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AI 顶会论文

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arXiv

4DSynth: Controllable Procedural World Synthesis for Dynamic Embodied Simulation

Zehao Qi, Haochen Luo, Jia-Wang Bian, Zeyu Ma, Shuyang Sun

Embodied agents need environments that are visually diverse, physically interactive, and changing over time. Procedural simulators can generate large interactive scene collections, and recent 4D generators produce compelling visual dynamics. Combining these properties in one environment, however, still demands extensive manual effort, and the result is rarely editable or controllable enough to reuse at scale. We present 4DSynth, a controllable procedural system that turns a natural-language description, a blueprint mask, or a single photograph into an editable 4D environment with explicit geometry, animated actors, collision-free trajectories, and physics-ready simulation state. Multiple scene routes share one geometry-grounded representation, so the same pipeline handles animation, camera planning, rendering, and task generation. To validate the full pipeline, we construct 4DSynth-Nav, an interactive navigation benchmark generated entirely from 4DSynth's procedural scenes. Two vision-language models evaluated across three difficulty tiers both fail the majority of tasks and stall after early subtasks. The same procedural controllability that produces these environments also makes each failure reproducible and each difficulty axis independently tunable. This paper presents both a controllable generation pipeline and the scalable benchmark it enables, offering a practical foundation for developing and evaluating embodied agents.

arXiv

Tether the Subject, Release the Scene: Query-Aware Memory Routing for Long-Horizon Autoregressive Video Generation

Chen Li, Peng Zhang, Hanyu Zhou, Jialong Zuo, Fei Wang, Daiguo Zhou, Nong Sang, Changxin Gao

Streaming autoregressive video models generate long videos chunk by chunk, using historical memory to maintain consistency. Existing methods typically expose subject and scene queries to history through similar policies. This stabilizes the subject, but can also lock backgrounds, viewpoints, and scene structure to previously generated states even when local motion continues. We call this failure memory-anchored scene under-progression; consistency and motion metrics alone can miss it. We introduce TetherMem, a training-free, query-aware spatiotemporal memory router for frozen video generators. TetherMem separates subject and scene queries and modulates historical access with region- and age-conditioned priors: subject queries retain identity-bearing history, while scene queries reduce reliance on subject history and stale backgrounds. Across 2,400 blinded pairwise judgments from 10 annotators, TetherMem achieves the highest estimated expected preference among eight streaming long-video baselines for overall quality (0.780) and scene progression (0.769). On complete 30-second videos, it sustains changes in background, viewpoint, and scene state while preserving subject recognizability and temporal continuity.

arXiv

Dose-PlanNet: Physics Based Radiotherapy Dose Prediction with Deep Learning

Ankit Bhattacharjee, Sougata Maity, Santam Chakraborty, Indranil Mallick

Automating prostate radiotherapy treatment planning is dosimetrically complex, particularly for extreme hypofractionated regimens. In this study, we introduce Dose-PlanNet, a physics-guided 3D deep learning architecture designed to predict dose distributions. This model's performance was evaluated on a cohort of patients treated in a prospective trial where two different dose fractionation regimens were employed. Dose-PlanNet achieved comparable target coverage ($D_{95}$), though statistical analysis revealed a marginal reduction in target homogeneity ($p<0.001$) offset. However the model achieved statistically significant improvements in high-dose organ-at-risk sparing ($p<0.001$). When evaluated against strict Prospective Randomized protocol volumetric constraints, automated plans met prespecified clinical acceptance criteria in $11$ out of $14$ Moderate Hypofraction Arm plans and $9$ out of $12$ Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Arm plans. This pipeline demonstrates that physics-informed deep learning can accelerate radiotherapy workflows while safely maintaining the stringent dosimetric quality required for high-precision clinical deployment.

arXiv

CGS-SLAM: Collaborative Gaussian Splatting based SLAM for Multi-Agent Reconstruction

