General ML · evaluation papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · evaluation went from 53 papers in 2023 to 230 in 2026, roughly 4.3x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most General ML · evaluation work: 270 papers from 2023 to 2026, 45% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 47 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · reinforcement learning, is up 2.0x versus 4.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AI Construct Lexis: An Ontology of the Hidden Assumptions in AI Evaluation
• ICML 2026A Computational Framework for Evaluating Human-likeness in LLMs' Open-ended Human Behaviors
• ICLR 2026Unlearning Evaluation through Subset Statistical Independence
• CVPR 2026Bridging the Perception Gap in Image Super-Resolution Evaluation
• NeurIPS 2025Adaptive Distraction: Probing LLM Contextual Robustness with Automated Tree Search
• ICML 2025AKRMap: Adaptive Kernel Regression for Trustworthy Visualization of Cross-Modal Embeddings
• ICLR 2025On Speeding Up Language Model Evaluation
• CVPR 2025ODE: Open-Set Evaluation of Hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024Accuracy is Not All You Need
• ICML 2024A Fine-grained Analysis of Fitted Q-evaluation: Beyond Parametric Models
• ICLR 2024BatchPrompt: Accomplish more with less
• CVPR 2024Animating General Image with Large Visual Motion Model
• NeurIPS 2023AQuA: A Benchmarking Tool for Label Quality Assessment
• ICML 2023Regions of Reliability in the Evaluation of Multivariate Probabilistic Forecasts
• ICLR 2023Beyond calibration: estimating the grouping loss of modern neural networks
• CVPR 2023GeneCIS: A Benchmark for General Conditional Image Similarity
• NeurIPS 2026AMUSE: Anytime Muon with Stable Gradient Evaluation
• ICML 2026A Two-Tier Perspective on Inference-Time Parallelism in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
• ICLR 2026Choices Speak Louder than Questions
• CVPR 2026Towards Reliable Evaluation of Adversarial Robustness for Spiking Neural Networks

All General ML · evaluation papers

71 papers, page 1 of 2

1. ICLR 2026A General Framework for Black-Box Attacks Under Cost Asymmetry
2. ICLR 2026A Relative Error-Based Evaluation Framework of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimators
3. ICLR 2026Beyond the Heatmap: A Rigorous Evaluation of Component Impact in MCTS-Based TSP Solvers
4. ICLR 2026Choices Speak Louder than Questions
5. ICLR 2026Conformalized Survival Counterfactuals Prediction for General Right-Censored Data
6. ICLR 2026DUET: Optimizing LLM Training Data Mixtures via Noisy Feedback from Unseen, Downstream Evaluation Tasks
7. ICLR 2026Fewer Battles, More Gain: An Information-Efficient Framework for Arena-based LLM Evaluation
8. ICLR 2026Holistic Agent Leaderboard: The Missing Infrastructure for AI Agent Evaluation
9. ICLR 2026Internal Evaluation of Density-Based Clusterings with Noise
10. ICLR 2026LFQA-E: Carefully Benchmarking Long-form QA Evaluation
11. ICLR 2026Multiple-Prediction-Powered Inference
12. ICLR 2026Off-Policy Evaluation for Ranking Policies under Deterministic Logging Policies
13. ICLR 2026Predicting Training Re-evaluation Curves Enables Effective Data Curriculums for LLMs
14. ICLR 2026Quantum machine learning advantages beyond hardness of evaluation
15. ICLR 2026Rectified Decoupled Dataset Distillation: A Closer Look for Fair and Comprehensive Evaluation
16. ICLR 2026Rethinking LLM Evaluation: Can We Evaluate LLMs with 200× Less Data?
17. ICLR 2026SEED: Towards More Accurate Semantic Evaluation for Visual Brain Decoding
18. ICLR 2026The Lie of the Average: How Class Incremental Learning Evaluation Deceives You?
19. ICLR 2026Unlearning Evaluation through Subset Statistical Independence
20. ICLR 2025AgentStudio: A Toolkit for Building General Virtual Agents
21. ICLR 2025AutoBencher: Towards Declarative Benchmark Construction
22. ICLR 2025Conformalized Survival Analysis for General Right-Censored Data
23. ICLR 2025Do LLMs estimate uncertainty well in instruction-following?
24. ICLR 2025Has the Deep Neural Network learned the Stochastic Process? An Evaluation Viewpoint
25. ICLR 2025Limits to scalable evaluation at the frontier: LLM as judge won’t beat twice the data
26. ICLR 2025MathGAP: Out-of-Distribution Evaluation on Problems with Arbitrarily Complex Proofs
27. ICLR 2025McEval: Massively Multilingual Code Evaluation
28. ICLR 2025MixEval-X: Any-to-any Evaluations from Real-world Data Mixture
29. ICLR 2025MUSE: Machine Unlearning Six-Way Evaluation for Language Models
30. ICLR 2025On Speeding Up Language Model Evaluation
31. ICLR 2025PerturboLLaVA: Reducing Multimodal Hallucinations with Perturbative Visual Training
32. ICLR 2025ProteinBench: A Holistic Evaluation of Protein Foundation Models
33. ICLR 2025Re-evaluating Open-ended Evaluation of Large Language Models
34. ICLR 2025Size-Generalizable RNA Structure Evaluation by Exploring Hierarchical Geometries
35. ICLR 2025Statistical Tractability of Off-policy Evaluation of History-dependent Policies in POMDPs
36. ICLR 2025TimeMixer++: A General Time Series Pattern Machine for Universal Predictive Analysis
37. ICLR 2025Wasserstein-Regularized Conformal Prediction under General Distribution Shift
38. ICLR 2025Zero-cost Proxy for Adversarial Robustness Evaluation
39. ICLR 2024BatchPrompt: Accomplish more with less
40. ICLR 2024Flow Matching on General Geometries
41. ICLR 2024General Graph Random Features
42. ICLR 2024Grokking as a First Order Phase Transition in Two Layer Networks
43. ICLR 2024In defense of parameter sharing for model-compression
44. ICLR 2024Learning to Reject Meets Long-tail Learning
45. ICLR 2024MT-Ranker: Reference-free machine translation evaluation by inter-system ranking
46. ICLR 2024Neural Optimal Transport with General Cost Functionals
47. ICLR 2024Parallelizing non-linear sequential models over the sequence length
48. ICLR 2024Predicting Emergent Abilities with Infinite Resolution Evaluation
49. ICLR 2024Safe Collaborative Filtering
50. ICLR 2024SAS: Structured Activation Sparsification

FAQ

How many General ML · evaluation papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

606 in total: 53 in 2023, 115 in 2024, 208 in 2025, 230 in 2026.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 57 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 124 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 19 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 19 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 148 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 58 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 6 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 7 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · evaluation papers?

NeurIPS, with 270 papers from 2023 to 2026.