General ML · reinforcement learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · reinforcement learning went from 287 papers in 2023 to 575 in 2026, roughly 2.0x in three years.
• ICLR publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning work: 847 papers from 2023 to 2026, 51% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 34 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 2.0x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback
• ICML 2026De-attribute to Forget for LLM Unlearning
• ICLR 2026AbstRaL: Augmenting LLMs' Reasoning by Reinforcing Abstract Thinking
• CVPR 2026Dynamic Important Example Mining for Reinforcement Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2025RULE: Reinforcement UnLEarning Achieves Forget-retain Pareto Optimality
• ICML 2025The Number of Trials Matters in Infinite-Horizon General-Utility Markov Decision Processes
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Off-Policy Learning with Partially-Observed Reward
• CVPR 2025Automated Proof of Polynomial Inequalities via Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2024Learning General Parameterized Policies for Infinite Horizon Average Reward Constrained MDPs via Primal-Dual Policy Gradient Algorithm
• ICML 2024Provable Risk-Sensitive Distributional Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2024Bandits with Replenishable Knapsacks: the Best of both Worlds
• CVPR 2024Improving Unsupervised Hierarchical Representation with Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023General Munchausen Reinforcement Learning with Tsallis Kullback-Leibler Divergence
• ICML 2023Non-stationary Reinforcement Learning under General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2023A General Framework for Sample-Efficient Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2023Frustratingly Easy Regularization on Representation Can Boost Deep Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Stop: Selective Imitation Learning Under Arbitrary Dynamics Shift
• ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2026APPLE: Toward General Active Perception via Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2026Reinforcement-Guided Synthetic Data Generation for Privacy-Sensitive Identity Recognition

All General ML · reinforcement learning papers

1,676 papers, page 8 of 34

351. ICML 2026Active Curriculum Refinement for Reinforcement Learning
352. ICML 2026ACTIVE-o3 : Empowering MLLMs with Active Perception via Pure Reinforcement Learning
353. ICML 2026AdamO: A Collapse-Suppressed Optimizer for Offline RL
354. ICML 2026Adaptive Reinforcement Learning for Unobservable Random Delays
355. ICML 2026AReaL-DTA: Dynamic Tree Attention for Efficient Reinforcement Learning of Large Language Models
356. ICML 2026ARLArena: A Unified Framework for Stable Agentic Reinforcement Learning
357. ICML 2026Beyond Token-level Supervision: Unlocking the Potential of Decoding-based Regression via Reinforcement Learning
358. ICML 2026BOOSTAPR: Boosting Automated Program Repair via Execution-Grounded Reinforcement Learning with Dual Reward Models
359. ICML 2026Bottleneck-Guided Spectral Subgoals For Offline Goal-Conditioned RL
360. ICML 2026BubbleSpec: Turning Long-Tail Bubbles into Speculative Rollout Drafts for Synchronous Reinforcement Learning
361. ICML 2026Chunk-Guided Q-Learning
362. ICML 2026Commit to the Bit: Reactive Reinforcement Learning Done Right
363. ICML 2026Compositional Behavioral Semantics for State Abstraction in Reinforcement Learning
364. ICML 2026Compositional Transduction with Latent Analogies for Offline Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning
365. ICML 2026Contextual Rollout Bandits for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards
366. ICML 2026Counterfactual Bootstrap for Robust Meta-Reinforcement Learning
367. ICML 2026Coupled Variational Reinforcement Learning for Language Model General Reasoning
368. ICML 2026Covariance Volume Maximization for Embodied Latent Exploration in Deep Reinforcement Learning
369. ICML 2026CSPO: Constraint-Sensitive Policy Optimization for Safe Reinforcement Learning
370. ICML 2026D-ARL: A Distribution-Matched Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning Framework for Language Reasoning
371. ICML 2026De-attribute to Forget for LLM Unlearning
372. ICML 2026Discounted Beta–Bernoulli Reward Estimation for Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards
373. ICML 2026Distributional Active Inference
374. ICML 2026Distributional Inverse Reinforcement Learning
375. ICML 2026DualCOIL: Offline Imitation Learning from Contrasting Demonstrations
376. ICML 2026Dynamic Optimizations of LLM Ensembles with Two-Stage Reinforcement Learning Agents
377. ICML 2026EchoRL: Reinforcement Learning via Rollout Echoing
378. ICML 2026Emergence of Exploration in Policy Gradient Reinforcement Learning via Retrying
379. ICML 2026Evaluating Parameter Efficient Methods for RLVR
380. ICML 2026Evolution Strategies at Scale: LLM Fine-Tuning Beyond Reinforcement Learning
381. ICML 2026Evolution Strategies at the Hyperscale
382. ICML 2026Exact Unlearning in Reinforcement Learning
383. ICML 2026Experience is the Best Teacher: Motivating Effective Exploration in Reinforcement Learning for LLMs
384. ICML 2026Formalizing Learning from Language Feedback with Provable Guarantees
385. ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
386. ICML 2026Frictional Q-Learning
387. ICML 2026From Absolute to Relative: Rethinking Reward Shaping in Group-Based Reinforcement Learning
388. ICML 2026From Reward-Free Representations to Preferences: Rethinking Offline Preference-Based Reinforcement Learning
389. ICML 2026Geometric Control of Out-of-Distribution Shift in Safe Offline RL
390. ICML 2026Good SFT Optimizes for SFT, Better SFT Prepares for Reinforcement Learning
391. ICML 2026ICR-RL: Deep Reinforcement Learning via In-Context-Regression
392. ICML 2026Impact of Connectivity on Laplacian Representations in Reinforcement Learning
393. ICML 2026Instance-Dependent Continuous-Time Reinforcement Learning via Maximum Likelihood Estimation
394. ICML 2026Intentional Updates for Streaming Reinforcement Learning
395. ICML 2026KAGE-Bench: Fast Known-Axis Visual Generalization Evaluation for Reinforcement Learning
396. ICML 2026Knapsack RL: Compute-Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Heterogeneous Rollout Allocation
397. ICML 2026Latent Representation Alignment for Offline Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning
398. ICML 2026Learning Anisotropic Value Geometry with Finsler Reinforcement Learning
399. ICML 2026Learning Interpretable Options by Identifying Reward Diffusion Bottlenecks in Reinforcement Learning
400. ICML 2026Learning Reward–Cost Balance in Safe RL via Score-Based World Models

FAQ

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,676 in total: 287 in 2023, 403 in 2024, 411 in 2025, 575 in 2026.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 108 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 335 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 230 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 71 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 14 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning papers?

ICLR, with 847 papers from 2023 to 2026.