Jean-Daniel de Ambrogi, Aladine Chetouani, Vincent Nguyen, Aurélien Chateigner

Recent advances in SLAM have leveraged 3DGS for photorealistic reconstruction and novel view synthesis. However, most methods rely on RGB-D input, which is unavailable on consumer-grade smartphones, and few integrate 3DGS within a collaborative framework. Therefore, we present CGS-SLAM, a hybrid decentralized/centralized system enabling multi-agent 3DGS SLAM using only RGB and inertial data. Each agent performs local tracking with inertial data as a motion prior and reconstructs a scaled map using a metric monocular depth estimator (Depth Pro). Keyframe encodings are shared among agents, enabling dynamic keyframing in regions of spatial overlaps with other agents, enhancing submap alignment. Afterwards, a central server aligns submaps using VGGT as a view alignment model. This bidirectional communication keeps communication cost low during mapping and global reconstruction in difficult GNSS-denied environments. Experiments on multiple datasets demonstrate competitive tracking performance, improved rendering quality over state-of-the-art methods, and accurate submap alignment.

arXiv

FIDA: Feature Instability-Driven Attack on Self-Supervised Facial Representation

Zhiyang Chen, Changchun Yin, Huiqin Yang, Liming Fang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. However, the systemic risks they pose in face representation have received little attention. The entanglement of identity features in self-supervised face learning presents unique challenges for attack stealthiness. To address this gap, we propose FIDA (Feature Instability-Driven Attack), a novel backdoor attack framework. FIDA uses subtle semantic triggers for injection, but its key innovation is a novel objective called Feature Instability Loss. It trains the encoder to increase the sensitivity of triggered features along perturbation directions sampled during attack optimization . By preventing the backdoor from exhibiting the rigid feature patterns typical of previous attacks, FIDA effectively evades the evaluated perturbation-based defenses. Experiments show that FIDA achieves a high attack success rate and generally preserves benign utility across the evaluated settings , posing a significant threat to real-world multimedia applications relying on facial analysis.

arXiv

A Geometry-Driven, Framework-Agnostic Optimization for Object Pose Estimation

Wei Chen, Tao Zhen, Zhongchen Shi, Jing Zhang, Liang Xie, Erwei Yin

Current object pose estimation research remains predominantly model-centric, focusing on architectural innovations and post-processing refinements. This paper introduces a data-centric optimization by proposing a novel, physically grounded rotation representation through principal axes alignment. Our method aligns the object's coordinate system with its inherent geometric axes, derived from inertial properties, yielding three key advantages: Inherent Stability-leveraging the energy-minimizing property of principal axes provides a robust representation that is less sensitive to noise and occlusions; Symmetry-Aware Canonicalization-explicitly resolving rotational ambiguities for symmetric objects at the data level, which fundamentally eliminates label confusion during network training; and Framework Agnosticism-the optimization is applied purely at the dataset level, ensuring plug-and-play compatibility with existing networks without any architectural modification. We validate the framework across diverse category-level and instance-level models. Extensive experiments demonstrate consistent and significant accuracy improvements, while preserving the integrity of the baseline network. This work establishes a new, geometry-driven direction for enhancing pose estimation, circumventing the need for complex network redesign.

arXiv

From Reasoning to Pixels: Grounded Medical Multimodal LLMs for VQA and Segmentation

