Backdoor Attacks papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Backdoor Attacks went from 73 papers in 2023 to 111 in 2026, roughly 1.5x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Backdoor Attacks work: 124 papers from 2023 to 2026, 33% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Alignment and Safety: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 16 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Security and Trust, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Watermarking, is up 9.3x versus 1.5x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Theoretical Analysis of Backdoor Learning as Simplicity-Biased Optimization Dynamics
• ICML 2026Coupled Trigger Optimization and Vulnerable Parameter Alignment for Persistent Backdoor Attacks on Federated Learning
• ICLR 2026Defending against Backdoor Attacks via Module Switching
• CVPR 2026Eliminate Distance Differences Induced by Backdoor Attacks Layer-Selective Training and
• NeurIPS 2025A Set of Generalized Components to Achieve Effective Poison-only Clean-label Backdoor Attacks with Collaborative Sample Selection and Triggers
• ICML 2025A Closer Look at Backdoor Attacks on CLIP
• ICLR 2025Activation Gradient based Poisoned Sample Detection Against Backdoor Attacks
• CVPR 2025BadToken: Token-level Backdoor Attacks to Multi-modal Large Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024Reproducibility Study on Adversarial Attacks Against Robust Transformer Trackers
• ICML 2024Better Safe than Sorry: Pre-training CLIP against Targeted Data Poisoning and Backdoor Attacks
• ICLR 2024Adversarial Feature Map Pruning for Backdoor
• CVPR 2024Data Poisoning based Backdoor Attacks to Contrastive Learning
• NeurIPS 2023A Unified Detection Framework for Inference-Stage Backdoor Defenses
• ICML 2023Data Poisoning Attacks Against Multimodal Encoders
• ICLR 2023Adversarial Attacks on Adversarial Bandits
• CVPR 2023Architectural Backdoors in Neural Networks
• NeurIPS 2026AI Models Can Provably Hide Arbitrary Capabilities
• ICML 2026DF-LoGiT: Data-Free Logic-Gated Backdoor Attacks in Vision Transformers
• ICLR 2026Don't Shift the Trigger: Robust Gradient Ascent for Backdoor Unlearning
• CVPR 2026Logit-Margin Repulsion for Backdoor Defense

