General ML · reinforcement learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · reinforcement learning went from 287 papers in 2023 to 575 in 2026, roughly 2.0x in three years.
• ICLR publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning work: 847 papers from 2023 to 2026, 51% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 34 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 2.0x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback
• ICML 2026De-attribute to Forget for LLM Unlearning
• ICLR 2026AbstRaL: Augmenting LLMs' Reasoning by Reinforcing Abstract Thinking
• CVPR 2026Dynamic Important Example Mining for Reinforcement Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2025RULE: Reinforcement UnLEarning Achieves Forget-retain Pareto Optimality
• ICML 2025The Number of Trials Matters in Infinite-Horizon General-Utility Markov Decision Processes
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Off-Policy Learning with Partially-Observed Reward
• CVPR 2025Automated Proof of Polynomial Inequalities via Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2024Learning General Parameterized Policies for Infinite Horizon Average Reward Constrained MDPs via Primal-Dual Policy Gradient Algorithm
• ICML 2024Provable Risk-Sensitive Distributional Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2024Bandits with Replenishable Knapsacks: the Best of both Worlds
• CVPR 2024Improving Unsupervised Hierarchical Representation with Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023General Munchausen Reinforcement Learning with Tsallis Kullback-Leibler Divergence
• ICML 2023Non-stationary Reinforcement Learning under General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2023A General Framework for Sample-Efficient Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2023Frustratingly Easy Regularization on Representation Can Boost Deep Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Stop: Selective Imitation Learning Under Arbitrary Dynamics Shift
• ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2026APPLE: Toward General Active Perception via Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2026Reinforcement-Guided Synthetic Data Generation for Privacy-Sensitive Identity Recognition

All General ML · reinforcement learning papers

411 papers, page 1 of 9

1. CVPR 2025Automated Proof of Polynomial Inequalities via Reinforcement Learning
2. CVPR 2025Towards Better Alignment: Training Diffusion Models with Reinforcement Learning Against Sparse Rewards
3. ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
4. ICLR 2025$q$-exponential family for policy optimization
5. ICLR 2025A Distributional Approach to Uncertainty-Aware Preference Alignment Using Offline Demonstrations
6. ICLR 2025A General Framework for Off-Policy Learning with Partially-Observed Reward
7. ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
8. ICLR 2025A Policy-Gradient Approach to Solving Imperfect-Information Games with Best-Iterate Convergence
9. ICLR 2025A Single Goal is All You Need: Skills and Exploration Emerge from Contrastive RL without Rewards, Demonstrations, or Subgoals
10. ICLR 2025A Theoretical Framework for Partially-Observed Reward States in RLHF
11. ICLR 2025Accelerating Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning Algorithms and Research
12. ICLR 2025Accelerating Task Generalisation with Multi-Level Skill Hierarchies
13. ICLR 2025ACTIVE: Offline Reinforcement Learning via Adaptive Imitation and In-sample $V$-Ensemble
14. ICLR 2025ActSafe: Active Exploration with Safety Constraints for Reinforcement Learning
15. ICLR 2025Adaptive $Q$-Network: On-the-fly Target Selection for Deep Reinforcement Learning
16. ICLR 2025Advantage Alignment Algorithms
17. ICLR 2025Adversarial Policy Optimization for Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning
18. ICLR 2025An Optimal Discriminator Weighted Imitation Perspective for Reinforcement Learning
19. ICLR 2025Any-step Dynamics Model Improves Future Predictions for Online and Offline Reinforcement Learning
20. ICLR 2025Asynchronous Federated Reinforcement Learning with Policy Gradient Updates: Algorithm Design and Convergence Analysis
21. ICLR 2025BAMDP Shaping: a Unified Framework for Intrinsic Motivation and Reward Shaping
22. ICLR 2025Bayesian Analysis of Combinatorial Gaussian Process Bandits
23. ICLR 2025Be More Diverse than the Most Diverse: Optimal Mixtures of Generative Models via Mixture-UCB Bandit Algorithms
24. ICLR 2025Behavioral Entropy-Guided Dataset Generation for Offline Reinforcement Learning
25. ICLR 2025Beyond-Expert Performance with Limited Demonstrations: Efficient Imitation Learning with Double Exploration
26. ICLR 2025Bisimulation Metric for Model Predictive Control
27. ICLR 2025BodyGen: Advancing Towards Efficient Embodiment Co-Design
28. ICLR 2025BOFormer: Learning to Solve Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization via Non-Markovian RL
29. ICLR 2025Bootstrapped Model Predictive Control
30. ICLR 2025Breaking the $\log(1/\Delta_2)$ Barrier: Better Batched Best Arm Identification with Adaptive Grids
31. ICLR 2025Building Math Agents with Multi-Turn Iterative Preference Learning
32. ICLR 2025Can a MISL Fly? Analysis and Ingredients for Mutual Information Skill Learning
33. ICLR 2025Can Reinforcement Learning Solve Asymmetric Combinatorial-Continuous Zero-Sum Games?
34. ICLR 2025Causal Information Prioritization for Efficient Reinforcement Learning
35. ICLR 2025COFlowNet: Conservative Constraints on Flows Enable High-Quality Candidate Generation
36. ICLR 2025ComaDICE: Offline Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stationary Distribution Shift Regularization
37. ICLR 2025Computationally Efficient RL under Linear Bellman Completeness for Deterministic Dynamics
38. ICLR 2025Conflict-Averse Gradient Aggregation for Constrained Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
39. ICLR 2025Conservative Contextual Bandits: Beyond Linear Representations
40. ICLR 2025Constraint-Conditioned Actor-Critic for Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning
41. ICLR 2025ContraDiff: Planning Towards High Return States via Contrastive Learning
42. ICLR 2025Cross-Domain Off-Policy Evaluation and Learning for Contextual Bandits
43. ICLR 2025Cross-Domain Offline Policy Adaptation with Optimal Transport and Dataset Constraint
44. ICLR 2025Cross-Embodiment Dexterous Grasping with Reinforcement Learning
45. ICLR 2025Data Center Cooling System Optimization Using Offline Reinforcement Learning
46. ICLR 2025DeepLTL: Learning to Efficiently Satisfy Complex LTL Specifications for Multi-Task RL
47. ICLR 2025Diffusing States and Matching Scores: A New Framework for Imitation Learning
48. ICLR 2025Diffusion Actor-Critic: Formulating Constrained Policy Iteration as Diffusion Noise Regression for Offline Reinforcement Learning
49. ICLR 2025Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization
50. ICLR 2025Discrete Codebook World Models for Continuous Control

FAQ

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,676 in total: 287 in 2023, 403 in 2024, 411 in 2025, 575 in 2026.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 108 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 335 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 230 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 71 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 14 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning papers?

ICLR, with 847 papers from 2023 to 2026.