Haowen Gu, Gensheng Pei, Junzhu Mao, Qiong Wang, Mingwu Ren, Yazhou Yao

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA), their reliance on global image features often lacks precise pixel-level grounding, thereby limiting clinical trustworthiness. To bridge the semantic gap between high-level clinical reasoning and spatial localization, we propose \textsc{\textsc{MedREAL}} (\textbf{Med}ical \textbf{RE}asoning-driven \textbf{A}nswering and \textbf{L}ocalization), a unified framework that seamlessly aligns linguistic reasoning with spatial grounding. Specifically, \textsc{MedREAL} introduces \textbf{S}eg \textbf{A}nchored \textbf{R}easoning \textbf{P}ooling (SARP) to distill task-relevant semantic evidence directly from \texttt{[SEG]} tokens within the MLLM's hidden states. Furthermore, a \textbf{R}easoning-to-\textbf{V}isual (R2V) fusion mechanism is proposed to effectively inject these reasoning-aware features into a segmentation pipeline for accurate mask decoding. To facilitate this paradigm, we construct MedRAVS-13K, a comprehensive dataset comprising 13,824 expertly validated samples across four diverse imaging modalities. Extensive experiments demonstrate that \textsc{MedREAL} significantly outperforms state-of-the-arts, achieving 68.49\% gIoU and 70.47\% cIoU on benchmark evaluations. By generating evidence masks that are strictly consistent with textual diagnoses, \textsc{MedREAL} provides a robust, interpretable framework for reasoning-driven medical image analysis.

arXiv

MedFG-VQA: Low-Frequency Memory and Graph Attention for Lightweight Medical VQA

Haowen Gu, Gensheng Pei, Zeren Sun, Mingwu Ren, Xiangbo Shu, Yazhou Yao, Fumin Shen

Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) holds significant promise for clinical decision support, yet faces challenges due to limited annotated data and the high computational demands of existing large vision-language models. We propose MedFG-VQA, a lightweight framework that leverages a memory bank to augment DCT-based low-frequency features and employs graph-enhanced cross-attention for effective visual-textual alignment. Specifically, our approach features two key components: Frequency-Memory Fusion (FMF), which enhances low-frequency features by retrieving from a learnable memory bank built on DCT decomposition, and Graph-Aware Cross-Attention (GACA), which aligns visual-textual features via cross-attention and refines them through graph-convolutional aggregation. To address data scarcity, we construct SynMed-VQA, a large-scale synthetic dataset comprising over 2 million question-answer pairs across 9 imaging modalities and 10 major organs, generated with GPT-4o. Extensive experiments on SynMed-VQA and three other standard biomedical VQA benchmarks demonstrate that MedFG-VQA achieves competitive or superior performance compared to much larger models while maintaining significantly lower computational costs, highlighting its efficiency and potential for clinical deployment.

arXiv

Rethinking Image Processing for the Age of AI: A Problem-First Framework for Scientific Progress

Guoping Qiu

Modern AI has greatly expanded the capabilities of image processing. However, the ready availability of powerful models, public datasets, and benchmark leaderboards has also en- couraged a model-first research pattern: researchers increasingly begin with an available architecture and optimize it on a public benchmark, rather than beginning with the underlying real-world imaging problem. This can produce impressive benchmark results without necessarily improving our understanding or solution of the real problem. This paper argues for a problem-first approach that distinguishes the physical imaging problem, solution principle, statistical estimator, and computational implementation, while clarifying what modern AI can achieve and which fundamental problems remain unsolved. Through case studies of super- resolution and low-light enhancement, we show how benchmark datasets may define tasks that differ substantially from the real-world problems they are intended to represent, and why performance improvements must be interpreted within the conditions under which they are obtained. We propose a six-stage workflow that places problem formulation, image acquisition, information-loss analysis, assumptions, ambiguity, and evaluation before model and dataset selection. The paper also proposes clearer standards for evidence, reproducibility, uncertainty, and claims of state-of-the-art performance. More fundamentally, it calls for a change in research culture and education so that future researchers learn to understand imaging problems deeply and use modern AI to achieve genuine scientific and technical advancement.

arXiv

SAGE: Variate-Wise Semantic Augmentation for Vision-Language Time Series Forecasting

