Mixture of Experts papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Mixture of Experts went from 236 papers in 2023 to 326 in 2026, roughly 1.4x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Mixture of Experts work: 354 papers from 2023 to 2026, 39% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 79 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Optimization and Scaling, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Scaling Laws, is up 4.1x versus 1.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Biconvex Formulation for Stable Transport of Mixture Models with a Unique Solution
• ICML 2026$\phi$-Balancing for Mixture-of-Experts Training
• ICLR 2026A Federated Generalized Expectation-Maximization Algorithm for Mixture Models with an Unknown Number of Components
• CVPR 2026Divide Conquer and Aggregate Asymmetric Experts for Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Medical
• NeurIPS 2025Advancing Expert Specialization for Better MoE
• ICML 2025$\texttt{I$^2$MoE}$: Interpretable Multimodal Interaction-aware Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2025A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection
• CVPR 2025Complexity Experts are Task-Discriminative Learners for Any Image Restoration
• NeurIPS 2024$\texttt{Model-GLUE}$: Democratized LLM Scaling for A Large Model Zoo in the Wild
• ICML 2024$\texttt{MoE-RBench}$: Towards Building Reliable Language Models with Sparse Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2024Fusing Models with Complementary Expertise
• CVPR 2024MoDE: CLIP Data Experts via Clustering
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Numerical influence of ReLU'(0) on backpropagation
• ICML 2023A Distribution Optimization Framework for Confidence Bounds of Risk Measures
• ICLR 2023Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Models
• CVPR 2023Balanced Product of Calibrated Experts for Long-Tailed Recognition
• NeurIPS 2026AdERA: Adaptive Exponent Reuse for Lossless Allgather in Sharded MoE Training
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Abstracting Robot Manipulation Skills via Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Policies
• CVPR 2026ERMoE Eigen-Reparameterized Mixture-of-Experts for Stable Routing and Interpretable Specialization

All Mixture of Experts papers

236 papers, page 1 of 5

1. CVPR 2023Balanced Product of Calibrated Experts for Long-Tailed Recognition
2. CVPR 2023ERNIE-ViLG 2.0: Improving Text-to-Image Diffusion Model With Knowledge-Enhanced Mixture-of-Denoising-Experts
3. CVPR 2023Global and Local Mixture Consistency Cumulative Learning for Long-Tailed Visual Recognitions
4. CVPR 2023MixNeRF: Modeling a Ray With Mixture Density for Novel View Synthesis From Sparse Inputs
5. CVPR 2023Mod-Squad: Designing Mixtures of Experts As Modular Multi-Task Learners
6. CVPR 2023RepMode: Learning to Re-Parameterize Diverse Experts for Subcellular Structure Prediction
7. ICLR 2023A Mixture-of-Expert Approach to RL-based Dialogue Management
8. ICLR 2023Chasing All-Round Graph Representation Robustness: Model, Training, and Optimization
9. ICLR 2023DINO as a von Mises-Fisher mixture model
10. ICLR 2023Impossibly Good Experts and How to Follow Them
11. ICLR 2023Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Models
12. ICLR 2023Learning About Progress From Experts
13. ICLR 2023Learning Adversarial Linear Mixture Markov Decision Processes with Bandit Feedback and Unknown Transition
14. ICLR 2023Learning to CROSS exchange to solve min-max vehicle routing problems
15. ICLR 2023Modeling Multimodal Aleatoric Uncertainty in Segmentation with Mixture of Stochastic Experts
16. ICLR 2023SCoMoE: Efficient Mixtures of Experts with Structured Communication
17. ICLR 2023Sparse Mixture-of-Experts are Domain Generalizable Learners
18. ICLR 2023Sparse MoE as the New Dropout: Scaling Dense and Self-Slimmable Transformers
19. ICLR 2023Sparse Upcycling: Training Mixture-of-Experts from Dense Checkpoints
20. ICLR 2023Sparsity-Constrained Optimal Transport
21. ICLR 2023Switch-NeRF: Learning Scene Decomposition with Mixture of Experts for Large-scale Neural Radiance Fields
22. ICLR 2023Task-customized Masked Autoencoder via Mixture of Cluster-conditional Experts
23. ICML 2023A Distribution Optimization Framework for Confidence Bounds of Risk Measures
24. ICML 2023A Gromov--Wasserstein Geometric View of Spectrum-Preserving Graph Coarsening
25. ICML 2023A Study of Global and Episodic Bonuses for Exploration in Contextual MDPs
26. ICML 2023A theory of continuous generative flow networks
27. ICML 2023A Unified Optimization Framework of ANN-SNN Conversion: Towards Optimal Mapping from Activation Values to Firing Rates
28. ICML 2023Active Ranking of Experts Based on their Performances in Many Tasks
29. ICML 2023Algorithmic Stability of Heavy-Tailed SGD with General Loss Functions
30. ICML 2023Beyond the Edge of Stability via Two-step Gradient Updates
31. ICML 2023Chemically Transferable Generative Backmapping of Coarse-Grained Proteins
32. ICML 2023Cold Analysis of Rao-Blackwellized Straight-Through Gumbel-Softmax Gradient Estimator
33. ICML 2023Computational Doob h-transforms for Online Filtering of Discretely Observed Diffusions
34. ICML 2023Continuously Parameterized Mixture Models
35. ICML 2023Convex Geometry of ReLU-layers, Injectivity on the Ball and Local Reconstruction
36. ICML 2023Cooperation in the Latent Space: The Benefits of Adding Mixture Components in Variational Autoencoders
37. ICML 2023Differentiable Simulations for Enhanced Sampling of Rare Events
38. ICML 2023Discrete Continuous Optimization Framework for Simultaneous Clustering and Training in Mixture Models
39. ICML 2023Distribution-dependent McDiarmid-type Inequalities for Functions of Unbounded Interaction
40. ICML 2023Dividing and Conquering a BlackBox to a Mixture of Interpretable Models: Route, Interpret, Repeat
41. ICML 2023Effective Minkowski Dimension of Deep Nonparametric Regression: Function Approximation and Statistical Theories
42. ICML 2023End-to-End Multi-Object Detection with a Regularized Mixture Model
43. ICML 2023Existence and Estimation of Critical Batch Size for Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Two Time-Scale Update Rule
44. ICML 2023Explaining the effects of non-convergent MCMC in the training of Energy-Based Models
45. ICML 2023Generative Decoding of Visual Stimuli
46. ICML 2023Global Convergence of Sub-gradient Method for Robust Matrix Recovery: Small Initialization, Noisy Measurements, and Over-parameterization
47. ICML 2023Global Selection of Contrastive Batches via Optimization on Sample Permutations
48. ICML 2023High-Probability Bounds for Stochastic Optimization and Variational Inequalities: the Case of Unbounded Variance
49. ICML 2023Identifiability of Label Noise Transition Matrix
50. ICML 2023Identification of the Adversary from a Single Adversarial Example

FAQ

How many Mixture of Experts papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

904 in total: 236 in 2023, 119 in 2024, 223 in 2025, 326 in 2026.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 86 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 73 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 59 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 132 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 57 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 46 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 21 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Mixture of Experts papers?

NeurIPS, with 354 papers from 2023 to 2026.