Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

1,524 papers, page 7 of 31

301. ICLR 2026TESSAR: Geometry-Aware Active Regression via Dynamic Voronoi Tessellation
302. ICLR 2026Texture Vector-Quantization and Reconstruction Aware Prediction for Generative Super-Resolution
303. ICLR 2026TileLang: Bridge Programmability and Performance in Modern Neural Kernels
304. ICLR 2026TINY BUT MIGHTY: A SOFTWARE-HARDWARE CO- DESIGN APPROACH FOR EFFICIENT MULTIMODAL IN- FERENCE ON BATTERY-POWERED SMALL DEVICES
305. ICLR 2026Token Distillation: Attention-Aware Input Embeddings for New Tokens
306. ICLR 2026TokenSeek: Memory Efficient Fine Tuning via Instance-Aware Token Ditching
307. ICLR 2026ToProVAR: Efficient Visual Autoregressive Modeling via Tri-Dimensional Entropy-Aware Semantic Analysis and Sparsity Optimization
308. ICLR 2026Towards Anomaly-Aware Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning for Graph Anomaly Detection
309. ICLR 2026Towards Understanding The Calibration Benefits of Sharpness-Aware Minimization
310. ICLR 2026Tug-of-War No More: Harmonizing Accuracy and Robustness in Vision-Language Models via Stability-Aware Task Vector Merging
311. ICLR 2026TurboBoA: Faster and Exact Attention-aware Quantization without Backpropagation
312. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-Aware 3D Reconstruction for Dynamic Underwater Scenes
313. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-Aware Diagnostics for Physics-Informed Machine Learning
314. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-driven Embedding Convolution
315. ICLR 2026Unsupervised Representation Learning for 3D Mesh Parameterization with Semantic and Visibility Objectives
316. ICLR 2026WATS: Wavelet-Aware Temperature Scaling for Reliable Graph Neural Networks
317. ICML 20261-Bit Wonder: Improving QAT Performance in the Low-Bit Regime through K-Means Quantization
318. ICML 20264DPC$^2$hat: Towards Dynamic Point Cloud Understanding with Failure-Aware Bootstrapping
319. ICML 2026A Conflict-aware Evidential Framework for Reliable Sleep Stage Classification
320. ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
321. ICML 2026A Judge-Aware Ranking Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models without Ground Truth
322. ICML 2026AES: Curing Optimizer Blindness in Long-Tailed Recognition via State-Aware Correction
323. ICML 2026AgentTailor: A Semantic-Aware LLM-Based Multi-Agent System with Actor-Critic Structure
324. ICML 2026Alignment-Aware Decoding
325. ICML 2026Anchor-Final Self-Supervision Drives Hallucination-Aware Optimization in Large Vision-Language Models
326. ICML 2026ArborKV: Structure-Aware KV Cache Management for Scaling Tree-based LLM Reasoning
327. ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
328. ICML 2026Attn-QAT: 4-Bit Attention With Quantization-Aware Training
329. ICML 2026Attribution-Guided and Coverage-Maximized Pruning for Structural MoE Compression
330. ICML 2026AutoNumerics-Zero: Automated Discovery of State-of-the-Art Mathematical Functions
331. ICML 2026BandPO: Bridging Trust Regions and Ratio Clipping via Probability-Aware Bounds for LLM Reinforcement Learning
332. ICML 2026Beyond Hamming: Query-Aware Decoding of Binary Cosine Sketches
333. ICML 2026Beyond Perplexity: UTF-8 Validity in Byte-aware Language Models
334. ICML 2026Beyond Point-wise Neural Collapse: A Topology-Aware Hierarchical Classifier for Class-Incremental Learning
335. ICML 2026Beyond Prediction: Tail-Aware Scheduling for LLM Inference
336. ICML 2026Blocking the Leakage: Manifold-Aware Gradient Projection for Long-Horizon Test-Time Adaptation
337. ICML 2026BPL: Generalizable Deepfake Detection via Bias-only Pair-aware Learning
338. ICML 2026Causal-aware Anomaly Detection for Tabular Data
339. ICML 2026CELL: A Causal Perspective for Fairness-aware Graph Adaptation
340. ICML 2026Cluster-Aware Causal Mixer for Online Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Time Series
341. ICML 2026Concept Heterogeneity-aware Representation Steering
342. ICML 2026CONGA:Confidence-and-Gradient-Aware Learning Rate Schedule for Test Time Adaptation
343. ICML 2026CONTINUUM: Restoring the Contiguous Tensor Abstraction Efficiently for Dynamic AI Workloads via Hardware Virtualization
344. ICML 2026Convolutional Learnable-Group Weightless Neural Network
345. ICML 2026CORAL: Uncertainty-Aware Regulation of Exposure Concentration in Recommender Systems
346. ICML 2026Cost-aware Stopping for Bayesian Optimization
347. ICML 2026Courtroom Analogy: New Perspective on Uncertainty-Aware Classification
348. ICML 2026CRAMER: Control via Request-Aware Masking for Editing Recommenders
349. ICML 2026Crowd4D: Scene-Aware Monocular 4D Crowd Reconstruction
350. ICML 2026DARC: Disagreement-Aware Alignment via Risk-Constrained Decoding

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.