Haizhao Fan, Xinyi Le

Time series forecasting models operate on raw numerical sequences, lacking the semantic knowledge that domain experts implicitly leverage, such as the physical meaning of each variable, its statistical behavior, and its temporal dynamics. Recent efforts to bridge this gap fall into two camps. Some rely on large language models at inference time, which is computationally expensive. Others apply uniform textual prompts at the dataset level, ignoring the heterogeneous semantics across individual variates. We propose SAGE (Seeing and Augmenting with Grounded Encoding), an end-to-end CLIP-based framework that jointly models temporal, cross-variable, textual, and visual information. The CLIP text encoder processes frequency-enhanced patches and variable tokens, while gated residual paths inject variable-specific descriptions and statistical descriptors. In parallel, the frozen CLIP vision encoder aligns rendered series with temporal representations through a training-only contrastive objective. This dual use of CLIP adds complementary semantic and visual supervision without placing an LLM in the forecasting loop. Across eight long-term benchmarks and M4, SAGE achieves state-of-the-art accuracy. Ablations confirm complementary gains from multimodal alignment and variable-level knowledge.

arXiv

Evaluator-Dependent Patient-Adaptive ECG Lead-Channel Allocation

Xiaoyang Li, Zeyan Tao

Patient-conditioned acquisition policies for ECG lead-channel selection can outperform population-wide fixed protocols by tailoring the channel budget to each patient's observed cardiac state. However, the value of acquiring any given channel is defined relative to a downstream diagnostic evaluator, so marginal utilities learned under one evaluator need not transfer when the evaluator is replaced. We study this evaluator dependence empirically on PTB-XL by freezing two policies (ECG-on-Demand and MGA) trained with a controlled arbitrary-mask logistic evaluator, then scoring their unchanged acquisition trajectories with a more predictive masked raw-waveform ResNet1D. Exhaustive search provides metric-matched population-wide fixed comparators separately for each evaluator, enabling a clean interaction contrast. At budget $k=4$ on a held-out evaluation fold, ECG-on-Demand shifts from $D_\mathrm{C}=-0.011$ (favoring adaptive under the controlled evaluator) to $D_\mathrm{S}=+0.029$ (favoring fixed under the strong evaluator), yielding an NLL interaction of $+0.041$ (95% CI $[+0.030, +0.050]$). Across two policies, five budgets, and three probabilistic metrics, all 30 interaction estimates are positive with paired confidence intervals excluding zero. Three post-hoc sensitivity analyses -- common-reference scoring, training the strong evaluator on a mixture of policy-generated and random masks, and evaluator-aligned Strong-MGA policy training -- each preserve a positive interaction interval, making reference-choice and mask-distribution artifacts less plausible explanations. Evaluator-aligned training reduces but does not eliminate the gap. These results indicate that adaptive ECG channel allocation should be developed and validated jointly with its intended diagnostic backbone, and that jointly optimized sensing-diagnosis systems remain an open problem.

arXiv

LLaVAFlow: Preserving Latent Alignment Flow for Parameter-Efficient Multimodal Fine-Tuning

Muyao Yuan, Muyan Jiao, Jiangyong Ying, Weizhan Zhang, yuanhong zhang, Lan Ma, Yuan Gao, Haipeng Du

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit strong generalization, visual instruction tuning for downstream tasks inevitably causes catastrophic forgetting, impairing overall generalization. While existing methods regulate weight updates to reduce forgetting, they overlook the fundamental cross-modal alignment in MLLMs. Based on prior work and our observations, we argue that cross-modal alignment is implicitly captured in the information-compression trajectory. To preserve the alignment flow embedded in the trajectory, we propose LLaVAFlow, an information-theoretic distillation framework. First, we compress the mutual information between the extracted relations and MLLM embeddings, encouraging a learnable module to produce a refined alignment flow that benefits downstream tasks. Second, we maximize the mutual information between the extracted alignment flows of the pretrained and fine-tuned MLLMs, enabling the transfer of compact alignment information. Extensive experiments show that LLaVAFlow is an effective plug-and-play framework that preserves alignment flow and enhances both downstream performance and generalization.

