Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

6,885 papers, page 70 of 138

3451. ICML 2025Accurate and Efficient World Modeling with Masked Latent Transformers
3452. ICML 2025Action-Constrained Imitation Learning
3453. ICML 2025Action-Dependent Optimality-Preserving Reward Shaping
3454. ICML 2025Activation by Interval-wise Dropout: A Simple Way to Prevent Neural Networks from Plasticity Loss
3455. ICML 2025Active Fine-Tuning of Multi-Task Policies
3456. ICML 2025Active Reward Modeling: Adaptive Preference Labeling for Large Language Model Alignment
3457. ICML 2025Actor-Critics Can Achieve Optimal Sample Efficiency
3458. ICML 2025Ad Hoc Teamwork via Offline Goal-Based Decision Transformers
3459. ICML 2025Ad-Hoc Human-AI Coordination Challenge
3460. ICML 2025Adaptive Exploration for Multi-Reward Multi-Policy Evaluation
3461. ICML 2025Adaptive Learn-then-Test: Statistically Valid and Efficient Hyperparameter Selection
3462. ICML 2025ADDQ: Adaptive distributional double Q-learning
3463. ICML 2025AdvAgent: Controllable Blackbox Red-teaming on Web Agents
3464. ICML 2025Adversarial Inception Backdoor Attacks against Reinforcement Learning
3465. ICML 2025Agent-Centric Actor-Critic for Asynchronous Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
3466. ICML 2025AI for Global Climate Cooperation: Modeling Global Climate Negotiations, Agreements, and Long-Term Cooperation in RICE-N
3467. ICML 2025Aligned Multi Objective Optimization
3468. ICML 2025AlphaDPO: Adaptive Reward Margin for Direct Preference Optimization
3469. ICML 2025AlphaPO: Reward Shape Matters for LLM Alignment
3470. ICML 2025AlphaQCM: Alpha Discovery in Finance with Distributional Reinforcement Learning
3471. ICML 2025An Online Learning Approach to Prompt-based Selection of Generative Models and LLMs
3472. ICML 2025An Optimistic Algorithm for online CMDPS with Anytime Adversarial Constraints
3473. ICML 2025Analytical Lyapunov Function Discovery: An RL-based Generative Approach
3474. ICML 2025ARS: Adaptive Reward Scaling for Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning
3475. ICML 2025AssistanceZero: Scalably Solving Assistance Games
3476. ICML 2025AUTOCIRCUIT-RL: Reinforcement Learning-Driven LLM for Automated Circuit Topology Generation
3477. ICML 2025Automatic Reward Shaping from Confounded Offline Data
3478. ICML 2025Behavior-agnostic Task Inference for Robust Offline In-context Reinforcement Learning
3479. ICML 2025Behavior-Regularized Diffusion Policy Optimization for Offline Reinforcement Learning
3480. ICML 2025Behavioral Exploration: Learning to Explore via In-Context Adaptation
3481. ICML 2025Bellman Unbiasedness: Toward Provably Efficient Distributional Reinforcement Learning with General Value Function Approximation
3482. ICML 2025Benchmarking Quantum Reinforcement Learning
3483. ICML 2025Beyond Bradley-Terry Models: A General Preference Model for Language Model Alignment
3484. ICML 2025Beyond CVaR: Leveraging Static Spectral Risk Measures for Enhanced Decision-Making in Distributional Reinforcement Learning
3485. ICML 2025Beyond The Rainbow: High Performance Deep Reinforcement Learning on a Desktop PC
3486. ICML 2025Branches: Efficiently Seeking Optimal Sparse Decision Trees via AO*
3487. ICML 2025Breaking the Curse of Multiagency in Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
3488. ICML 2025BRiTE: Bootstrapping Reinforced Thinking Process to Enhance Language Model Reasoning
3489. ICML 2025C-3PO: Compact Plug-and-Play Proxy Optimization to Achieve Human-like Retrieval-Augmented Generation
3490. ICML 2025C2IQL: Constraint-Conditioned Implicit Q-learning for Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning
3491. ICML 2025Calibrated Value-Aware Model Learning with Probabilistic Environment Models
3492. ICML 2025Can RLHF be More Efficient with Imperfect Reward Models? A Policy Coverage Perspective
3493. ICML 2025Catching Two Birds with One Stone: Reward Shaping with Dual Random Networks for Balancing Exploration and Exploitation
3494. ICML 2025Categorical Distributional Reinforcement Learning with Kullback-Leibler Divergence: Convergence and Asymptotics
3495. ICML 2025Catoni Contextual Bandits are Robust to Heavy-tailed Rewards
3496. ICML 2025CERTAIN: Context Uncertainty-aware One-Shot Adaptation for Context-based Offline Meta Reinforcement Learning
3497. ICML 2025Chip Placement with Diffusion Models
3498. ICML 2025CLARIFY: Contrastive Preference Reinforcement Learning for Untangling Ambiguous Queries
3499. ICML 2025Clone-Robust AI Alignment
3500. ICML 2025Closed-form Solutions: A New Perspective on Solving Differential Equations

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.