AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

329 papers, page 3 of 7

101. ICML 2024Break the Sequential Dependency of LLM Inference Using Lookahead Decoding
102. ICML 2024Can Looped Transformers Learn to Implement Multi-step Gradient Descent for In-context Learning?
103. ICML 2024CHAI: Clustered Head Attention for Efficient LLM Inference
104. ICML 2024Characterizing Truthfulness in Large Language Model Generations with Local Intrinsic Dimension
105. ICML 2024Collage: Light-Weight Low-Precision Strategy for LLM Training
106. ICML 2024CompeteAI: Understanding the Competition Dynamics of Large Language Model-based Agents
107. ICML 2024Configurable Mirror Descent: Towards a Unification of Decision Making
108. ICML 2024Controlling Behavioral Diversity in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
109. ICML 2024Detecting Influence Structures in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
110. ICML 2024diff History for Neural Language Agents
111. ICML 2024Disentanglement Learning via Topology
112. ICML 2024Double-Step Alternating Extragradient with Increasing Timescale Separation for Finding Local Minimax Points: Provable Improvements
113. ICML 2024DS-Agent: Automated Data Science by Empowering Large Language Models with Case-Based Reasoning
114. ICML 2024Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models by Meta Probing Agents
115. ICML 2024EE-LLM: Large-Scale Training and Inference of Early-Exit Large Language Models with 3D Parallelism
116. ICML 2024Efficient Adaptation in Mixed-Motive Environments via Hierarchical Opponent Modeling and Planning
117. ICML 2024Efficient PAC Learnability of Dynamical Systems Over Multilayer Networks
118. ICML 2024Embodied CoT Distillation From LLM To Off-the-shelf Agents
119. ICML 2024Eureka-Moments in Transformers: Multi-Step Tasks Reveal Softmax Induced Optimization Problems
120. ICML 2024Executable Code Actions Elicit Better LLM Agents
121. ICML 2024Fair Federated Learning via the Proportional Veto Core
122. ICML 2024Fast Peer Adaptation with Context-aware Exploration
123. ICML 2024Federated Combinatorial Multi-Agent Multi-Armed Bandits
124. ICML 2024Feedback Loops With Language Models Drive In-Context Reward Hacking
125. ICML 2024FightLadder: A Benchmark for Competitive Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
126. ICML 2024From Words to Actions: Unveiling the Theoretical Underpinnings of LLM-Driven Autonomous Systems
127. ICML 2024Generalized Smooth Variational Inequalities: Methods with Adaptive Stepsizes
128. ICML 2024GLoRe: When, Where, and How to Improve LLM Reasoning via Global and Local Refinements
129. ICML 2024GPT-4V(ision) is a Generalist Web Agent, if Grounded
130. ICML 2024GPTSwarm: Language Agents as Optimizable Graphs
131. ICML 2024HGAP: Boosting Permutation Invariant and Permutation Equivariant in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning via Graph Attention Network
132. ICML 2024How Well Can LLMs Negotiate? NegotiationArena Platform and Analysis
133. ICML 2024Impact of Decentralized Learning on Player Utilities in Stackelberg Games
134. ICML 2024Improving Sample Efficiency of Model-Free Algorithms for Zero-Sum Markov Games
135. ICML 2024Individual Contributions as Intrinsic Exploration Scaffolds for Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
136. ICML 2024InfiAgent-DABench: Evaluating Agents on Data Analysis Tasks
137. ICML 2024LAGMA: LAtent Goal-guided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
138. ICML 2024Language-guided Skill Learning with Temporal Variational Inference
139. ICML 2024Learning Associative Memories with Gradient Descent
140. ICML 2024Learning the Uncertainty Sets of Linear Control Systems via Set Membership: A Non-asymptotic Analysis
141. ICML 2024Locally Interdependent Multi-Agent MDP: Theoretical Framework for Decentralized Agents with Dynamic Dependencies
142. ICML 2024Lookbehind-SAM: k steps back, 1 step forward
143. ICML 2024MAGDi: Structured Distillation of Multi-Agent Interaction Graphs Improves Reasoning in Smaller Language Models
144. ICML 2024Major-Minor Mean Field Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
145. ICML 2024Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads
146. ICML 2024MLAgentBench: Evaluating Language Agents on Machine Learning Experimentation
147. ICML 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Meets Leaf Sequencing in Radiotherapy
148. ICML 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Hierarchical Coordination for Emergency Responder Stationing
149. ICML 2024Multi-Sender Persuasion: A Computational Perspective
150. ICML 2024Multi-Track Message Passing: Tackling Oversmoothing and Oversquashing in Graph Learning via Preventing Heterophily Mixing

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.