AI Agents papers, 2023–2026
Tool-using, multi-step autonomous LLM and VLM agent systems
Scope: NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR, 2023–2026. 3,266 papers are tagged with this topic.
Key findings
- AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
- NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
- The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
- Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.
Papers per venue
Counts by year and venue
| Year | NeurIPS | ICLR | ICML | CVPR | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 76 | 40 | 41 | 13 | 170 |
| 2024 | 150 | 73 | 88 | 18 | 329 |
| 2025 | 362 | 204 | 178 | 40 | 784 |
| 2026 | 729 | 500 | 640 | 114 | 1,983 |
Representative papers
Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up
- NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
- ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
- CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
- NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
- ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
- ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
- CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
- NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
- ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
- ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
- CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
- NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
- ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
- ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
- CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
- NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
- ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
- ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
- CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning
All AI Agents papers
1,983 papers, page 12 of 40
- ICLR 2026Thinking as Society: Multi-Social-Agent Self-Distillation for Multimodal Misinformation Detection
- ICLR 2026THOR: Tool-Integrated Hierarchical Optimization via RL for Mathematical Reasoning
- ICLR 2026Thought Branches: Interpreting LLM Reasoning Requires Resampling
- ICLR 2026Thyme: Think Beyond Images
- ICLR 2026TimeSeriesExamAgent: Creating TimeSeries Reasoning Benchmarks at Scale
- ICLR 2026TIPS: Turn-level Information-Potential Reward Shaping for Search-Augmented LLMs
- ICLR 2026To Infinity and Beyond: Tool-Use Unlocks Length Generalization in State Space Models
- ICLR 2026ToolACE-MT: Non-Autoregressive Generation for Agentic Multi-Turn Interaction
- ICLR 2026ToolTree: Efficient LLM Tool Planning via Dual-Feedback Monte Carlo Tree Search and Bidirectional Pruning
- ICLR 2026ToolWeaver: Weaving Collaborative Semantics for Scalable Tool Use in Large Language Models
- ICLR 2026Toward Efficient Exploration by Large Language Model Agents
- ICLR 2026Towards Multimodal Data-Driven Scientific Discovery Powered by LLM Agents
- ICLR 2026Towards Personalized Deep Research: Benchmarks and Evaluations
- ICLR 2026Towards Reliable Benchmarking: A Contamination Free, Controllable Evaluation Framework for Multi-step LLM Function Calling
- ICLR 2026Towards Self-Evolving Agent Benchmarks : Validatable Agent Trajectory via Test-Time Exploration
- ICLR 2026Towards Sustainable Investment Policies Informed by Opponent Shaping
- ICLR 2026Trade in Minutes! Rationality-Driven Agentic System for Quantitative Financial Trading
- ICLR 2026TRAJECT-Bench:A Trajectory-Aware Benchmark for Evaluating Agentic Tool Use
- ICLR 2026Tree Search for LLM Agent Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2026Trinity: An Evolved LLM Coordinator
- ICLR 2026Triple-BERT: Do We Really Need MARL for Order Dispatch on Ride-Sharing Platforms?
- ICLR 2026TrustJudge: Inconsistencies of LLM-as-a-Judge and How to Alleviate Them
- ICLR 2026TS$^2$: Training with Sparsemax+, Testing with Softmax for Accurate and Diverse LLM Fine-Tuning
- ICLR 2026TUMIX: Multi-Agent Test-Time Scaling with Tool-Use Mixture
- ICLR 2026TusoAI: Agentic Optimization for Scientific Methods
- ICLR 2026UI-Ins: Enhancing GUI Grounding with Multi-Perspective Instruction as Reasoning
- ICLR 2026UIS-Digger: Towards Comprehensive Research Agent Systems for Real-world Unindexed Information Seeking
- ICLR 2026Unlearning Isn't Invisible: Detecting Unlearning Traces in LLMs from Model Outputs
- ICLR 2026Unlocking Full Efficiency of Token Filtering in Large Language Model Training
- ICLR 2026Unlocking Long-Horizon Agentic Search with Large-Scale End-to-End RL
- ICLR 2026Unlocking the Power of Multi-Agent LLM for Reasoning: From Lazy Agents to Deliberation
- ICLR 2026Unveiling the Potential of Diffusion Large Language Model in Controllable Generation
- ICLR 2026USTBench: Benchmarking and Dissecting Spatiotemporal Reasoning Capabilities of LLMs as Urban Agents
- ICLR 2026VeriEquivBench: An Equivalence Score for Ground-Truth-Free Evaluation of Formally Verifiable Code
- ICLR 2026VeriRole: Verifiable Role-Awareness through Hint-Guided Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2026VideoMind: A Chain-of-LoRA Agent for Temporal-Grounded Video Reasoning
- ICLR 2026VideoZoomer: Reinforcement-Learned Temporal Focusing for Long Video Reasoning
- ICLR 2026Virtual Community: An Open World for Humans, Robots, and Society
- ICLR 2026VisCoder2: Building Multi-Language Visualization Coding Agents
- ICLR 2026Visual Multi-Agent System: Mitigating Hallucination Snowballing via Visual Flow
- ICLR 2026VitaBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents with Versatile Interactive Tasks in Real-world Applications
- ICLR 2026VPI-Bench: Visual Prompt Injection Attacks for Computer-Use Agents
- ICLR 2026WALT: Web Agents that Learn Tools
- ICLR 2026Web-CogReasoner: Towards Knowledge-Induced Cognitive Reasoning for Web Agents
- ICLR 2026WebArbiter: A Generative Reasoning Process Reward Model for Web Agents
- ICLR 2026WebDevJudge: Evaluating (M)LLMs as Critiques for Web Development Quality
- ICLR 2026WebDS: An End-to-End Benchmark for Web-based Data Science
- ICLR 2026WebFactory: Automated Compression of Foundational Language Intelligence into Grounded Web Agents
- ICLR 2026WebGen-Agent: Enhancing Interactive Website Generation with Multi-Level Feedback and Step-Level Reinforcement Learning
- ICLR 2026WebSailor-V2: Bridging the Chasm to Proprietary Agents via Synthetic Data and Scalable Reinforcement Learning
Ask about this trend from Claude or Cursor
Connect the Paperlist MCP and your assistant can pull the numbers on this page while you draft a survey, pick a direction or plan a submission: papers per year and venue, growth, the fastest-rising sub-themes and representative papers, shaped around your question.
Copy this prompt into your assistant
Use paperlist to show how AI Agents papers grew at NeurIPS from 2023 to 2026, and which year jumped the most.
Tool the assistant calls: get_topic_stats {"topic": "ai-agents"}
Set up Paperlist MCP in two minutes (Claude Code, Cursor, Codex, ChatGPT)
FAQ
- How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?
- 3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.
- How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?
- NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?
- ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?
- ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.
- How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?
- CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.
- Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?
- NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.