Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

6,885 papers, page 71 of 138

3501. ICML 2025CogReact: A Reinforced Framework to Model Human Cognitive Reaction Modulated by Dynamic Intervention
3502. ICML 2025CollabLLM: From Passive Responders to Active Collaborators
3503. ICML 2025Combinatorial Reinforcement Learning with Preference Feedback
3504. ICML 2025Comparing Comparisons: Informative and Easy Human Feedback with Distinguishability Queries
3505. ICML 2025Comparing Few to Rank Many: Active Human Preference Learning Using Randomized Frank-Wolfe Method
3506. ICML 2025Concurrent Reinforcement Learning with Aggregated States via Randomized Least Squares Value Iteration
3507. ICML 2025Consensus Based Stochastic Optimal Control
3508. ICML 2025Conservative Offline Goal-Conditioned Implicit V-Learning
3509. ICML 2025Constrain Alignment with Sparse Autoencoders
3510. ICML 2025Constrained Exploitability Descent: An Offline Reinforcement Learning Method for Finding Mixed-Strategy Nash Equilibrium
3511. ICML 2025Contextual Optimization Under Model Misspecification: A Tractable and Generalizable Approach
3512. ICML 2025Continual Reinforcement Learning by Planning with Online World Models
3513. ICML 2025Controlling Large Language Model with Latent Action
3514. ICML 2025Controlling Underestimation Bias in Constrained Reinforcement Learning for Safe Exploration
3515. ICML 2025Convergence Analysis of Policy Gradient Methods with Dynamic Stochasticity
3516. ICML 2025Convergence of Policy Mirror Descent Beyond Compatible Function Approximation
3517. ICML 2025Convex Markov Games: A New Frontier for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
3518. ICML 2025Counting atoms faster: policy-based nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequencing for atomic abundance measurement
3519. ICML 2025Craftium: Bridging Flexibility and Efficiency for Rich 3D Single- and Multi-Agent Environments
3520. ICML 2025Cross-environment Cooperation Enables Zero-shot Multi-agent Coordination
3521. ICML 2025D-Fusion: Direct Preference Optimization for Aligning Diffusion Models with Visually Consistent Samples
3522. ICML 2025David and Goliath: Small One-step Model Beats Large Diffusion with Score Post-training
3523. ICML 2025Decision Mixer: Integrating Long-term and Local Dependencies via Dynamic Token Selection for Decision-Making
3524. ICML 2025Decoding Rewards in Competitive Games: Inverse Game Theory with Entropy Regularization
3525. ICML 2025Deep Reinforcement Learning from Hierarchical Preference Design
3526. ICML 2025Demonstration Selection for In-Context Learning via Reinforcement Learning
3527. ICML 2025Demystifying Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
3528. ICML 2025Demystifying the Paradox of Importance Sampling with an Estimated History-Dependent Behavior Policy in Off-Policy Evaluation
3529. ICML 2025Design Considerations in Offline Preference-based RL
3530. ICML 2025DiLQR: Differentiable Iterative Linear Quadratic Regulator via Implicit Differentiation
3531. ICML 2025DiMa: Understanding the Hardness of Online Matching Problems via Diffusion Models
3532. ICML 2025DIME: Diffusion-Based Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning
3533. ICML 2025DipLLM: Fine-Tuning LLM for Strategic Decision-making in Diplomacy
3534. ICML 2025Directly Forecasting Belief for Reinforcement Learning with Delays
3535. ICML 2025Discriminative Policy Optimization for Token-Level Reward Models
3536. ICML 2025Distributionally Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Chute Mapping
3537. ICML 2025Distributionally Robust Policy Learning under Concept Drifts
3538. ICML 2025Diversifying Robot Locomotion Behaviors with Extrinsic Behavioral Curiosity
3539. ICML 2025Diversity By Design: Leveraging Distribution Matching for Offline Model-Based Optimization
3540. ICML 2025Divide and Conquer: Grounding LLMs as Efficient Decision-Making Agents via Offline Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
3541. ICML 2025Diving into Self-Evolving Training for Multimodal Reasoning
3542. ICML 2025Do We Need to Verify Step by Step? Rethinking Process Supervision from a Theoretical Perspective
3543. ICML 2025DPO Meets PPO: Reinforced Token Optimization for RLHF
3544. ICML 2025DSBRouter: End-to-end Global Routing via Diffusion Schr\"{o}dinger Bridge
3545. ICML 2025EARL-BO: Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Step Lookahead, High-Dimensional Bayesian Optimization
3546. ICML 2025Efficient Online Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion Policy
3547. ICML 2025Efficient Skill Discovery via Regret-Aware Optimization
3548. ICML 2025EGPlace: An Efficient Macro Placement Method via Evolutionary Search with Greedy Repositioning Guided Mutation
3549. ICML 2025ELEMENTAL: Interactive Learning from Demonstrations and Vision-Language Models for Reward Design in Robotics
3550. ICML 2025Eliciting Language Model Behaviors with Investigator Agents

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.