Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

263 papers, page 5 of 6

201. NeurIPS 2024Active Learning with LLMs for Partially Observed and Cost-Aware Scenarios
202. NeurIPS 2024Approximation-Aware Bayesian Optimization
203. NeurIPS 2024Association Pattern-aware Fusion for Biological Entity Relationship Prediction
204. NeurIPS 2024AV-GS: Learning Material and Geometry Aware Priors for Novel View Acoustic Synthesis
205. NeurIPS 2024Cardinality-Aware Set Prediction and Top-$k$ Classification
206. NeurIPS 2024Computation-Aware Gaussian Processes: Model Selection And Linear-Time Inference
207. NeurIPS 2024Con4m: Context-aware Consistency Learning Framework for Segmented Time Series Classification
208. NeurIPS 2024Context and Geometry Aware Voxel Transformer for Semantic Scene Completion
209. NeurIPS 2024Context-Aware Testing: A New Paradigm for Model Testing with Large Language Models
210. NeurIPS 2024Cooperative Hardware-Prompt Learning for Snapshot Compressive Imaging
211. NeurIPS 2024Cost-aware Bayesian Optimization via the Pandora's Box Gittins Index
212. NeurIPS 2024DASH: Warm-Starting Neural Network Training in Stationary Settings without Loss of Plasticity
213. NeurIPS 2024DEPrune: Depth-wise Separable Convolution Pruning for Maximizing GPU Parallelism
214. NeurIPS 2024DiffusionBlend: Learning 3D Image Prior through Position-aware Diffusion Score Blending for 3D Computed Tomography Reconstruction
215. NeurIPS 2024DisC-GS: Discontinuity-aware Gaussian Splatting
216. NeurIPS 2024Distribution-Aware Data Expansion with Diffusion Models
217. NeurIPS 2024DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting
218. NeurIPS 2024DoFIT: Domain-aware Federated Instruction Tuning with Alleviated Catastrophic Forgetting
219. NeurIPS 2024DreamCatcher: A Wearer-aware Multi-modal Sleep Event Dataset Based on Earables in Non-restrictive Environments
220. NeurIPS 2024Evidential Stochastic Differential Equations for Time-Aware Sequential Recommendation
221. NeurIPS 2024Explicit Eigenvalue Regularization Improves Sharpness-Aware Minimization
222. NeurIPS 2024EyeGraph: Modularity-aware Spatio Temporal Graph Clustering for Continuous Event-based Eye Tracking
223. NeurIPS 2024Fairness-Aware Estimation of Graphical Models
224. NeurIPS 2024Fairness-Aware Meta-Learning via Nash Bargaining
225. NeurIPS 2024FedGMKD: An Efficient Prototype Federated Learning Framework through Knowledge Distillation and Discrepancy-Aware Aggregation
226. NeurIPS 2024FIARSE: Model-Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Importance-Aware Submodel Extraction
227. NeurIPS 2024FlashAttention-3: Fast and Accurate Attention with Asynchrony and Low-precision
228. NeurIPS 2024Free-Rider and Conflict Aware Collaboration Formation for Cross-Silo Federated Learning
229. NeurIPS 2024Fundamental Convergence Analysis of Sharpness-Aware Minimization
230. NeurIPS 2024Gated Slot Attention for Efficient Linear-Time Sequence Modeling
231. NeurIPS 2024GaussianMarker: Uncertainty-Aware Copyright Protection of 3D Gaussian Splatting
232. NeurIPS 2024Geometry-aware training of factorized layers in tensor Tucker format
233. NeurIPS 2024Graph-enhanced Optimizers for Structure-aware Recommendation Embedding Evolution
234. NeurIPS 2024Hierarchical Object-Aware Dual-Level Contrastive Learning for Domain Generalized Stereo Matching
235. NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
236. NeurIPS 2024Implicit Regularization of Sharpness-Aware Minimization for Scale-Invariant Problems
237. NeurIPS 2024Learning Interaction-aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for One-shot Hand Avatars
238. NeurIPS 2024Localize, Understand, Collaborate: Semantic-Aware Dragging via Intention Reasoner
239. NeurIPS 2024MambaLLIE: Implicit Retinex-Aware Low Light Enhancement with Global-then-Local State Space
240. NeurIPS 2024MATES: Model-Aware Data Selection for Efficient Pretraining with Data Influence Models
241. NeurIPS 2024Model Sensitivity Aware Continual Learning
242. NeurIPS 2024Optimistic Verifiable Training by Controlling Hardware Nondeterminism
243. NeurIPS 2024Parallelizing Linear Transformers with the Delta Rule over Sequence Length
244. NeurIPS 2024Perplexity-aware Correction for Robust Alignment with Noisy Preferences
245. NeurIPS 2024Procedure-Aware Surgical Video-language Pretraining with Hierarchical Knowledge Augmentation
246. NeurIPS 2024Prompt Optimization with EASE? Efficient Ordering-aware Automated Selection of Exemplars
247. NeurIPS 2024QUEST: Quality-Aware Metropolis-Hastings Sampling for Machine Translation
248. NeurIPS 2024RA-PbRL: Provably Efficient Risk-Aware Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning
249. NeurIPS 2024Resource-Aware Federated Self-Supervised Learning with Global Class Representations
250. NeurIPS 2024SAMPa: Sharpness-aware Minimization Parallelized

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.