General ML · reinforcement learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · reinforcement learning went from 287 papers in 2023 to 575 in 2026, roughly 2.0x in three years.
• ICLR publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning work: 847 papers from 2023 to 2026, 51% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 34 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 2.0x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback
• ICML 2026De-attribute to Forget for LLM Unlearning
• ICLR 2026AbstRaL: Augmenting LLMs' Reasoning by Reinforcing Abstract Thinking
• CVPR 2026Dynamic Important Example Mining for Reinforcement Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2025RULE: Reinforcement UnLEarning Achieves Forget-retain Pareto Optimality
• ICML 2025The Number of Trials Matters in Infinite-Horizon General-Utility Markov Decision Processes
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Off-Policy Learning with Partially-Observed Reward
• CVPR 2025Automated Proof of Polynomial Inequalities via Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2024Learning General Parameterized Policies for Infinite Horizon Average Reward Constrained MDPs via Primal-Dual Policy Gradient Algorithm
• ICML 2024Provable Risk-Sensitive Distributional Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2024Bandits with Replenishable Knapsacks: the Best of both Worlds
• CVPR 2024Improving Unsupervised Hierarchical Representation with Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023General Munchausen Reinforcement Learning with Tsallis Kullback-Leibler Divergence
• ICML 2023Non-stationary Reinforcement Learning under General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2023A General Framework for Sample-Efficient Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2023Frustratingly Easy Regularization on Representation Can Boost Deep Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Stop: Selective Imitation Learning Under Arbitrary Dynamics Shift
• ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2026APPLE: Toward General Active Perception via Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2026Reinforcement-Guided Synthetic Data Generation for Privacy-Sensitive Identity Recognition

All General ML · reinforcement learning papers

411 papers, page 3 of 9

101. ICLR 2025Langevin Soft Actor-Critic: Efficient Exploration through Uncertainty-Driven Critic Learning
102. ICLR 2025Language Guided Skill Discovery
103. ICLR 2025Latent Safety-Constrained Policy Approach for Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning
104. ICLR 2025Lean-STaR: Learning to Interleave Thinking and Proving
105. ICLR 2025Learning a Fast Mixing Exogenous Block MDP using a Single Trajectory
106. ICLR 2025Learning from negative feedback, or positive feedback or both
107. ICLR 2025Learning Generalizable Skills from Offline Multi-Task Data for Multi-Agent Cooperation
108. ICLR 2025Learning mirror maps in policy mirror descent
109. ICLR 2025Learning on One Mode: Addressing Multi-modality in Offline Reinforcement Learning
110. ICLR 2025Learning Robust Representations with Long-Term Information for Generalization in Visual Reinforcement Learning
111. ICLR 2025Learning Splitting Heuristics in Divide-and-Conquer SAT Solvers with Reinforcement Learning
112. ICLR 2025Learning Task Belief Similarity with Latent Dynamics for Meta-Reinforcement Learning
113. ICLR 2025Learning to Communicate Through Implicit Communication Channels
114. ICLR 2025Learning to Search from Demonstration Sequences
115. ICLR 2025Learning to Steer Markovian Agents under Model Uncertainty
116. ICLR 2025Learning Transformer-based World Models with Contrastive Predictive Coding
117. ICLR 2025Learning View-invariant World Models for Visual Robotic Manipulation
118. ICLR 2025Leveraging Sub-Optimal Data for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning
119. ICLR 2025Long-Short Decision Transformer: Bridging Global and Local Dependencies for Generalized Decision-Making
120. ICLR 2025Looking into User’s Long-term Interests through the Lens of Conservative Evidential Learning
121. ICLR 2025M^3PC: Test-time Model Predictive Control using Pretrained Masked Trajectory Model
122. ICLR 2025MA$^2$E: Addressing Partial Observability in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Masked Auto-Encoder
123. ICLR 2025MAD-TD: Model-Augmented Data stabilizes High Update Ratio RL
124. ICLR 2025MaestroMotif: Skill Design from Artificial Intelligence Feedback
125. ICLR 2025MaxInfoRL: Boosting exploration in reinforcement learning through information gain maximization
126. ICLR 2025Minimax Optimal Reinforcement Learning with Quasi-Optimism
127. ICLR 2025Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimization
128. ICLR 2025Mitigating Reward Over-Optimization in RLHF via Behavior-Supported Regularization
129. ICLR 2025Model Risk-sensitive Offline Reinforcement Learning
130. ICLR 2025Model-based Offline Reinforcement Learning with Lower Expectile Q-Learning
131. ICLR 2025Model-based RL as a Minimalist Approach to Horizon-Free and Second-Order Bounds
132. ICLR 2025Model-Free Offline Reinforcement Learning with Enhanced Robustness
133. ICLR 2025Modeling Unseen Environments with Language-guided Composable Causal Components in Reinforcement Learning
134. ICLR 2025Multi-agent cooperation through learning-aware policy gradients
135. ICLR 2025Near-Optimal Online Learning for Multi-Agent Submodular Coordination: Tight Approximation and Communication Efficiency
136. ICLR 2025Near-Optimal Policy Identification in Robust Constrained Markov Decision Processes via Epigraph Form
137. ICLR 2025Neural Dueling Bandits: Preference-Based Optimization with Human Feedback
138. ICLR 2025Neural Stochastic Differential Equations for Uncertainty-Aware Offline RL
139. ICLR 2025Neuroplastic Expansion in Deep Reinforcement Learning
140. ICLR 2025Noise-conditioned Energy-based Annealed Rewards (NEAR): A Generative Framework for Imitation Learning from Observation
141. ICLR 2025Non-Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning via Successor Feature Matching
142. ICLR 2025Null Counterfactual Factor Interactions for Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning
143. ICLR 2025ODE-based Smoothing Neural Network for Reinforcement Learning Tasks
144. ICLR 2025Offline Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning via Inverse Optimization
145. ICLR 2025Offline RL in Regular Decision Processes: Sample Efficiency via Language Metrics
146. ICLR 2025Offline RL with Smooth OOD Generalization in Convex Hull and its Neighborhood
147. ICLR 2025OGBench: Benchmarking Offline Goal-Conditioned RL
148. ICLR 2025On Bits and Bandits: Quantifying the Regret-Information Trade-off
149. ICLR 2025On Generalization Across Environments In Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
150. ICLR 2025On Minimizing Adversarial Counterfactual Error in Adversarial Reinforcement Learning

FAQ

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,676 in total: 287 in 2023, 403 in 2024, 411 in 2025, 575 in 2026.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 108 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 335 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 230 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 71 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 14 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning papers?

ICLR, with 847 papers from 2023 to 2026.