICLR 2026WebWeaver: Structuring Web-Scale Evidence with Dynamic Outlines for Open-Ended Deep Research
604. ICLR 2026When Agents “Misremember” Collectively: Exploring the Mandela Effect in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
605. ICLR 2026When Does Divide and Conquer Work for Long Context LLM? A Noise Decomposition Framework
606. ICLR 2026When Is Diversity Rewarded in Cooperative Multi-Agent Learning?
607. ICLR 2026When to Ensemble: Identifying Token-Level Points for Stable and Fast LLM Ensembling
608. ICLR 2026Where Did It Go Wrong? Attributing Undesirable LLM Behaviors via Representation Gradient Tracing
609. ICLR 2026Who Matters Matters: Agent-Specific Conservative Offline MARL
610. ICLR 2026Why Keep Your Doubts to Yourself? Trading Visual Uncertainties in Multi-Agent Bandit Systems
611. ICLR 2026WideSearch: Benchmarking Agentic Broad Info-Seeking
612. ICLR 2026Your Agent May Misevolve: Emergent Risks in Self-evolving LLM Agents
613. ICLR 2026Youtu-GraphRAG: Vertically Unified Agents for Graph Retrieval-Augmented Complex Reasoning
614. ICLR 2026Zephyrus: An Agentic Framework for Weather Science
615. ICML 2026*MemPot*: Defend Against Memory Extraction Attack with Optimized Honeypots
616. ICML 2026$\tau^2$-Bench: Evaluating Conversational Agents in a Dual-Control Environment
617. ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
618. ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
619. ICML 2026$\texttt{Multi}^2$: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Decision-Making with LLM-Based Agents in Interactive Environments
620. ICML 2026$R^3$DAO: Reactive Recovery and Reconstruction for Long-horizon Data Agent Orchestration
621. ICML 20263DMedAgent: Unified Perception-to-Understanding for 3D Medical Analysis
622. ICML 2026A Behavioural and Representational Evaluation of Goal-Directedness in Language Model Agents
623. ICML 2026A Diagnostic Study of Multi-Agent LLMs for Real-World Debates
624. ICML 2026A Geometric Analysis of Small-sized Language Model Hallucinations
625. ICML 2026A Minimal Agent for Automated Theorem Proving
626. ICML 2026A New Framework for Cybersecurity Refusals in AI Agents
627. ICML 2026A Noise Sensitivity Exponent Controls Large Statistical-to-Computational Gaps in Single- and Multi-Index Models
628. ICML 2026A Probabilistic Framework for LLM-Based Model Discovery
629. ICML 2026A Queueing-Theoretic Framework for Stability Analysis of LLM Inference with KV Cache Memory Constraints
630. ICML 2026A Tale of Two Graphs: Separating Knowledge Exploration from Outline Structure for Open-Ended Deep Research
631. ICML 2026A Two-Tier Perspective on Inference-Time Parallelism in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
632. ICML 2026A-MemGuard: A Proactive Defense Framework For LLM-Based Agent Memory
633. ICML 2026ABC-Bench: An Agentic Bio-Capabilities Benchmark for Biosecurity
634. ICML 2026ABSINT-AI: Agentic Heap Abstractions for Abstract Interpretation
635. ICML 2026ACON: Optimizing Context Compression for Long-horizon LLM Agents
636. ICML 2026Active Exploring like a Pigeon: Reinforcing Spatial Reasoning via Agentic Vision-Language Models
637. ICML 2026AD-MIR: Bridging the Gap from Perception to Persuasion in Advertising Video Understanding via Structured Reasoning
638. ICML 2026AdaMEM: Test-Time Adaptive Memory for Language Agents
639. ICML 2026AdaMeZO: Adam-style Zeroth-Order Optimizer for LLM Fine-tuning Without Maintaining the Moments
640. ICML 2026ADEPT: RL-Aligned Agentic Decoding of Emotion via Evidence Probing Tools — From Consensus Learning to Ambiguity-Driven Emotion Reasoning
641. ICML 2026AdvEvo-MARL: Shaping Internalized Safety through Adversarial Co-Evolution in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
642. ICML 2026Agent JIT Compilation for Latency-Optimizing Web Agent Planning and Scheduling
643. ICML 2026Agent Primitives: Reuseable Latent Building Blocks for Multi-Agent Systems
644. ICML 2026Agent World Model: Infinity Synthetic Environments for Agentic Reinforcement Learning
645. ICML 2026Agent-Omit: Adaptive Context Omission for Efficient LLM Agents
646. ICML 2026AgentConductor: Topology Evolution for Multi-Agent Competition-Level Code Generation
647. ICML 2026AgentExpt: Automating AI Experiment Design with LLM-based Resource Retrieval Agent
648. ICML 2026AgentHijack: Benchmarking Computer Use Agent Robustness to Common Environment Corruptions
649. ICML 2026Agentic Confidence Calibration
650. ICML 2026Agentic Framework for Epidemiological Modeling

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.