Backdoor Attacks papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Backdoor Attacks went from 73 papers in 2023 to 111 in 2026, roughly 1.5x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Backdoor Attacks work: 124 papers from 2023 to 2026, 33% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Alignment and Safety: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 16 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Security and Trust, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Watermarking, is up 9.3x versus 1.5x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Theoretical Analysis of Backdoor Learning as Simplicity-Biased Optimization Dynamics
• ICML 2026Coupled Trigger Optimization and Vulnerable Parameter Alignment for Persistent Backdoor Attacks on Federated Learning
• ICLR 2026Defending against Backdoor Attacks via Module Switching
• CVPR 2026Eliminate Distance Differences Induced by Backdoor Attacks Layer-Selective Training and
• NeurIPS 2025A Set of Generalized Components to Achieve Effective Poison-only Clean-label Backdoor Attacks with Collaborative Sample Selection and Triggers
• ICML 2025A Closer Look at Backdoor Attacks on CLIP
• ICLR 2025Activation Gradient based Poisoned Sample Detection Against Backdoor Attacks
• CVPR 2025BadToken: Token-level Backdoor Attacks to Multi-modal Large Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024Reproducibility Study on Adversarial Attacks Against Robust Transformer Trackers
• ICML 2024Better Safe than Sorry: Pre-training CLIP against Targeted Data Poisoning and Backdoor Attacks
• ICLR 2024Adversarial Feature Map Pruning for Backdoor
• CVPR 2024Data Poisoning based Backdoor Attacks to Contrastive Learning
• NeurIPS 2023A Unified Detection Framework for Inference-Stage Backdoor Defenses
• ICML 2023Data Poisoning Attacks Against Multimodal Encoders
• ICLR 2023Adversarial Attacks on Adversarial Bandits
• CVPR 2023Architectural Backdoors in Neural Networks
• NeurIPS 2026AI Models Can Provably Hide Arbitrary Capabilities
• ICML 2026DF-LoGiT: Data-Free Logic-Gated Backdoor Attacks in Vision Transformers
• ICLR 2026Don't Shift the Trigger: Robust Gradient Ascent for Backdoor Unlearning
• CVPR 2026Logit-Margin Repulsion for Backdoor Defense

