Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

263 papers, page 4 of 6

151. ICML 2024Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning for Selective Classification
152. ICML 2024Ditto: Quantization-aware Secure Inference of Transformers upon MPC
153. ICML 2024Drug Discovery with Dynamic Goal-aware Fragments
154. ICML 2024DsDm: Model-Aware Dataset Selection with Datamodels
155. ICML 2024Efficient Precision and Recall Metrics for Assessing Generative Models using Hubness-aware Sampling
156. ICML 2024Evaluation of LLMs on Syntax-Aware Code Fill-in-the-Middle Tasks
157. ICML 2024Explaining Graph Neural Networks via Structure-aware Interaction Index
158. ICML 2024Fast Peer Adaptation with Context-aware Exploration
159. ICML 2024Gated Linear Attention Transformers with Hardware-Efficient Training
160. ICML 2024Geometry-Aware Instrumental Variable Regression
161. ICML 2024Hierarchical Neural Operator Transformer with Learnable Frequency-aware Loss Prior for Arbitrary-scale Super-resolution
162. ICML 2024Improving Sharpness-Aware Minimization by Lookahead
163. ICML 2024Integrated Hardware Architecture and Device Placement Search
164. ICML 2024Knowledge-aware Reinforced Language Models for Protein Directed Evolution
165. ICML 2024Layer-Aware Analysis of Catastrophic Overfitting: Revealing the Pseudo-Robust Shortcut Dependency
166. ICML 2024Learning Scale-Aware Spatio-temporal Implicit Representation for Event-based Motion Deblurring
167. ICML 2024Learning Solution-Aware Transformers for Efficiently Solving Quadratic Assignment Problem
168. ICML 2024Learning to Predict Mutational Effects of Protein-Protein Interactions by Microenvironment-aware Hierarchical Prompt Learning
169. ICML 2024Locally Estimated Global Perturbations are Better than Local Perturbations for Federated Sharpness-aware Minimization
170. ICML 2024Lookbehind-SAM: k steps back, 1 step forward
171. ICML 2024MagicPose: Realistic Human Poses and Facial Expressions Retargeting with Identity-aware Diffusion
172. ICML 2024MS-TIP: Imputation Aware Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
173. ICML 2024Noise-Aware Algorithm for Heterogeneous Differentially Private Federated Learning
174. ICML 2024On the Duality Between Sharpness-Aware Minimization and Adversarial Training
175. ICML 2024On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learning
176. ICML 2024On the Maximal Local Disparity of Fairness-Aware Classifiers
177. ICML 2024Outlier-aware Slicing for Post-Training Quantization in Vision Transformer
178. ICML 2024PANDA: Expanded Width-Aware Message Passing Beyond Rewiring
179. ICML 2024PAPM: A Physics-aware Proxy Model for Process Systems
180. ICML 2024Privately Learning Smooth Distributions on the Hypercube by Projections
181. ICML 2024QUEST: Query-Aware Sparsity for Efficient Long-Context LLM Inference
182. ICML 2024Reshape and Adapt for Output Quantization (RAOQ): Quantization-aware Training for In-memory Computing Systems
183. ICML 2024Risk Aware Benchmarking of Large Language Models
184. ICML 2024SAMformer: Unlocking the Potential of Transformers in Time Series Forecasting with Sharpness-Aware Minimization and Channel-Wise Attention
185. ICML 2024Short-Long Convolutions Help Hardware-Efficient Linear Attention to Focus on Long Sequences
186. ICML 2024Split-Ensemble: Efficient OOD-aware Ensemble via Task and Model Splitting
187. ICML 2024Structure-Aware E(3)-Invariant Molecular Conformer Aggregation Networks
188. ICML 2024Task-aware Orthogonal Sparse Network for Exploring Shared Knowledge in Continual Learning
189. ICML 2024TimeMIL: Advancing Multivariate Time Series Classification via a Time-aware Multiple Instance Learning
190. ICML 2024TinyTrain: Resource-Aware Task-Adaptive Sparse Training of DNNs at the Data-Scarce Edge
191. ICML 2024Trust the Model Where It Trusts Itself - Model-Based Actor-Critic with Uncertainty-Aware Rollout Adaption
192. ICML 2024Uncertainty Estimation by Density Aware Evidential Deep Learning
193. ICML 2024Variational Partial Group Convolutions for Input-Aware Partial Equivariance of Rotations and Color-Shifts
194. ICML 2024Winner-takes-all learners are geometry-aware conditional density estimators
195. NeurIPS 2024$\boldsymbol{\mu}\mathbf{P^2}$: Effective Sharpness Aware Minimization Requires Layerwise Perturbation Scaling
196. NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Bifr\"ost}$: 3D-Aware Image Compositing with Language Instructions
197. NeurIPS 2024A Consistency-Aware Spot-Guided Transformer for Versatile and Hierarchical Point Cloud Registration
198. NeurIPS 2024A Single-Step, Sharpness-Aware Minimization is All You Need to Achieve Efficient and Accurate Sparse Training
199. NeurIPS 2024A Topology-aware Graph Coarsening Framework for Continual Graph Learning
200. NeurIPS 2024A2PO: Towards Effective Offline Reinforcement Learning from an Advantage-aware Perspective

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.