General ML · reinforcement learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · reinforcement learning went from 287 papers in 2023 to 575 in 2026, roughly 2.0x in three years.
• ICLR publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning work: 847 papers from 2023 to 2026, 51% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 34 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 2.0x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback
• ICML 2026De-attribute to Forget for LLM Unlearning
• ICLR 2026AbstRaL: Augmenting LLMs' Reasoning by Reinforcing Abstract Thinking
• CVPR 2026Dynamic Important Example Mining for Reinforcement Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2025RULE: Reinforcement UnLEarning Achieves Forget-retain Pareto Optimality
• ICML 2025The Number of Trials Matters in Infinite-Horizon General-Utility Markov Decision Processes
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Off-Policy Learning with Partially-Observed Reward
• CVPR 2025Automated Proof of Polynomial Inequalities via Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2024Learning General Parameterized Policies for Infinite Horizon Average Reward Constrained MDPs via Primal-Dual Policy Gradient Algorithm
• ICML 2024Provable Risk-Sensitive Distributional Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2024Bandits with Replenishable Knapsacks: the Best of both Worlds
• CVPR 2024Improving Unsupervised Hierarchical Representation with Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023General Munchausen Reinforcement Learning with Tsallis Kullback-Leibler Divergence
• ICML 2023Non-stationary Reinforcement Learning under General Function Approximation
• ICLR 2023A General Framework for Sample-Efficient Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2023Frustratingly Easy Regularization on Representation Can Boost Deep Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Stop: Selective Imitation Learning Under Arbitrary Dynamics Shift
• ICML 2026Fox in the Henhouse: Supply-Chain Backdoor Attacks Against Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2026APPLE: Toward General Active Perception via Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2026Reinforcement-Guided Synthetic Data Generation for Privacy-Sensitive Identity Recognition

All General ML · reinforcement learning papers

1,676 papers, page 13 of 34

601. ICLR 2025Bisimulation Metric for Model Predictive Control
602. ICLR 2025BodyGen: Advancing Towards Efficient Embodiment Co-Design
603. ICLR 2025BOFormer: Learning to Solve Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization via Non-Markovian RL
604. ICLR 2025Bootstrapped Model Predictive Control
605. ICLR 2025Breaking the $\log(1/\Delta_2)$ Barrier: Better Batched Best Arm Identification with Adaptive Grids
606. ICLR 2025Building Math Agents with Multi-Turn Iterative Preference Learning
607. ICLR 2025Can a MISL Fly? Analysis and Ingredients for Mutual Information Skill Learning
608. ICLR 2025Can Reinforcement Learning Solve Asymmetric Combinatorial-Continuous Zero-Sum Games?
609. ICLR 2025Causal Information Prioritization for Efficient Reinforcement Learning
610. ICLR 2025COFlowNet: Conservative Constraints on Flows Enable High-Quality Candidate Generation
611. ICLR 2025ComaDICE: Offline Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stationary Distribution Shift Regularization
612. ICLR 2025Computationally Efficient RL under Linear Bellman Completeness for Deterministic Dynamics
613. ICLR 2025Conflict-Averse Gradient Aggregation for Constrained Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
614. ICLR 2025Conservative Contextual Bandits: Beyond Linear Representations
615. ICLR 2025Constraint-Conditioned Actor-Critic for Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning
616. ICLR 2025ContraDiff: Planning Towards High Return States via Contrastive Learning
617. ICLR 2025Cross-Domain Off-Policy Evaluation and Learning for Contextual Bandits
618. ICLR 2025Cross-Domain Offline Policy Adaptation with Optimal Transport and Dataset Constraint
619. ICLR 2025Cross-Embodiment Dexterous Grasping with Reinforcement Learning
620. ICLR 2025Data Center Cooling System Optimization Using Offline Reinforcement Learning
621. ICLR 2025DeepLTL: Learning to Efficiently Satisfy Complex LTL Specifications for Multi-Task RL
622. ICLR 2025Diffusing States and Matching Scores: A New Framework for Imitation Learning
623. ICLR 2025Diffusion Actor-Critic: Formulating Constrained Policy Iteration as Diffusion Noise Regression for Offline Reinforcement Learning
624. ICLR 2025Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization
625. ICLR 2025Discrete Codebook World Models for Continuous Control
626. ICLR 2025Discrete GCBF Proximal Policy Optimization for Multi-agent Safe Optimal Control
627. ICLR 2025Discriminator-Guided Embodied Planning for LLM Agent
628. ICLR 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planning
629. ICLR 2025Don't flatten, tokenize! Unlocking the key to SoftMoE's efficacy in deep RL
630. ICLR 2025DOPL: Direct Online Preference Learning for Restless Bandits with Preference Feedback
631. ICLR 2025Doubly Optimal Policy Evaluation for Reinforcement Learning
632. ICLR 2025Drama: Mamba-Enabled Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Is Sample and Parameter Efficient
633. ICLR 2025Dynamic Contrastive Skill Learning with State-Transition Based Skill Clustering and Dynamic Length Adjustment
634. ICLR 2025Efficient Action-Constrained Reinforcement Learning via Acceptance-Rejection Method and Augmented MDPs
635. ICLR 2025Efficient Active Imitation Learning with Random Network Distillation
636. ICLR 2025Efficient Discovery of Pareto Front for Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
637. ICLR 2025Efficient Exploration and Discriminative World Model Learning with an Object-Centric Abstraction
638. ICLR 2025Efficient Imitation under Misspecification
639. ICLR 2025Efficient Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Through Optimistic Thompson Sampling
640. ICLR 2025Efficient Off-Policy Learning for High-Dimensional Action Spaces
641. ICLR 2025Efficient Online Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning Need Not Retain Offline Data
642. ICLR 2025Efficient Policy Evaluation with Safety Constraint for Reinforcement Learning
643. ICLR 2025Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Large Language Model Priors
644. ICLR 2025Enabling Realtime Reinforcement Learning at Scale with Staggered Asynchronous Inference
645. ICLR 2025Energy-Weighted Flow Matching for Offline Reinforcement Learning
646. ICLR 2025Episodic Novelty Through Temporal Distance
647. ICLR 2025Epistemic Monte Carlo Tree Search
648. ICLR 2025eQMARL: Entangled Quantum Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Distributed Cooperation over Quantum Channels
649. ICLR 2025Expected Return Symmetries
650. ICLR 2025Exploiting Structure in Offline Multi-Agent RL: The Benefits of Low Interaction Rank

FAQ

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,676 in total: 287 in 2023, 403 in 2024, 411 in 2025, 575 in 2026.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 108 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 335 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 230 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 113 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 71 the year before.

How many General ML · reinforcement learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 14 General ML · reinforcement learning papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · reinforcement learning papers?

ICLR, with 847 papers from 2023 to 2026.