AI Agents papers, 2023–2026
Tool-using, multi-step autonomous LLM and VLM agent systems
Scope: NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR, 2023–2026. 3,266 papers are tagged with this topic.
Key findings
- AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
- NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
- The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
- Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.
Papers per venue
Counts by year and venue
| Year | NeurIPS | ICLR | ICML | CVPR | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 76 | 40 | 41 | 13 | 170 |
| 2024 | 150 | 73 | 88 | 18 | 329 |
| 2025 | 362 | 204 | 178 | 40 | 784 |
| 2026 | 729 | 500 | 640 | 114 | 1,983 |
Representative papers
Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up
- NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
- ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
- CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
- NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
- ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
- ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
- CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
- NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
- ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
- ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
- CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
- NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
- ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
- ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
- CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
- NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
- ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
- CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning
All AI Agents papers
3,266 papers, page 47 of 66
- ICML 2025Improving Model Alignment Through Collective Intelligence of Open-Source Models
- ICML 2025Improving Parallel Program Performance with LLM Optimizers via Agent-System Interfaces
- ICML 2025Incentivize without Bonus: Provably Efficient Model-based Online Multi-agent RL for Markov Games
- ICML 2025Investigating Non-Transitivity in LLM-as-a-Judge
- ICML 2025ITBench: Evaluating AI Agents across Diverse Real-World IT Automation Tasks
- ICML 2025KABB: Knowledge-Aware Bayesian Bandits for Dynamic Expert Coordination in Multi-Agent Systems
- ICML 2025KBQA-o1: Agentic Knowledge Base Question Answering with Monte Carlo Tree Search
- ICML 2025Large Language Model-driven Large Neighborhood Search for Large-Scale MILP Problems
- ICML 2025LARM: Large Auto-Regressive Model for Long-Horizon Embodied Intelligence
- ICML 2025Learning Cascade Ranking as One Network
- ICML 2025Learning Mean Field Control on Sparse Graphs
- ICML 2025Learning Progress Driven Multi-Agent Curriculum
- ICML 2025Learning Strategic Language Agents in the Werewolf Game with Iterative Latent Space Policy Optimization
- ICML 2025Learning to Incentivize in Repeated Principal-Agent Problems with Adversarial Agent Arrivals
- ICML 2025Learning to Stop: Deep Learning for Mean Field Optimal Stopping
- ICML 2025Let LLM Tell What to Prune and How Much to Prune
- ICML 2025Linear Contextual Bandits With Interference
- ICML 2025LLM-Assisted Semantically Diverse Teammate Generation for Efficient Multi-agent Coordination
- ICML 2025M³HF: Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning from Multi-phase Human Feedback of Mixed Quality
- ICML 2025MAGELLAN: Metacognitive predictions of learning progress guide autotelic LLM agents in large goal spaces
- ICML 2025MAS-GPT: Training LLMs to Build LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
- ICML 2025MCU: An Evaluation Framework for Open-Ended Game Agents
- ICML 2025MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray
- ICML 2025MELON: Provable Defense Against Indirect Prompt Injection Attacks in AI Agents
- ICML 2025MetaAgent: Automatically Constructing Multi-Agent Systems Based on Finite State Machines
- ICML 2025Model Swarms: Collaborative Search to Adapt LLM Experts via Swarm Intelligence
- ICML 2025MONA: Myopic Optimization with Non-myopic Approval Can Mitigate Multi-step Reward Hacking
- ICML 2025Multi-agent Architecture Search via Agentic Supernet
- ICML 2025MVA: Linear Attention with High-order Query-Keys Integration and Multi-level Vocabulary Decomposition
- ICML 2025Near Optimal Best Arm Identification for Clustered Bandits
- ICML 2025Nemotron-CORTEXA: Enhancing LLM Agents for Software Engineering Tasks via Improved Localization and Solution Diversity
- ICML 2025O-MAPL: Offline Multi-agent Preference Learning
- ICML 2025Of Mice and Machines: A Comparison of Learning Between Real World Mice and RL Agents
- ICML 2025Offline Opponent Modeling with Truncated Q-driven Instant Policy Refinement
- ICML 2025On the Resilience of LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration with Faulty Agents
- ICML 2025OrcaLoca: An LLM Agent Framework for Software Issue Localization
- ICML 2025PAC Learning with Improvements
- ICML 2025PaperBench: Evaluating AI’s Ability to Replicate AI Research
- ICML 2025PatchPilot: A Cost-Efficient Software Engineering Agent with Early Attempts on Formal Verification
- ICML 2025PhantomWiki: On-Demand Datasets for Reasoning and Retrieval Evaluation
- ICML 2025PINNsAgent: Automated PDE Surrogation with Large Language Models
- ICML 2025Plan-and-Act: Improving Planning of Agents for Long-Horizon Tasks
- ICML 2025PokéChamp: an Expert-level Minimax Language Agent
- ICML 2025Policy-Regret Minimization in Markov Games with Function Approximation
- ICML 2025Position: AI Agents Need Authenticated Delegation
- ICML 2025Position: Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents
- ICML 2025Position: LLM Social Simulations Are a Promising Research Method
- ICML 2025Position: Scaling LLM Agents Requires Asymptotic Analysis with LLM Primitives
- ICML 2025Position: The Most Expensive Part of an LLM *should* be its Training Data
- ICML 2025Position: Theory of Mind Benchmarks are Broken for Large Language Models
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FAQ
- How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?
- 3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.
- How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?
- NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?
- ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?
- ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?
- CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.
- Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?
- NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.