arXiv

Hyperspectral Diffusion Equivariant Imaging (HyDiff-EI): A Self-supervised Framework for Hyperspectral Image Inpainting

Shuo Li, Mike Davies, Mehrdad Yaghoobi

A novel Hyperspectral diffusion Equivariant Imaging (HyDiff-EI) framework for solving the hyperspectral image (HSI) inpainting problem has been presented here. Unlike conventional diffusion-based methods that rely on large-scale pretraining, HyDiff-EI is a test-time optimization framework that learns directly from a single corrupted HSI acquisition. This makes it flexible for different sensor configurations and particularly well-suited for practical remote sensing scenarios where large annotated hyperspectral datasets are limited. To address the ill-posed nature of unsupervised inpainting, we embed equivariant consistency constraints within the diffusion process. By leveraging the inherent geometric symmetries and intrinsic characteristics of HSIs, HyDiff-EI bridges the gap between generative diffusion modeling and self-consistent physical priors. We empirically show that coupling diffusion modeling with equivariant priors substantially enhances noise robustness and generalizability. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets including Chikusei, Botswana, and EMIT demonstrate that HyDiff-EI offers remarkable inpainting quality over existing self-supervised and diffusion-based algorithms in both noiseless and noisy cases.

arXiv

Thinking on Shots: Consistent Multi-Shot Video Editing with Agentic Reasoning

Chenyang Wu, Fuchen Long, Binyuan Huang, Xinlong Sun, Xi Chen, Chun-Le Guo, Chongyi Li

While generative AI has significantly advanced video editing, existing methods primarily focus on single-shot or short video clips. Editing long videos with multiple instructions remains a formidable challenge. Naive chunking strategies, e.g., fixed-duration segmentation, often lead to entity fragmentation, severe editing hallucinations, and disrupted temporal continuity. To bridge this gap, we introduce the Multi-Instruction Multi-Shot Long-Video Editing (MMLVE) task, which is structured around three core objectives: Cross-Shot Editing Consistency (CSEC), Multi-Instruction Decoupling (MID), and Zero-Destruction on Spatiotemporal Structure (ZDSS). To tackle these three unique challenges, we introduce an agentic editing framework that leverages the synergy of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to achieve shot-level video decoupling and precise instruction parsing. Furthermore, to comprehensively evaluate this task, we construct MMLVE-Bench, which is an MMLVE-focused dataset characterized by complex real-world spatiotemporal dynamics, high-density heterogeneous instructions, and sparse, random entity distributions. Three MMLVE-focused evaluation metrics are further exploited to assess the quality of the editing results. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our MMLVE-Agent outperforms existing closed-source SOTA approaches (e.g., Seedance 2.0), successfully eliminating editing hallucinations, preserving cross-shot editing consistency, and attaining seamless spatiotemporal transitions.

arXiv

Ring Forcing: Towards Precise Long-Term Memory for Autoregressive Video Diffusion

Bowen Xue, Brandon Y. Feng, Chenguo Lin, Yuchen Lin, Yujia Zeng, Lvmin Zhang, Maneesh Agrawala, Honglei Yan, Panwang Pan

Scaling video generation to long durations reveals a critical bottleneck: current models lack robust long-term memory. This deficiency can be studied along two critical aspects: object permanence, the ability to precisely reproduce the appearance of objects upon re-entry; and memory capacity, the ability to process ultra-long context and use information from distant history. Robust long-term memory requires both: object permanence without sufficient context handling limits the temporal scope, while long context length without permanence fails to maintain identity. To address this, we present Ring Forcing, an autoregressive video diffusion framework designed to robustly construct and precisely utilize long-term memory. Our ring-structured training strategy enforces retrieval from distant history, effectively reconciling the trade-off between strict historical adherence and generative diversity. To expand memory capacity, we introduce a compression and timestep composition strategy. Under fixed sequence length constraints, this method extends the effective historical span to minutes-long durations and achieves a comprehensive receptive field over the entire history. Furthermore, we present a sparse RoPE mechanism to enable flexible, scalable memory adaptation while fully exploiting pre-trained priors. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Ring Forcing achieves superior minutes-long coherence and object permanence, significantly outperforming state-of-the-art methods.

