Mixture of Experts papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Mixture of Experts went from 236 papers in 2023 to 326 in 2026, roughly 1.4x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Mixture of Experts work: 354 papers from 2023 to 2026, 39% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 79 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Optimization and Scaling, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Scaling Laws, is up 4.1x versus 1.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Biconvex Formulation for Stable Transport of Mixture Models with a Unique Solution
• ICML 2026$\phi$-Balancing for Mixture-of-Experts Training
• ICLR 2026A Federated Generalized Expectation-Maximization Algorithm for Mixture Models with an Unknown Number of Components
• CVPR 2026Divide Conquer and Aggregate Asymmetric Experts for Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Medical
• NeurIPS 2025Advancing Expert Specialization for Better MoE
• ICML 2025$\texttt{I$^2$MoE}$: Interpretable Multimodal Interaction-aware Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2025A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection
• CVPR 2025Complexity Experts are Task-Discriminative Learners for Any Image Restoration
• NeurIPS 2024$\texttt{Model-GLUE}$: Democratized LLM Scaling for A Large Model Zoo in the Wild
• ICML 2024$\texttt{MoE-RBench}$: Towards Building Reliable Language Models with Sparse Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2024Fusing Models with Complementary Expertise
• CVPR 2024MoDE: CLIP Data Experts via Clustering
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Numerical influence of ReLU'(0) on backpropagation
• ICML 2023A Distribution Optimization Framework for Confidence Bounds of Risk Measures
• ICLR 2023Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Models
• CVPR 2023Balanced Product of Calibrated Experts for Long-Tailed Recognition
• NeurIPS 2026AdERA: Adaptive Exponent Reuse for Lossless Allgather in Sharded MoE Training
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Abstracting Robot Manipulation Skills via Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Policies
• CVPR 2026ERMoE Eigen-Reparameterized Mixture-of-Experts for Stable Routing and Interpretable Specialization

All Mixture of Experts papers

223 papers, page 2 of 5

51. ICLR 2025Mixture of Attentions For Speculative Decoding
52. ICLR 2025Mixture of Experts Made Personalized: Federated Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Models
53. ICLR 2025Mixture of In-Context Prompters for Tabular PFNs
54. ICLR 2025Mixture of Parrots: Experts improve memorization more than reasoning
55. ICLR 2025Mixture-of-Agents Enhances Large Language Model Capabilities
56. ICLR 2025MoE++: Accelerating Mixture-of-Experts Methods with Zero-Computation Experts
57. ICLR 2025MoLEx: Mixture of Layer Experts for Fine-tuning with Sparse Upcycling
58. ICLR 2025Monet: Mixture of Monosemantic Experts for Transformers
59. ICLR 2025More Experts Than Galaxies: Conditionally-Overlapping Experts with Biologically-Inspired Fixed Routing
60. ICLR 2025MoS: Unleashing Parameter Efficiency of Low-Rank Adaptation with Mixture of Shards
61. ICLR 2025Multiple Heads are Better than One: Mixture of Modality Knowledge Experts for Entity Representation Learning
62. ICLR 2025NetMoE: Accelerating MoE Training through Dynamic Sample Placement
63. ICLR 2025No Need to Talk: Asynchronous Mixture of Language Models
64. ICLR 2025OLMoE: Open Mixture-of-Experts Language Models
65. ICLR 2025pMoE: Prompting Diverse Experts Together Wins More in Visual Adaptation
66. ICLR 2025Provable Uncertainty Decomposition via Higher-Order Calibration
67. ICLR 2025RegMix: Data Mixture as Regression for Language Model Pre-training
68. ICLR 2025ReMoE: Fully Differentiable Mixture-of-Experts with ReLU Routing
69. ICLR 2025Revisiting Prefix-tuning: Statistical Benefits of Reparameterization among Prompts
70. ICLR 2025Routing Experts: Learning to Route Dynamic Experts in Existing Multi-modal Large Language Models
71. ICLR 2025Self-MoE: Towards Compositional Large Language Models with Self-Specialized Experts
72. ICLR 2025Solving Token Gradient Conflict in Mixture-of-Experts for Large Vision-Language Model
73. ICLR 2025Statistical Advantages of Perturbing Cosine Router in Mixture of Experts
74. ICLR 2025TC-MoE: Augmenting Mixture of Experts with Ternary Expert Choice
75. ICLR 2025Theory on Mixture-of-Experts in Continual Learning
76. ICLR 2025Tight Clusters Make Specialized Experts
77. ICLR 2025Time-MoE: Billion-Scale Time Series Foundation Models with Mixture of Experts
78. ICLR 2025Transformers Provably Learn Two-Mixture of Linear Classification via Gradient Flow
79. ICLR 2025Warm Diffusion: Recipe for Blur-Noise Mixture Diffusion Models
80. ICLR 2025Your Mixture-of-Experts LLM Is Secretly an Embedding Model for Free
81. ICML 2025$\texttt{I$^2$MoE}$: Interpretable Multimodal Interaction-aware Mixture-of-Experts
82. ICML 2025A Generic Family of Graphical Models: Diversity, Efficiency, and Heterogeneity
83. ICML 2025A Stronger Mixture of Low-Rank Experts for Fine-Tuning Foundation Models
84. ICML 2025Addressing Imbalanced Domain-Incremental Learning through Dual-Balance Collaborative Experts
85. ICML 2025Autonomy-of-Experts Models
86. ICML 2025Bayesian Inference for Correlated Human Experts and Classifiers
87. ICML 2025Chameleon: A Flexible Data-mixing Framework for Language Model Pretraining and Finetuning
88. ICML 2025Cooperation of Experts: Fusing Heterogeneous Information with Large Margin
89. ICML 2025DEFAME: Dynamic Evidence-based FAct-checking with Multimodal Experts
90. ICML 2025Delta Decompression for MoE-based LLMs Compression
91. ICML 2025Diff-MoE: Diffusion Transformer with Time-Aware and Space-Adaptive Experts
92. ICML 2025Domain2Vec: Vectorizing Datasets to Find the Optimal Data Mixture without Training
93. ICML 2025Dynamic Mixture of Curriculum LoRA Experts for Continual Multimodal Instruction Tuning
94. ICML 2025Expert Race: A Flexible Routing Strategy for Scaling Diffusion Transformer with Mixture of Experts
95. ICML 2025FlexiReID: Adaptive Mixture of Expert for Multi-Modal Person Re-Identification
96. ICML 2025FloE: On-the-Fly MoE Inference on Memory-constrained GPU
97. ICML 2025Gaussian Mixture Flow Matching Models
98. ICML 2025Graph Neural Network Generalization With Gaussian Mixture Model Based Augmentation
99. ICML 2025Joint MoE Scaling Laws: Mixture of Experts Can Be Memory Efficient
100. ICML 2025Learning Mixtures of Experts with EM: A Mirror Descent Perspective

FAQ

How many Mixture of Experts papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

904 in total: 236 in 2023, 119 in 2024, 223 in 2025, 326 in 2026.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 86 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 73 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 59 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 132 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 57 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 46 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 21 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Mixture of Experts papers?

NeurIPS, with 354 papers from 2023 to 2026.