Mixture of Experts papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Mixture of Experts went from 236 papers in 2023 to 326 in 2026, roughly 1.4x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Mixture of Experts work: 354 papers from 2023 to 2026, 39% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 79 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Optimization and Scaling, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Scaling Laws, is up 4.1x versus 1.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Biconvex Formulation for Stable Transport of Mixture Models with a Unique Solution
• ICML 2026$\phi$-Balancing for Mixture-of-Experts Training
• ICLR 2026A Federated Generalized Expectation-Maximization Algorithm for Mixture Models with an Unknown Number of Components
• CVPR 2026Divide Conquer and Aggregate Asymmetric Experts for Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Medical
• NeurIPS 2025Advancing Expert Specialization for Better MoE
• ICML 2025$\texttt{I$^2$MoE}$: Interpretable Multimodal Interaction-aware Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2025A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection
• CVPR 2025Complexity Experts are Task-Discriminative Learners for Any Image Restoration
• NeurIPS 2024$\texttt{Model-GLUE}$: Democratized LLM Scaling for A Large Model Zoo in the Wild
• ICML 2024$\texttt{MoE-RBench}$: Towards Building Reliable Language Models with Sparse Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2024Fusing Models with Complementary Expertise
• CVPR 2024MoDE: CLIP Data Experts via Clustering
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Numerical influence of ReLU'(0) on backpropagation
• ICML 2023A Distribution Optimization Framework for Confidence Bounds of Risk Measures
• ICLR 2023Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Models
• CVPR 2023Balanced Product of Calibrated Experts for Long-Tailed Recognition
• NeurIPS 2026AdERA: Adaptive Exponent Reuse for Lossless Allgather in Sharded MoE Training
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Abstracting Robot Manipulation Skills via Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Policies
• CVPR 2026ERMoE Eigen-Reparameterized Mixture-of-Experts for Stable Routing and Interpretable Specialization

All Mixture of Experts papers

223 papers, page 5 of 5

201. NeurIPS 2025On the Expressive Power of Mixture-of-Experts for Structured Complex Tasks
202. NeurIPS 2025Online Mixture of Experts: No-Regret Learning for Optimal Collective Decision-Making
203. NeurIPS 2025Optimistic Query Routing in Clustering-based Approximate Maximum Inner Product Search
204. NeurIPS 2025PT-MoE: An Efficient Finetuning Framework for Integrating Mixture-of-Experts into Prompt Tuning
205. NeurIPS 2025Restricted Spectral Gap Decomposition for Simulated Tempering Targeting Mixture Distributions
206. NeurIPS 2025RoME: Domain-Robust Mixture-of-Experts for MILP Solution Prediction across Domains
207. NeurIPS 2025Routing Mamba: Scaling State Space Models with Mixture-of-Experts Projection
208. NeurIPS 2025S'MoRE: Structural Mixture of Residual Experts for Parameter-Efficient LLM Fine-tuning
209. NeurIPS 2025Scaling Unlocks Broader Generation and Deeper Functional Understanding of Proteins
210. NeurIPS 2025Soft Task-Aware Routing of Experts for Equivariant Representation Learning
211. NeurIPS 2025StableGuard: Towards Unified Copyright Protection and Tamper Localization in Latent Diffusion Models
212. NeurIPS 2025Symmetry-Preserving Conformer Ensemble Networks for Molecular Representation Learning
213. NeurIPS 2025TANDEM: Bi-Level Data Mixture Optimization with Twin Networks
214. NeurIPS 2025The Effect of Optimal Self-Distillation in Noisy Gaussian Mixture Model
215. NeurIPS 2025The Omni-Expert: A Computationally Efficient Approach to Achieve a Mixture of Experts in a Single Expert Model
216. NeurIPS 2025Toward Efficient Inference Attacks: Shadow Model Sharing via Mixture-of-Experts
217. NeurIPS 2025Towards Interpretability Without Sacrifice: Faithful Dense Layer Decomposition with Mixture of Decoders
218. NeurIPS 2025Two Experts Are All You Need for Steering Thinking: Reinforcing Cognitive Effort in MoE Reasoning Models Without Additional Training
219. NeurIPS 2025UGG-ReID: Uncertainty-Guided Graph Model for Multi-Modal Object Re-Identification
220. NeurIPS 2025UMoE: Unifying Attention and FFN with Shared Experts
221. NeurIPS 2025Unifying and Enhancing Graph Transformers via a Hierarchical Mask Framework
222. NeurIPS 2025Where Graph Meets Heterogeneity: Multi-View Collaborative Graph Experts
223. NeurIPS 2025Who Speaks for the Trigger? Dynamic Expert Routing in Backdoored Mixture-of-Experts Transformers

FAQ

How many Mixture of Experts papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

904 in total: 236 in 2023, 119 in 2024, 223 in 2025, 326 in 2026.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 86 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 73 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 59 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 132 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 57 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 46 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 21 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Mixture of Experts papers?

NeurIPS, with 354 papers from 2023 to 2026.