Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

868 papers, page 9 of 18

401. ICML 2026EvoMAS: Heuristics in the Loop—Evolving Smarter Agentic Workflows
402. ICML 2026Executable Agentic Memory for GUI Agent
403. ICML 2026Exploration-free Algorithms for Multi-group Mean Estimation
404. ICML 2026Factored Value Functions for Graph-Based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
405. ICML 2026Fast and Expressive Multi-Byte Prediction with Probabilistic Circuits
406. ICML 2026Federated Causal Inference on Multi-Site Observational Data via Propensity Score Aggregation
407. ICML 2026Federated Multi-view Clustering for Remote Sensing Data
408. ICML 2026FiGuRO: Intrinsic Dimension Estimation for Multi-Modal Data
409. ICML 2026Fine-to-Coarse Fairness-Informed Multi-View Clustering
410. ICML 2026FIRE: Multi-Fidelity Regression with Distribution-Conditioned In-Context Learning Using Tabular Foundation Models
411. ICML 2026Fixed Budget is No Harder Than Fixed Confidence in Best-Arm Identification up to Logarithmic Factors
412. ICML 2026FlowMAP: Flow Matching for Generalizable Agent Planning
413. ICML 2026Focus and Dilution: The Multi-stage Learning Process of Attention
414. ICML 2026From Interaction Trajectories to Prompt Rules: Credit Assignment for Multi-Agent Prompt Optimization
415. ICML 2026FullStack-Agent: Enhancing Agentic Full-Stack Web Coding via Development-Oriented Testing and Repository Back-Translation
416. ICML 2026GameDevBench: Evaluating Agentic Capabilities Through Game Development
417. ICML 2026GFD-EMVC: Evolutionary Multi-View Classification with Label Noise via Gradient and Feature Dual-Perception
418. ICML 2026GLEAN: Guideline-Grounded Evidence Accumulation for High-Stakes Agent Verification
419. ICML 2026Gradient Descent with Large Step Size Restores Symmetry in Deep Linear Networks with Multi-Pathway
420. ICML 2026Great Minds Think Alike: Contextual Tacit Communication for Decentralized LLM-Agent Cooperation
421. ICML 2026GRPO-based Cluster Decision Agent for Unknown-$\boldsymbol{K}$ Multi-view Clustering
422. ICML 2026HieraMAS: Optimizing Intra-Node LLM Mixtures and Inter-Node Topology for Multi-Agent Systems
423. ICML 2026Hierarchical Anchor Graph Learning for Multi-View Clustering
424. ICML 2026Hierarchical Multi Scale Graph Neural Networks: Scalable Heterophilous Learning with Oversmoothing and Oversquashing Mitigation
425. ICML 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travel
426. ICML 2026HiPER: Hierarchical Plan–Execute RL for Multi-Turn LLM Agents
427. ICML 2026How Far Can LLM Agents Reason with Tables? Benchmarking Multi-Turn Agentic Table Question Answering in the Wild
428. ICML 2026HPS: Hyperspherical Parameter Sharing for Efficient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
429. ICML 2026HyPOLE: Hyperproperty-Guided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning under Partial Observation
430. ICML 2026Identifying dependent components from multi-domain linear mixtures
431. ICML 2026IEC: When Information-Driven Exploration Meets Spectral Consensus via Primal–Dual Reward Regularization in Decentralized Multi-Agent RL
432. ICML 2026Inference from Quantized Data via Normal Variance-Mean Mixtures
433. ICML 2026InfoPO: Information-Driven Policy Optimization for User-Centric Agents
434. ICML 2026InnoEval: On Research Idea Evaluation as a Knowledge-Grounded, Multi-Perspective Reasoning Problem
435. ICML 2026Interaction-Breaking Adversarial Learning Framework for Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
436. ICML 2026Investigating Component Contributions in Multi-Agent ML Systems
437. ICML 2026JADE: Bridging the Strategic-Operational Gap in Dynamic Agentic RAG
438. ICML 2026Judgment Operators: A Composition-Invariant Substrate for Multi-Agent Action Spaces
439. ICML 2026Just Ask: Curious Code Agents Reveal System Prompts in Frontier LLMs
440. ICML 2026KernelBand: Steering LLM-based Kernel Optimization via Hardware-Aware Multi-Armed Bandits
441. ICML 2026Knothe-Rosenblatt Quantile Regression for Risk-sensitive Multi-objective Reinforcement Learning
442. ICML 2026Large Language Model Agents Are Not Always Faithful Self-Evolvers
443. ICML 2026Latent Collaboration in Multi-Agent Systems
444. ICML 2026Learn to change the world: Multi-level reinforcement learning with model-changing actions
445. ICML 2026Learning Decentralized LLM Collaboration with Multi-Agent Actor Critic
446. ICML 2026Learning Generalized Label Distributions
447. ICML 2026Learning Multi-Agent Coordination via Sheaf-ADMM
448. ICML 2026Learning Multi-Scale Hypergraph for High-Order Brain Connectivity Analysis
449. ICML 2026Learning Robust Multi-Agent Policies via Selective Adversarial Fault Induction
450. ICML 2026Learning to Share: Selective Memory for Efficient Parallel Agentic Systems

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.