Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

2,126 papers, page 6 of 43

251. ICLR 2026MARSHAL: Incentivizing Multi-Agent Reasoning via Self-Play with Strategic LLMs
252. ICLR 2026MAS$^2$: Self-Generative, Self-Configuring, Self-Rectifying Multi-Agent Systems
253. ICLR 2026MATA: A Trainable Hierarchical Automaton System for Multi-Agent Visual Reasoning
254. ICLR 2026Matching multiple experts: on the exploitability of multi-agent imitation learning
255. ICLR 2026Measuring and Mitigating Rapport Bias of Large Language Models under Multi-Agent Social Interactions
256. ICLR 2026Measuring Bias Amplification in Multi-Agent Systems with Large Language Models
257. ICLR 2026MemAgent: Reshaping Long-Context LLM with Multi-Conv RL-based Memory Agent
258. ICLR 2026Meta-RL Induces Exploration in Language Agents
259. ICLR 2026MHLA: Restoring Expressivity of Linear Attention via Token-Level Multi-Head
260. ICLR 2026MIRA: Memory-Integrated Reinforcement Learning Agent with Limited LLM Guidance
261. ICLR 2026MLE-Smith: Scaling MLE Tasks with Automated Multi-agent Pipeline
262. ICLR 2026MoRA: Mobility as the Backbone for Geospatial Representation Learning at Scale
263. ICLR 2026Multi-Action Self-Improvement For Neural Combinatorial Optimization
264. ICLR 2026Multi-Agent Debate with Memory Masking
265. ICLR 2026Multi-Agent Design: Optimizing Agents with Better Prompts and Topologies
266. ICLR 2026Multi-LLM Adaptive Conformal Inference for Reliable LLM Response
267. ICLR 2026Multi-ReduNet: Interpretable Class-Wise Decomposition of ReduNet
268. ICLR 2026Multi-Scale Diffusion-Guided Graph Learning with Power-Smoothing Random Walk Contrast for Multi-View Clustering
269. ICLR 2026Multi-Scale Hypergraph Meets LLMs: Aligning Large Language Models for Time Series Analysis
270. ICLR 2026Multi-View Encoders for Performance Prediction in LLM-Based Agentic Workflows
271. ICLR 2026MVCustom: Multi-View Customized Diffusion via Geometric Latent Rendering and Completion
272. ICLR 2026Neural Networks Learn Generic Multi-Index Models Near Information-Theoretic Limit
273. ICLR 2026Non-Asymptotic Analysis of (Sticky) Track-and-Stop
274. ICLR 2026Numerion: A Multi-Hypercomplex Model for Time Series Forecasting
275. ICLR 2026OmniActor: A Generalist GUI and Embodied Agent for 2D&3D Worlds
276. ICLR 2026Opponent Shaping in LLM Agents
277. ICLR 2026OrchestrationBench: LLM-Driven Agentic Planning and Tool Use in Multi-Domain Scenarios
278. ICLR 2026OrthAlign: Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Non-Interfering Multi-Objective Alignment
279. ICLR 2026Pairwise is Not Enough: Hypergraph Neural Networks for Multi-Agent Pathfinding
280. ICLR 2026Peng's Q($\lambda$) for Conservative Value Estimation in Offline Reinforcement Learning
281. ICLR 2026Personalized Collaborative Learning with Affinity-Based Variance Reduction
282. ICLR 2026PIRN: Prototypical-based Intra-modal Reconstruction with Normality Communication for Multi-modal Anomaly Detection.
283. ICLR 2026PixelCraft: A Multi-Agent system for High-Fidelity Visual Reasoning on Structured Images
284. ICLR 2026PoinnCARE: Hyperbolic Multi-Modal Learning for Enzyme Classification
285. ICLR 2026Protein Structure Tokenization via Geometric Byte Pair Encoding
286. ICLR 2026Randomization Boosts KV Caching, Learning Balances Query Load: A Joint Perspective
287. ICLR 2026RECAST: Expanding the Boundaries of LLMs' Complex Instruction Following with Multi-Constraint Data
288. ICLR 2026Reevaluating Policy Gradient Methods for Imperfect-Information Games
289. ICLR 2026Relationship Alignment for View-aware Multi-view Clustering
290. ICLR 2026Rethinking Consistent Multi-Label Classification under Inexact Supervision
291. ICLR 2026Revisiting Matrix Sketching in Linear Bandits: Achieving Sublinear Regret via Dyadic Block Sketching
292. ICLR 2026Revisiting Nonstationary Kernel Design for Multi-Output Gaussian Processes
293. ICLR 2026RIG: Synergizing Reasoning and Imagination in End-to-End Generalist Policy
294. ICLR 2026Robust Multi-Objective Controlled Decoding of Large Language Models
295. ICLR 2026SAM-Veteran: An MLLM-Based Human-like SAM Agent for Reasoning Segmentation
296. ICLR 2026Scaling Agents via Continual Pre-training
297. ICLR 2026Scaling Generalist Data-Analytic Agents
298. ICLR 2026Shuffling the Data, Extrapolating the Step: Sharper Bias In Constant Step-Size SGD
299. ICLR 2026SocialJax: An Evaluation Suite for Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning in Sequential Social Dilemmas
300. ICLR 2026Solving the 2-norm k-hyperplane clustering problem via multi-norm formulations

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.