Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science went from 183 papers in 2023 to 753 in 2026, roughly 4.1x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science work: 824 papers from 2023 to 2026, 41% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 44 in 2026.
• Among the 10 topics under Application Domains, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Applications · health medicine, is up 61x versus 4.1x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Strongly) Replicable Distribution Testers imply High Probability Distribution Testers
• ICML 2026(Be Cautious!) Bio-Foundation Models Are Not Yet Robust to Biologically Plausible Perturbations and ML Transformations
• ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
• CVPR 2026Globscope Toward a Global View of the Loss Landscape
• NeurIPS 2025$\mu$PC: Scaling Predictive Coding to 100+ Layer Networks
• ICML 2025Can Biologically Plausible Temporal Credit Assignment Rules Match BPTT for Neural Similarity? E-prop as an Example
• ICLR 2025A Computational Framework for Modeling Emergence of Color Vision in the Human Brain
• CVPR 2025Blurred LiDAR for Sharper 3D: Robust Handheld 3D Scanning with Diffuse LiDAR and RGB
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{NeuroPath}$: A Neural Pathway Transformer for Joining the Dots of Human Connectomes
• ICML 2024$\bf{\Phi}_\textrm{Flow}$: Differentiable Simulations for PyTorch, TensorFlow and Jax
• ICLR 2024A Cognitive Model for Learning Abstract Relational Structures from Memory-based Decision-Making Tasks
• CVPR 2024Efficient Detection of Long Consistent Cycles and its Application to Distributed Synchronization
• NeurIPS 2023Adaptive whitening with fast gain modulation and slow synaptic plasticity
• ICML 2023Accuracy on the Curve: On the Nonlinear Correlation of ML Performance Between Data Subpopulations
• ICLR 2023A framework for benchmarking Class-out-of-distribution detection and its application to ImageNet
• CVPR 20233D Line Mapping Revisited
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathrm{Bounded\mbox{-}RS}$: A Bounded Evaluation Protocol and Testbed for Representational Systematicity
• ICML 2026A hitchhiker's guide to Poisson gradient estimation
• ICLR 2026A Brain Graph Foundation Model: Pre-Training and Prompt-Tuning across Broad Atlases and Disorders
• CVPR 2026LASAR Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map

All Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers

523 papers, page 4 of 11

151. ICLR 2026PatchDNA: A Flexible and Biologically-Informed Alternative to Tokenization for DNA
152. ICLR 2026PredNext: Explicit Cross-View Temporal Prediction for Unsupervised Learning in Spiking Neural Networks
153. ICLR 2026Pretraining with Re-parametrized Self-Attention: Unlocking Generalizationin SNN-Based Neural Decoding Across Time, Brains, and Tasks
154. ICLR 2026Private Rate-Constrained Optimization with Applications to Fair Learning
155. ICLR 2026Prompt and Parameter Co-Optimization for Large Language Models
156. ICLR 2026PromptHub: Enhancing Multi-Prompt Visual In-Context Learning with Locality-Aware Fusion, Concentration and Alignment
157. ICLR 2026PSDNorm: Temporal Normalization for Deep Learning in Sleep Staging
158. ICLR 2026Read the Room: Video Social Reasoning with Mental-Physical Causal Chains
159. ICLR 2026Readout Representation: Redefining Neural Codes by Input Recovery
160. ICLR 2026Reducing Semantic Mismatch in Brain-to-Text Decoding Through Personalized Multimodal Masking
161. ICLR 2026Reducing Symmetry Increase in Equivariant Neural Networks
162. ICLR 2026Representational Alignment Across Model Layers and Brain Regions with Hierarchical Optimal Transport
163. ICLR 2026RF-MatID: Dataset and Benchmark for Radio Frequency Material Identification
164. ICLR 2026Riemannian High-Order Pooling for Brain Foundation Models
165. ICLR 2026RoboPARA: Dual-Arm Robot Planning with Parallel Allocation and Recomposition Across Tasks
166. ICLR 2026Robust Selective Activation with Randomized Temporal K-Winner-Take-All in Spiking Neural Networks for Continual Learning
167. ICLR 2026Robust Spiking Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks
168. ICLR 2026SAFA-SNN: Sparsity-Aware On-Device Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with Fast-Adaptive Structure of Spiking Neural Network
169. ICLR 2026SafeFlowMatcher: Safe and Fast Planning using Flow Matching with Control Barrier Functions
170. ICLR 2026Scalable and Adaptive Trust-Region Learning via Projection Convex Hull
171. ICLR 2026Scaling Laws and Symmetry, Evidence from Neural Force Fields
172. ICLR 2026Sci2Pol: Evaluating and Fine-tuning LLMs on Scientific-to-Policy Brief Generation
173. ICLR 2026SciNav: A Principled Agent Framework for Scientific Coding Tasks
174. ICLR 2026Sculptor: Empowering LLMs with Cognitive Agency via Active Context Management
175. ICLR 2026SEED: Towards More Accurate Semantic Evaluation for Visual Brain Decoding
176. ICLR 2026Seeing Through the Brain: New Insights from Decoding Visual Stimuli with fMRI
177. ICLR 2026Separable Neural Networks: Approximation Theory, NTK Regime, and Preconditioned Gradient Descent
178. ICLR 2026Setting up for failure: automatic discovery of the neural mechanisms of cognitive errors
179. ICLR 2026Sheaves Reloaded: A Direction Awakening
180. ICLR 2026Shoot First, Ask Questions Later? Building Rational Agents that Explore and Act Like People
181. ICLR 2026SigmaDock: Untwisting Molecular Docking with Fragment-Based SE(3) Diffusion
182. ICLR 2026SMixer: Rethinking Efficient-Training and Event-Driven SNNs
183. ICLR 2026Spectral-guided Physical Dynamics Distillation
184. ICLR 2026Spike-based Digital Brain: a novel fundamental model for brain activity analysis
185. ICLR 2026Spiking Discrepancy Transformer for Point Cloud Analysis
186. ICLR 2026SplitLoRA: Balancing Stability and Plasticity in Continual Learning Through Gradient Space Splitting
187. ICLR 2026Spurious Correlation-Aware Embedding Regularization for Worst-Group Robustness
188. ICLR 2026Stable and Scalable Deep Predictive Coding Networks with Meta Prediction Errors
189. ICLR 2026Stretching Beyond the Obvious: A Gradient-Free Framework to Unveil the Hidden Landscape of Visual Invariance
190. ICLR 2026SubDyve: Subgraph-Driven Dynamic Propagation for Virtual Screening Enhancement Controlling False Positive
191. ICLR 2026TaCo: A Benchmark for Lossless and Lossy Codecs of Heterogeneous Tactile Data
192. ICLR 2026TAVAE: A VAE with Adaptable Priors Explains Contextual Modulation in the Visual Cortex
193. ICLR 2026Temporal Slowness in Central Vision Drives Semantic Object Learning
194. ICLR 2026Tensor learning with orthogonal, Lorentz, and symplectic symmetries
195. ICLR 2026The Achilles’ Heel of LLMs: How Altering a Handful of Neurons Can Cripple Language Abilities
196. ICLR 2026The Human Brain as a Dynamic Mixture of Expert Models in Video Understanding
197. ICLR 2026The Mind's Transformer: Computational Neuroanatomy of LLM-Brain Alignment
198. ICLR 2026The Polar Express: Optimal Matrix Sign Methods and their Application to the Muon Algorithm
199. ICLR 2026The Tutor-Pupil Augmentation: Enhancing Learning and Interpretability via Input Corrections
200. ICLR 2026Theory-Grounded Evaluation of Human-Like Fallacy Patterns in LLM Reasoning

FAQ

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,033 in total: 183 in 2023, 424 in 2024, 673 in 2025, 753 in 2026.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 227 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 342 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 229 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 151 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 263 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 157 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 34 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 23 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers?

NeurIPS, with 824 papers from 2023 to 2026.