Clinical NLP papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Clinical NLP went from 15 papers in 2023 to 48 in 2026, roughly 3.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Clinical NLP work: 48 papers from 2023 to 2026, 47% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 14 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Health and Life Sciences, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Medical Imaging, is up 2.9x versus 3.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026Artificial Aphasias in Lesioned Language Models
• ICML 2026NBCG: Nash-Bargained Causal Game for Long-Tailed Multi-Label NLP
• ICLR 2026Benchmarking ECG Foundational Models: A Reality Check Across Clinical Tasks
• CVPR 2026Med-CMR A Fine-Grained Benchmark Integrating Visual Evidence and Clinical Logic
• NeurIPS 2025Timely Clinical Diagnosis through Active Test Selection
• ICML 2025Doubly Protected Estimation for Survival Outcomes Utilizing External Controls for Randomized Clinical Trials
• ICLR 2025Effective post-training embedding compression via temperature control in contrastive training
• NeurIPS 2024Newswire: A Large-Scale Structured Database of a Century of Historical News
• ICML 2024Contrastive Learning for Clinical Outcome Prediction with Partial Data Sources
• ICLR 2024Faithful Explanations of Black-box NLP Models Using LLM-generated Counterfactuals
• NeurIPS 2023Text Alignment Is An Efficient Unified Model for Massive NLP Tasks
• ICML 2023Prefer to Classify: Improving Text Classifiers via Auxiliary Preference Learning
• ICLR 2023KnowDA: All-in-One Knowledge Mixture Model for Data Augmentation in Low-Resource NLP
• NeurIPS 2026Can Bits Seal Language?
• ICML 2026Attention Hijacking: Backdooring Text Dataset Distillation via Semantic Anchors
• ICLR 2026AP-OOD: Attention Pooling for Out-of- Distribution Detection
• CVPR 2026X-PCR A Benchmark for Cross-modality Progressive Clinical Reasoning in Ophthalmic
• NeurIPS 2025ClinBench: A Standardized Multi-Domain Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinical Information Extraction
• ICML 2025EEG-Language Pretraining for Highly Label-Efficient Clinical Phenotyping
• ICLR 2025Not All LLM-Generated Data Are Equal: Rethinking Data Weighting in Text Classification