All Backdoor Attacks papers

87 papers, page 1 of 2

1. ICLR 2026BEAT: Visual Backdoor Attacks on VLM-based Embodied Agents via Contrastive Trigger Learning
2. ICLR 2026Beware Untrusted Simulators -- Reward-Free Backdoor Attacks in Reinforcement Learning
3. ICLR 2026Black-Box Privacy Attacks on Shared Representations in Multitask Learning
4. ICLR 2026Curation Leaks: Membership Inference Attacks against Data Curation for Machine Learning
5. ICLR 2026Defending against Backdoor Attacks via Module Switching
6. ICLR 2026Detecting Temporal Misalignment Attacks in Multimodal Fusion for Autonomous Driving
7. ICLR 2026Don't Shift the Trigger: Robust Gradient Ascent for Backdoor Unlearning
8. ICLR 2026Membership Inference Attacks Against Fine-tuned Diffusion Language Models
9. ICLR 2026Mitigating Safety Fallback in Editing-based Backdoor Injection on LLMs
10. ICLR 2026No Prior, No Leakage: Revisiting Reconstruction Attacks in Trained Neural Networks
11. ICLR 2026No, of Course I Can! Deeper Fine-Tuning Attacks That Bypass Token-Level Safety Mechanisms
12. ICLR 2026Protection against Source Inference Attacks in Federated Learning
13. ICLR 2026Purifying Generative LLMs from Backdoors without Prior Knowledge or Clean Reference
14. ICLR 2026Reliable Poisoned Sample Detection against Backdoor Attacks Enhanced by Sharpness Aware Minimization
15. ICLR 2026ReTrace: Reinforcement Learning-Guided Reconstruction Attacks on Machine Unlearning
16. ICLR 2026SABRE-FL: Selective and Accurate Backdoor Rejection for Federated Prompt Learning
17. ICLR 2026STEDiff: Revealing the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy of Backdoor Attacks in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
18. ICLR 2026Test-Time Poisoned Sample Detection by Exploiting Shallow Malicious Matching in Backdoored CLIP
19. ICLR 2026TrojanTO: Action-Level Backdoor Attacks Against Trajectory Optimization Models
20. ICLR 2026Unmasking Backdoors: An Explainable Defense via Gradient-Attention Anomaly Scoring for Pre-trained Language Models
21. ICLR 2025Activation Gradient based Poisoned Sample Detection Against Backdoor Attacks
22. ICLR 2025Adversarial Training for Defense Against Label Poisoning Attacks
23. ICLR 2025Agent Security Bench (ASB): Formalizing and Benchmarking Attacks and Defenses in LLM-based Agents
24. ICLR 2025AI2TALE: An Innovative Information Theory-based Approach for Learning to Localize Phishing Attacks
25. ICLR 2025Bad-PFL: Exploiting Backdoor Attacks against Personalized Federated Learning
26. ICLR 2025Beyond Mere Token Analysis: A Hypergraph Metric Space Framework for Defending Against Socially Engineered LLM Attacks
27. ICLR 2025Can We Trust Embodied Agents? Exploring Backdoor Attacks against Embodied LLM-Based Decision-Making Systems
28. ICLR 2025Certifying Language Model Robustness with Fuzzed Randomized Smoothing: An Efficient Defense Against Backdoor Attacks
29. ICLR 2025Concept-ROT: Poisoning Concepts in Large Language Models with Model Editing
30. ICLR 2025Detecting Backdoor Samples in Contrastive Language Image Pretraining
31. ICLR 2025DocMIA: Document-Level Membership Inference Attacks against DocVQA Models
32. ICLR 2025Energy-based Backdoor Defense Against Federated Graph Learning
33. ICLR 2025GPromptShield: Elevating Resilience in Graph Prompt Tuning Against Adversarial Attacks
34. ICLR 2025Humanizing the Machine: Proxy Attacks to Mislead LLM Detectors
35. ICLR 2025Injecting Universal Jailbreak Backdoors into LLMs in Minutes
36. ICLR 2025Machine Unlearning Fails to Remove Data Poisoning Attacks
37. ICLR 2025Mind Control through Causal Inference: Predicting Clean Images from Poisoned Data
38. ICLR 2025Probe before You Talk: Towards Black-box Defense against Backdoor Unalignment for Large Language Models
39. ICLR 2025Protecting against simultaneous data poisoning attacks
40. ICLR 2025Provably Robust Explainable Graph Neural Networks against Graph Perturbation Attacks
41. ICLR 2025REFINE: Inversion-Free Backdoor Defense via Model Reprogramming
42. ICLR 2025RobustKV: Defending Large Language Models against Jailbreak Attacks via KV Eviction
43. ICLR 2025Robustness Inspired Graph Backdoor Defense
44. ICLR 2025UV-Attack: Physical-World Adversarial Attacks on Person Detection via Dynamic-NeRF-based UV Mapping
45. ICLR 2025Wicked Oddities: Selectively Poisoning for Effective Clean-Label Backdoor Attacks
46. ICLR 2024Adversarial Feature Map Pruning for Backdoor
47. ICLR 2024Backdoor Contrastive Learning via Bi-level Trigger Optimization
48. ICLR 2024Backdoor Federated Learning by Poisoning Backdoor-Critical Layers
49. ICLR 2024Backdoor Secrets Unveiled: Identifying Backdoor Data with Optimized Scaled Prediction Consistency
50. ICLR 2024BadChain: Backdoor Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Large Language Models

FAQ

How many Backdoor Attacks papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

381 in total: 73 in 2023, 105 in 2024, 92 in 2025, 111 in 2026.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 36 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 31 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 20 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 25 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 36 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 17 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 19 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 19 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Backdoor Attacks papers?

NeurIPS, with 124 papers from 2023 to 2026.