Counterfactual Fairness papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Counterfactual Fairness fell from 31 papers in 2023 to 21 in 2026, so interest is cooling.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Counterfactual Fairness work: 39 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Counterfactual Explanation: papers tagged with both rose from 8 in 2023 to 10 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Causal and Fairness, it ranks #5 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Causal Discovery, is up 2.4x versus 0.7x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026CounterFlowNet: From Minimal Changes to Meaningful Counterfactual Explanations
• ICML 2026Density-Guided Robust Counterfactual Explanations on Tabular Data under Model Multiplicity
• ICLR 2026Counterfactual Explanations on Robust Perceptual Geodesics
• NeurIPS 2025Statistical Parity with Exponential Weights
• ICML 2025Causal Logistic Bandits with Counterfactual Fairness Constraints
• ICLR 2025Certifying Counterfactual Bias in LLMs
• NeurIPS 2024Reproducibility Study: Equal Improvability: A New Fairness Notion Considering the Long-Term Impact
• ICML 2024CF-OPT: Counterfactual Explanations for Structured Prediction
• ICLR 2024Counterfactual Density Estimation using Kernel Stein Discrepancies
• CVPR 2024FADES: Fair Disentanglement with Sensitive Relevance
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Fairness Guarantees under Demographic Shift
• ICML 2023Counterfactual Analysis in Dynamic Latent State Models
• ICLR 2023FairGBM: Gradient Boosting with Fairness Constraints
• CVPR 2023Improving Fairness in Facial Albedo Estimation via Visual-Textual Cues
• NeurIPS 2026Offloading Score: Measuring AI Reliance through Counterfactual Workflows
• ICML 2026The Fairness Hierarchy: A viewpoint from causal inference
• ICLR 2026Counterfactual LLM-based Framework for Measuring Rhetorical Style
• NeurIPS 2025On Hierarchies of Fairness Notions in Cake Cutting: From Proportionality to Super Envy-Freeness
• ICML 2025Counterfactual Graphical Models: Constraints and Inference
• ICLR 2025Towards counterfactual fairness through auxiliary variables

All Counterfactual Fairness papers

31 papers, page 1 of 1

1. CVPR 2024FADES: Fair Disentanglement with Sensitive Relevance
2. CVPR 2024Looking Similar Sounding Different: Leveraging Counterfactual Cross-Modal Pairs for Audiovisual Representation Learning
3. CVPR 2024Revisiting Counterfactual Problems in Referring Expression Comprehension
4. ICLR 2024Counterfactual Density Estimation using Kernel Stein Discrepancies
5. ICLR 2024Dynamic Discounted Counterfactual Regret Minimization
6. ICLR 2024Fair Classifiers that Abstain without Harm
7. ICLR 2024fairret: a Framework for Differentiable Fairness Regularization Terms
8. ICLR 2024Towards Eliminating Hard Label Constraints in Gradient Inversion Attacks
9. ICML 2024A Dual-module Framework for Counterfactual Estimation over Time
10. ICML 2024An Empirical Examination of Balancing Strategy for Counterfactual Estimation on Time Series
11. ICML 2024CF-OPT: Counterfactual Explanations for Structured Prediction
12. ICML 2024Do Large Code Models Understand Programming Concepts? Counterfactual Analysis for Code Predicates
13. ICML 2024Do Models Explain Themselves? Counterfactual Simulatability of Natural Language Explanations
14. ICML 2024Fair Risk Control: A Generalized Framework for Calibrating Multi-group Fairness Risks
15. ICML 2024FRAPPÉ: A Group Fairness Framework for Post-Processing Everything
16. ICML 2024How Far Can Fairness Constraints Help Recover From Biased Data?
17. ICML 2024Monotone Individual Fairness
18. ICML 2024Refined Coreset Selection: Towards Minimal Coreset Size under Model Performance Constraints
19. ICML 2024Standardized Interpretable Fairness Measures for Continuous Risk Scores
20. NeurIPS 2024ABCFair: an Adaptable Benchmark approach for Comparing Fairness Methods
21. NeurIPS 2024Counterfactual Fairness by Combining Factual and Counterfactual Predictions
22. NeurIPS 2024Do Counterfactually Fair Image Classifiers Satisfy Group Fairness? -- A Theoretical and Empirical Study
23. NeurIPS 2024OxonFair: A Flexible Toolkit for Algorithmic Fairness
24. NeurIPS 2024Proportional Fairness in Non-Centroid Clustering
25. NeurIPS 2024Regression under demographic parity constraints via unlabeled post-processing
26. NeurIPS 2024Reproducibility Study: Equal Improvability: A New Fairness Notion Considering the Long-Term Impact
27. NeurIPS 2024Statistical Inference for Fairness Auditing
28. NeurIPS 2024The Fairness-Quality Tradeoff in Clustering
29. NeurIPS 2024The Fragility of Fairness: Causal Sensitivity Analysis for Fair Machine Learning
30. NeurIPS 2024Towards Harmless Rawlsian Fairness Regardless of Demographic Prior
31. NeurIPS 2024When is Multicalibration Post-Processing Necessary?

FAQ

How many Counterfactual Fairness papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

102 in total: 31 in 2023, 31 in 2024, 19 in 2025, 21 in 2026.

How many Counterfactual Fairness papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 10 Counterfactual Fairness papers, versus 5 the year before.

How many Counterfactual Fairness papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 4 Counterfactual Fairness papers, versus 6 the year before.

How many Counterfactual Fairness papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 7 Counterfactual Fairness papers, versus 8 the year before.

How many Counterfactual Fairness papers are at CVPR 2024?

CVPR 2024 has 3 Counterfactual Fairness papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Counterfactual Fairness papers?

NeurIPS, with 39 papers from 2023 to 2026.