Clinical NLP papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Clinical NLP went from 15 papers in 2023 to 48 in 2026, roughly 3.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Clinical NLP work: 48 papers from 2023 to 2026, 47% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 14 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Health and Life Sciences, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Medical Imaging, is up 2.9x versus 3.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026Artificial Aphasias in Lesioned Language Models
• ICML 2026NBCG: Nash-Bargained Causal Game for Long-Tailed Multi-Label NLP
• ICLR 2026Benchmarking ECG Foundational Models: A Reality Check Across Clinical Tasks
• CVPR 2026Med-CMR A Fine-Grained Benchmark Integrating Visual Evidence and Clinical Logic
• NeurIPS 2025Timely Clinical Diagnosis through Active Test Selection
• ICML 2025Doubly Protected Estimation for Survival Outcomes Utilizing External Controls for Randomized Clinical Trials
• ICLR 2025Effective post-training embedding compression via temperature control in contrastive training
• NeurIPS 2024Newswire: A Large-Scale Structured Database of a Century of Historical News
• ICML 2024Contrastive Learning for Clinical Outcome Prediction with Partial Data Sources
• ICLR 2024Faithful Explanations of Black-box NLP Models Using LLM-generated Counterfactuals
• NeurIPS 2023Text Alignment Is An Efficient Unified Model for Massive NLP Tasks
• ICML 2023Prefer to Classify: Improving Text Classifiers via Auxiliary Preference Learning
• ICLR 2023KnowDA: All-in-One Knowledge Mixture Model for Data Augmentation in Low-Resource NLP
• NeurIPS 2026Can Bits Seal Language?
• ICML 2026Attention Hijacking: Backdooring Text Dataset Distillation via Semantic Anchors
• ICLR 2026AP-OOD: Attention Pooling for Out-of- Distribution Detection
• CVPR 2026X-PCR A Benchmark for Cross-modality Progressive Clinical Reasoning in Ophthalmic
• NeurIPS 2025ClinBench: A Standardized Multi-Domain Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinical Information Extraction
• ICML 2025EEG-Language Pretraining for Highly Label-Efficient Clinical Phenotyping
• ICLR 2025Not All LLM-Generated Data Are Equal: Rethinking Data Weighting in Text Classification

All Clinical NLP papers

103 papers, page 2 of 3

51. ICLR 2025Fiddler: CPU-GPU Orchestration for Fast Inference of Mixture-of-Experts Models
52. ICLR 2025Not All LLM-Generated Data Are Equal: Rethinking Data Weighting in Text Classification
53. ICLR 2025Regretful Decisions under Label Noise
54. ICLR 2025Repetition Improves Language Model Embeddings
55. ICLR 2025The Foundations of Tokenization: Statistical and Computational Concerns
56. ICML 2025Doubly Protected Estimation for Survival Outcomes Utilizing External Controls for Randomized Clinical Trials
57. ICML 2025EEG-Language Pretraining for Highly Label-Efficient Clinical Phenotyping
58. NeurIPS 2025Aligning Evaluation with Clinical Priorities: Calibration, Label Shift, and Error Costs
59. NeurIPS 2025Belief-Calibrated Multi-Agent Consensus Seeking for Complex NLP Tasks
60. NeurIPS 2025Care-PD: A Multi-Site Anonymized Clinical Dataset for Parkinson’s Disease Gait Assessment
61. NeurIPS 2025ClinBench: A Standardized Multi-Domain Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinical Information Extraction
62. NeurIPS 2025Democratizing Clinical Risk Prediction with Cross-Cohort Cross-Modal Knowledge Transfer
63. NeurIPS 2025Language Models Can Predict Their Own Behavior
64. NeurIPS 2025MTBBench: A Multimodal Sequential Clinical Decision-Making Benchmark in Oncology
65. NeurIPS 2025Theoretical Benefit and Limitation of Diffusion Language Model
66. NeurIPS 2025Timely Clinical Diagnosis through Active Test Selection
67. ICLR 2024Branch-GAN: Improving Text Generation with (not so) Large Language Models
68. ICLR 2024Closing the Curious Case of Neural Text Degeneration
69. ICLR 2024Diagnosing Transformers: Illuminating Feature Spaces for Clinical Decision-Making
70. ICLR 2024Faithful Explanations of Black-box NLP Models Using LLM-generated Counterfactuals
71. ICLR 2024SEA: Sparse Linear Attention with Estimated Attention Mask
72. ICLR 2024What's In My Big Data?
73. ICLR 2024Yet Another ICU Benchmark: A Flexible Multi-Center Framework for Clinical ML
74. ICLR 2024Zoology: Measuring and Improving Recall in Efficient Language Models
75. ICML 2024Contrastive Learning for Clinical Outcome Prediction with Partial Data Sources
76. ICML 2024Faithfulness Measurable Masked Language Models
77. ICML 2024Safe Exploration in Dose Finding Clinical Trials with Heterogeneous Participants
78. ICML 2024Zero-Shot ECG Classification with Multimodal Learning and Test-time Clinical Knowledge Enhancement
79. NeurIPS 2024A teacher-teacher framework for clinical language representation learning
80. NeurIPS 2024DiReCT: Diagnostic Reasoning for Clinical Notes via Large Language Models
81. NeurIPS 2024EHRNoteQA: An LLM Benchmark for Real-World Clinical Practice Using Discharge Summaries
82. NeurIPS 2024FinBen: A Holistic Financial Benchmark for Large Language Models
83. NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning Large Language Models to Understand Electronic Health Records
84. NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning With Loss Over Instructions
85. NeurIPS 2024MedJourney: Benchmark and Evaluation of Large Language Models over Patient Clinical Journey
86. NeurIPS 2024Newswire: A Large-Scale Structured Database of a Century of Historical News
87. NeurIPS 2024Speaking Your Language: Spatial Relationships in Interpretable Emergent Communication
88. NeurIPS 2024The Scandinavian Embedding Benchmarks: Comprehensive Assessment of Multilingual and Monolingual Text Embedding
89. ICLR 2023KnowDA: All-in-One Knowledge Mixture Model for Data Augmentation in Low-Resource NLP
90. ICLR 2023Language Modelling with Pixels
91. ICLR 2023Leveraging Large Language Models for Multiple Choice Question Answering
92. ICLR 2023Linear Connectivity Reveals Generalization Strategies
93. ICLR 2023Linearly Mapping from Image to Text Space
94. ICLR 2023Text Summarization with Oracle Expectation
95. ICLR 2023TextGrad: Advancing Robustness Evaluation in NLP by Gradient-Driven Optimization
96. ICLR 2023WikiWhy: Answering and Explaining Cause-and-Effect Questions
97. ICML 2023Prefer to Classify: Improving Text Classifiers via Auxiliary Preference Learning
98. ICML 2023Sequential Multi-Dimensional Self-Supervised Learning for Clinical Time Series
99. NeurIPS 2023An NLP Benchmark Dataset for Assessing Corporate Climate Policy Engagement
100. NeurIPS 2023Data Augmentations for Improved (Large) Language Model Generalization

FAQ

How many Clinical NLP papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

103 in total: 15 in 2023, 22 in 2024, 18 in 2025, 48 in 2026.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 24 Clinical NLP papers, versus 9 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 12 Clinical NLP papers, versus 7 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 10 Clinical NLP papers, versus 2 the year before.

How many Clinical NLP papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 2 Clinical NLP papers.

Which conference publishes the most Clinical NLP papers?

NeurIPS, with 48 papers from 2023 to 2026.