All Backdoor Attacks papers

380 papers, page 1 of 8

1. CVPR 2026AdapAction Adaptive Target Action Backdoor Attack against GUI Agents
2. CVPR 2026AntiStyler Defending Object Detection Models Against Adversarial Patch Attacks Using
3. CVPR 2026BlackMirror Black-Box Backdoor Detection for Text-to-Image Models via Instruction-Response Deviation
4. CVPR 2026Eliminate Distance Differences Induced by Backdoor Attacks Layer-Selective Training and
5. CVPR 2026Exposing Functional Fusion A New Class of Strategic Backdoor in
6. CVPR 2026FORCE Transferable Visual Jailbreaking Attacks via Feature Over-Reliance CorrEction
7. CVPR 2026Fractal Camouflage A Bio-Inspired Approach for Multi-Scale Adversarial Attacks in
8. CVPR 2026Good Can Sometimes be Bad A Unified Attack against 3D
9. CVPR 2026IAG Input-aware Backdoor Attack on VLM-based Visual Grounding
10. CVPR 2026Logit-Margin Repulsion for Backdoor Defense
11. CVPR 2026Out of Sight Out of Track Adversarial Attacks on Propagation-based
12. CVPR 2026Phantom Physical Object Interactions as Dynamic Triggers for NMS-Exploited Backdoors
13. CVPR 2026RaPA Enhancing Transferable Targeted Attacks via Random Parameter Pruning
14. CVPR 2026Towards Human-Imperceptible Backdoor Attacks on Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
15. CVPR 2026Towards Robust Multimodal Large Language Models Against Jailbreak Attacks
16. CVPR 2026Towards Stealthy and Effective Backdoor Attacks on Lane Detection A
17. CVPR 2026VCP-Attack Visual-Contrastive Projection for Transferable Black-Box Targeted Attacks on Large
18. CVPR 2026When Robots Obey the Patch Universal Transferable Patch Attacks on
19. ICLR 2026BEAT: Visual Backdoor Attacks on VLM-based Embodied Agents via Contrastive Trigger Learning
20. ICLR 2026Beware Untrusted Simulators -- Reward-Free Backdoor Attacks in Reinforcement Learning
21. ICLR 2026Black-Box Privacy Attacks on Shared Representations in Multitask Learning
22. ICLR 2026Curation Leaks: Membership Inference Attacks against Data Curation for Machine Learning
23. ICLR 2026Defending against Backdoor Attacks via Module Switching
24. ICLR 2026Detecting Temporal Misalignment Attacks in Multimodal Fusion for Autonomous Driving
25. ICLR 2026Don't Shift the Trigger: Robust Gradient Ascent for Backdoor Unlearning
26. ICLR 2026Membership Inference Attacks Against Fine-tuned Diffusion Language Models
27. ICLR 2026Mitigating Safety Fallback in Editing-based Backdoor Injection on LLMs
28. ICLR 2026No Prior, No Leakage: Revisiting Reconstruction Attacks in Trained Neural Networks
29. ICLR 2026No, of Course I Can! Deeper Fine-Tuning Attacks That Bypass Token-Level Safety Mechanisms
30. ICLR 2026Protection against Source Inference Attacks in Federated Learning
31. ICLR 2026Purifying Generative LLMs from Backdoors without Prior Knowledge or Clean Reference
32. ICLR 2026Reliable Poisoned Sample Detection against Backdoor Attacks Enhanced by Sharpness Aware Minimization
33. ICLR 2026ReTrace: Reinforcement Learning-Guided Reconstruction Attacks on Machine Unlearning
34. ICLR 2026SABRE-FL: Selective and Accurate Backdoor Rejection for Federated Prompt Learning
35. ICLR 2026STEDiff: Revealing the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy of Backdoor Attacks in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
36. ICLR 2026Test-Time Poisoned Sample Detection by Exploiting Shallow Malicious Matching in Backdoored CLIP
37. ICLR 2026TrojanTO: Action-Level Backdoor Attacks Against Trajectory Optimization Models
38. ICLR 2026Unmasking Backdoors: An Explainable Defense via Gradient-Attention Anomaly Scoring for Pre-trained Language Models
39. ICML 2026Angel or Demon: Investigating the Plasticity Interventions' Impact on Backdoor Threats in Deep Reinforcement Learning
40. ICML 2026Anti-Backdoor Coreset Selection via Cumulative Entropy
41. ICML 2026Attention Hijacking: Backdooring Text Dataset Distillation via Semantic Anchors
42. ICML 2026BOCLOAK: Optimal Transport-Guided Adversarial Attacks on Graph Neural Network-Based Bot Detection
43. ICML 2026BYORn: Bootstrap Your Own Responses to Defend Large Vision-Language Models Against Backdoor Attacks
44. ICML 2026CBV: Clean-label Backdoor Attacks on Vision Language Models via Diffusion Models
45. ICML 2026Coupled Trigger Optimization and Vulnerable Parameter Alignment for Persistent Backdoor Attacks on Federated Learning
46. ICML 2026DF-LoGiT: Data-Free Logic-Gated Backdoor Attacks in Vision Transformers
47. ICML 2026Erased but Not Forgotten: How Backdoors Compromise Concept Erasure
48. ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
49. ICML 2026From Internal Diagnosis to External Auditing: A VLM-Driven Paradigm for Data-Free Online Backdoor Defense
50. ICML 2026From Parameters to Feature Space: Task Arithmetic for Backdoor Mitigation in Model Merging

FAQ

How many Backdoor Attacks papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

381 in total: 73 in 2023, 105 in 2024, 92 in 2025, 111 in 2026.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 36 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 31 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 20 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 25 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 36 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 17 the year before.

How many Backdoor Attacks papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 19 Backdoor Attacks papers, versus 19 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Backdoor Attacks papers?

NeurIPS, with 124 papers from 2023 to 2026.