Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

2,126 papers, page 5 of 43

201. ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
202. ICLR 2026Constant Degree Matrix-Driven Incomplete Multi-View Clustering via Connectivity-Structure and Embedding Tensor Learning
203. ICLR 2026Constraint Matters: Multi-Modal Representation for Reducing Mixed-Integer Linear programming
204. ICLR 2026Context Learning for Multi-Agent Discussion
205. ICLR 2026Debiased and Denoised Projection Learning for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
206. ICLR 2026DecompGAIL: Learning Realistic Traffic Behaviors with Decomposed Multi-Agent Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
207. ICLR 2026DevOps-Gym: Benchmarking AI Agents in Software DevOps Cycle
208. ICLR 2026Discovering Hierarchical Software Engineering Agents via Bandit Optimization
209. ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
210. ICLR 2026Don't Just Fine-tune the Agent, Tune the Environment
211. ICLR 2026DoVer: Intervention-Driven Auto Debugging for LLM Multi-Agent Systems
212. ICLR 2026Doxing via the Lens: Revealing Location-related Privacy Leakage on Multi-modal Large Reasoning Models
213. ICLR 2026DRBench: A Realistic Benchmark for Enterprise Deep Research
214. ICLR 2026Dynamic Speculative Agent Planning
215. ICLR 2026EdiVal-Agent: An Object-Centric Framework for Automated, Fine-Grained Evaluation of Multi-Turn Editing
216. ICLR 2026Emergence of Spatial Representation in an Actor-Critic Agent with Hippocampus-Inspired Sequence Generator
217. ICLR 2026Emergent Coordination in Multi-Agent Language Models
218. ICLR 2026Enhancing Complex Symbolic Logical Rea­soning of Large Language Models via Sparse Multi-Agent Debate
219. ICLR 2026Explainable $ K $-means Neural Networks for Multi-view Clustering
220. ICLR 2026Expressiveness of Multi-Neuron Convex Relaxations in Neural Network Certification
221. ICLR 2026FaSTA*: Fast-Slow Toolpath Agent with Subroutine Mining for Efficient Multi-turn Image Editing
222. ICLR 2026Financial fraud collusion among generative AI agents in social networks
223. ICLR 2026FingerTip 20K: A Benchmark for Proactive and Personalized Mobile LLM Agents
224. ICLR 2026Flow-based Conformal Prediction for Multi-dimensional Time Series
225. ICLR 2026From Assumptions to Actions: Turning LLM Reasoning into Uncertainty-Aware Planning for Embodied Agents
226. ICLR 2026From Medical Records to Diagnostic Dialogues: A Clinical-Grounded Approach and Dataset for Psychiatric Comorbidity
227. ICLR 2026From Single to Multi-Granularity: Toward Long-Term Memory Association and Selection of Conversational Agents
228. ICLR 2026From What to Why: A Multi-Agent System for Evidence-based Chemical Reaction Condition Reasoning
229. ICLR 2026Goal-Aware Identification and Rectification of Misinformation in Multi-Agent Systems
230. ICLR 2026Graph-of-Agents: A Graph-based Framework for Multi-Agent LLM Collaboration
231. ICLR 2026GT-Space: Enhancing Heterogeneous Collaborative Perception with Ground Truth Feature Space
232. ICLR 2026HAMLET: Hyperadaptive Agent-based Modeling for Live Embodied Theatrics
233. ICLR 2026Helmsman: Autonomous Synthesis of Federated Learning Systems via Collaborative LLM Agents
234. ICLR 2026Hierarchical Multi-Stage Recovery Framework for Kronecker Compressed Sensing
235. ICLR 2026Holistic Agent Leaderboard: The Missing Infrastructure for AI Agent Evaluation
236. ICLR 2026Huxley-G\"odel Machine: Human-Level Coding Agent Development by an Approximation of the Optimal Self-Improving Machine
237. ICLR 2026ICaRus: Identical Cache Reuse for Efficient Multi-Model Inference
238. ICLR 2026Identifying and Evaluating Inactive Heads in Pretrained LLMs
239. ICLR 2026Information Gain-based Policy Optimization: A Simple and Effective Approach for Multi-Turn LLM Agents
240. ICLR 2026InnoGym: Benchmarking the Innovation Potential of AI Agents
241. ICLR 2026Interactive Agents to Overcome Underspecificity in Software Engineering
242. ICLR 2026IR-Agent: Expert-Inspired LLM Agents for Structure Elucidation from Infrared Spectra
243. ICLR 2026JointDiff: Bridging Continuous and Discrete in Multi-Agent Trajectory Generation
244. ICLR 2026Kimi-Dev: Agentless Training as Skill Prior for SWE-agents
245. ICLR 2026KnowGuard: Knowledge-Driven Abstention for Multi-Round Clinical Reasoning
246. ICLR 2026KVComm: Enabling Efficient LLM Communication through Selective KV Sharing
247. ICLR 2026Learning to Play Multi-Follower Bayesian Stackelberg Games
248. ICLR 2026Learning with Dual-level Noisy Correspondence for Multi-modal Entity Alignment
249. ICLR 2026LiveResearchBench: Benchmarking Single- and Multi-Agent Systems for Citation-Grounded Deep Research
250. ICLR 2026LongHorizonUI: A Unified Framework for Robust long-horizon Task Automation of GUI Agent

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.