All Clinical NLP papers

48 papers, page 1 of 1

1. NeurIPS 2026Artificial Aphasias in Lesioned Language Models
2. NeurIPS 2026Bypassing PC1 Makes SAEs More Reproducible
3. NeurIPS 2026Can Bits Seal Language?
4. NeurIPS 2026CardioLens: Revealing the Clinical Reality Gap of MLLMs via Multi-Sequence Cardiac MRI Evaluations
5. NeurIPS 2026CLEF: EEG Foundation Models for Learning Clinical Semantics
6. NeurIPS 2026DoAtlas-1: A Causal Compilation Paradigm for Clinical AI
7. NeurIPS 2026ECG-Reasoning-Benchmark: A Benchmark for Evaluating Clinical Reasoning Capabilities in ECG Interpretation
8. NeurIPS 2026EHRNote-ChatQA: A Benchmark for Evidence-Grounded Multi-Turn Clinical Question Answering over Longitudinal Discharge Summaries
9. NeurIPS 2026M4Bench: Evaluating Procedural Specification for Clinical EHR Derivation Agents
10. NeurIPS 2026MedEvoEval: Evaluating Continual Evolution of Doctor Agents through Simulated Clinical Episodes
11. NeurIPS 2026MedExAgent: Training LLM Agents to Ask, Examine, and Diagnose in Noisy Clinical Environments
12. NeurIPS 2026MedHEB: Benchmarking Medical Embeddings Across Heterogeneous Clinical Evidence
13. NeurIPS 2026MentalHospital: A Virtual Environment for Evaluating Psychiatric Clinical Encounters
14. NeurIPS 2026Neural Signals Generate Clinical Notes in the Wild
15. NeurIPS 2026NeuroAtlas: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Clinical EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
16. NeurIPS 2026NPCBench: A Clinical Apprenticeship Benchmark for Guideline-Constrained Care-Pathway Reasoning in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
17. NeurIPS 2026REINS: Learning Inertia-Induced Geometry for Physics-Consistent Motion Representation in Clinical Gait Phenotyping
18. NeurIPS 2026Risk Horizons: Structured Hypothesis Spaces for Longitudinal Clinical Prediction
19. NeurIPS 2026Semantic-Level Invariant Representation Learning for Cross-Hospital Clinical EEG Modeling
20. NeurIPS 2026Temporal Island Sparse Autoencoders for Interpreting Clinical Time-Series Models
21. NeurIPS 2026TherapyGym: Evaluating and Aligning Clinical Fidelity and Safety in Therapy Chatbots
22. NeurIPS 2026Towards Error-Free EHRs: Reasoning-Intensive Consistency Verification Between Clinical Notes and Structured Tables in Electronic Health Records
23. NeurIPS 2026TrialAgentBench: Evaluating AI Agents for Clinical-Trial Analysis and Long-Horizon Drug-Development Decisions
24. NeurIPS 2026What Does the AI Doctor Value? Auditing Pluralism in the Clinical Ethics of Language Models
25. NeurIPS 2025Aligning Evaluation with Clinical Priorities: Calibration, Label Shift, and Error Costs
26. NeurIPS 2025Belief-Calibrated Multi-Agent Consensus Seeking for Complex NLP Tasks
27. NeurIPS 2025Care-PD: A Multi-Site Anonymized Clinical Dataset for Parkinson’s Disease Gait Assessment
28. NeurIPS 2025ClinBench: A Standardized Multi-Domain Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinical Information Extraction
29. NeurIPS 2025Democratizing Clinical Risk Prediction with Cross-Cohort Cross-Modal Knowledge Transfer
30. NeurIPS 2025Language Models Can Predict Their Own Behavior
31. NeurIPS 2025MTBBench: A Multimodal Sequential Clinical Decision-Making Benchmark in Oncology
32. NeurIPS 2025Theoretical Benefit and Limitation of Diffusion Language Model
33. NeurIPS 2025Timely Clinical Diagnosis through Active Test Selection
34. NeurIPS 2024A teacher-teacher framework for clinical language representation learning
35. NeurIPS 2024DiReCT: Diagnostic Reasoning for Clinical Notes via Large Language Models
36. NeurIPS 2024EHRNoteQA: An LLM Benchmark for Real-World Clinical Practice Using Discharge Summaries
37. NeurIPS 2024FinBen: A Holistic Financial Benchmark for Large Language Models
38. NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning Large Language Models to Understand Electronic Health Records
39. NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning With Loss Over Instructions
40. NeurIPS 2024MedJourney: Benchmark and Evaluation of Large Language Models over Patient Clinical Journey
41. NeurIPS 2024Newswire: A Large-Scale Structured Database of a Century of Historical News
42. NeurIPS 2024Speaking Your Language: Spatial Relationships in Interpretable Emergent Communication
43. NeurIPS 2024The Scandinavian Embedding Benchmarks: Comprehensive Assessment of Multilingual and Monolingual Text Embedding
44. NeurIPS 2023An NLP Benchmark Dataset for Assessing Corporate Climate Policy Engagement
45. NeurIPS 2023Data Augmentations for Improved (Large) Language Model Generalization
46. NeurIPS 2023ParaFuzz: An Interpretability-Driven Technique for Detecting Poisoned Samples in NLP
47. NeurIPS 2023Softmax Output Approximation for Activation Memory-Efficient Training of Attention-based Networks
48. NeurIPS 2023Text Alignment Is An Efficient Unified Model for Massive NLP Tasks

FAQ

How many Clinical NLP papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

103 in total: 15 in 2023, 22 in 2024, 18 in 2025, 48 in 2026.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 24 Clinical NLP papers, versus 9 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 12 Clinical NLP papers, versus 7 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 10 Clinical NLP papers, versus 2 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 2 Clinical NLP papers.

Which conference publishes the most Clinical NLP papers?

NeurIPS, with 48 papers from 2023 to 2026.