arXiv

Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation from a Vision Foundation Model to a Lightweight Visual State Space Model for Tea Leaf Disease Classification

Zibo Zhou, Zongsen Qiu, Rui Chen, Yujie Yao, Yue Zhou, Jianjun Wang

Automated tea leaf disease classification supports precision agriculture, yet deploying accurate models on edge devices remains challenging under tight compute budgets. Self-supervised vision foundation models such as DINOv2 provide strong features but are too large for field deployment, while lightweight models trained from scratch on small agricultural datasets often underfit. We study cross-architecture knowledge distillation (KD) from a fine-tuned DINOv2 teacher (Vision Transformer) to a compact bidirectional Visual State Space Model (LVSSM) student, an underexplored direction because the architectures use fundamentally different token-mixing mechanisms. We identify and fix two training-stability problems that prevent the from-scratch SSM student from learning on limited data: a single large patch-embedding convolution and a fusion layer that severs the residual path. With a progressive convolutional stem and gated bidirectional selective-scan block, the 4.45M-parameter student trains stably. Across three seeds, temperature-scaled logit distillation raises test accuracy from 92.32+/-2.14% to 95.41+/-1.17% (best single run: 96.20%; macro-F1: 94.45%), a +3.09 percentage-point mean gain. The student uses 5.0 times fewer parameters than the 22M-parameter teacher while retaining 98.3% of its accuracy. Ablations show that intermediate feature-alignment losses reduce accuracy, making simple logit-level KD the strongest configuration. A fair from-scratch comparison shows the gain is specific to students that start below the teacher. We report per-class metrics, confusion matrices, bootstrap confidence intervals, and FLOPs/latency measurements, and discuss limitations including the single-dataset scope and simplified non-official SSM implementation.

arXiv

Glass Surface Detection Grounded in 3D Visual Geometry

Yiwei Lu, Ke Xu, Tao Yan, Xiaojun Chang, Radu Timofte, Rynson W. H. Lau

Glass surface detection (GSD) is critical for scene understanding and reconstruction, and yet remains challenging due to the transparency and reflectivity of glass surfaces. Existing GSD methods typically rely on 2D appearance cues, which may fail in geometrically ambiguous scenes. In this paper, we propose a paradigm shift: grounding GSD in 3D visual geometry to explicitly model the physical existence of glass surfaces. Our method first distills rich 3D priors from the visual geometry grounded transformer (VGGT) and generates glass-aware 3D representations. It then exploits multi-tasking learning with a novel glass detection head, consisting of two core modules: a Frequency Self-Attention Module (FSAM) that identifies glass-specific spectral features for glass surface localization, and a Geometry Grounding Block (GeGB) that selectively grounds 2D features in 3D geometry for glass surface segmentation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance across seven standard GSD benchmarks, generalizes well to video/multi-modal data, and substantially improves reconstruction in glass scenes. Code is available in https://github.com/YT3DVision/VGGT_GLASS.

arXiv

G2D: Generative-to-Discriminative Collaborative Inference for Zero-Shot Image Classification

Zehua Hao, Fang Liu, Qinliang Wang, Yaoyang Du, Xinyan Huang, Puhua Chen

Zero-shot classification needs efficient label retrieval and fine-grained visual reasoning, yet discriminative and generative vision-language models fail in complementary ways.When CLIP's top-1 prediction is wrong, the correct label often remains in its top-$K$ shortlist, making disambiguation rather than recall the key challenge.Standalone generative models, however, are hindered by large label spaces and unconstrained outputs.This complementarity motivates separating broad candidate retrieval from fine-grained, image-grounded verification.We propose G2D, a training-free framework that uses a generative VLM to verify CLIP-retrieved candidates against the image.Candidate names and CLIP probabilities provide a structured prior for resolving visually similar classes.Fixed confidence routing, entropy-adaptive candidate sizing, and trie-constrained decoding focus generative reasoning on uncertain samples and ensure one valid output for each input at test time.Across eight benchmarks, G2D achieves 68.85% average accuracy, versus 59.35% for CLIP and 63.11% for the standalone VLM.Across seven generator configurations, candidate-set verification improves average accuracy by 1.08--27.42 percentage points.G2D also transfers to DCLIP, WaffleCLIP, and CuPL, supporting a practical interface between discriminative proposal and generative visual reasoning. Code: https://github.com/Harzva/G2D

arXiv

Generative Semantic Scene Completion

Shi Chen, Weifeng Ge

Outdoor LiDAR semantic scene completion (SSC) recovers a dense semantic voxel grid from a scan observing 1% of the target volume, under class imbalance beyond 7,000x. We recast SSC as generative semantic scene completion (GSSC): a single discrete-diffusion formulation in three roles. First, paired sparse-dense scene synthesis (PS$^3$) generates matched sparse LiDAR observations with their dense semantic completions, addressing the long tail at its source and yielding the PS$^3$-SemanticKITTI corpus we train on alongside SemanticKITTI. Second, semantic-guided generative scene completion (SGSC) generates the scene from noise with multinomial discrete diffusion, conditioned on the sparse scan through a bird's-eye-view semantic map and a sparse 3D feature stream. Third, the same framework instead refines an existing completion in one flow-matching step: structured source discrete diffusion (S$^2$D$^2$). S$^2$D$^2$ improves the mIoU of SGSC's own output and every external SSC base tested, without base retraining or test-time adaptation. On the strongest base, one step without test-time augmentation reaches 38.8% mIoU on the SemanticKITTI hidden test. To our knowledge that is the best causal, single-sweep, single-sample result on that leaderboard, +2.1 pp over the previous best published score under the same restriction. Four correction steps with eight-view test-time augmentation reach 39.2%, outside that restriction.

arXiv

GeoMAD: Geometry-Aware Multi-View Anomaly Detection via Deformable Fusion and Distributional Alignment

Shang-Fu Chen, Jhih-Ciang Wu, Kuan-Chuan Peng, Wen-Huang Cheng, Kai-Lung Hua

Multi-view anomaly detection (MvAD) detects defects by exploiting complementary observations from multiple camera viewpoints. The central challenge is to fuse views with sufficient geometric awareness while remaining scalable to multi-class industrial settings. Existing methods typically fall into two extremes: voxel-based fusion provides explicit geometric alignment but requires costly 3D construction and class-specific assumptions, whereas lightweight patch-based fusion is efficient but relies on discrete candidate matching and lacks continuous cross-view correspondence. In this paper, we propose GeoMAD, a unified multi-view, multi-class AD framework that addresses both geometric correspondence deficiency and distributional inconsistency. Our \textit{Cross-view Deformable Fusion Module} (CDFM) learns content-adaptive, view-pair-specific sampling offsets directly on 2D feature maps and arranges them across a multi-scale window pyramid with image-global reference sampling, enabling hierarchical cross-view correspondence without camera calibration, voxel construction, or class-specific 3D supervision. We further introduce \textit{Distributional View Alignment} (DVA), a self-supervised cross-view regularization loss that aligns each view's bottleneck distribution against a per-instance view-centric target, enforcing global consistency without pixel-level correspondence. Together, CDFM and DVA bridge local geometric correspondence and global distributional consistency, providing geometry-aware and distribution-consistent fusion while preserving the efficiency of 2D feature-space learning. Extensive experiments on Real-IAD and MANTA-Tiny show that GeoMAD achieves strong detection and localization performance in unified MvAD.

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