External Memory papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• External Memory went from 21 papers in 2023 to 56 in 2026, roughly 2.7x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most External Memory work: 46 papers from 2023 to 2026, 35% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 9 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Long Context and Memory, it ranks #5 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Retrieval Memory, is up 6.6x versus 2.7x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026Efficient Memory Crystallization for Graph Learning under Non-Stationary Distribution Shifts
• ICML 2026A Queueing-Theoretic Framework for Stability Analysis of LLM Inference with KV Cache Memory Constraints
• ICLR 2026Pre-training Limited Memory Language Models with Internal and External Knowledge
• CVPR 2026Spatial-SAM Spatially Consistent 3D Electron Microscopy Segmentation with SDF Memory
• NeurIPS 2025Future Link Prediction Without Memory or Aggregation
• ICML 2025Agent Workflow Memory
• ICLR 2025BitStack: Any-Size Compression of Large Language Models in Variable Memory Environments
• CVPR 2025Breaking the Memory Barrier of Contrastive Loss via Tile-Based Strategy
• NeurIPS 2024Pipeline Parallelism with Controllable Memory
• ICML 2024Graph External Attention Enhanced Transformer
• ICLR 2024The Cost of Scaling Down Large Language Models: Reducing Model Size Affects Memory before In-context Learning
• CVPR 2024RTracker: Recoverable Tracking via PN Tree Structured Memory
• NeurIPS 2023Transformer as a hippocampal memory consolidation model based on NMDAR-inspired nonlinearity
• ICML 2023Memory-Based Meta-Learning on Non-Stationary Distributions
• ICLR 2023Mass-Editing Memory in a Transformer
• CVPR 2023Bilateral Memory Consolidation for Continual Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Memory Grafting: Scaling Language Model Pre-training via Offline Conditional Memory
• ICML 2026Generalized Linear Bandits with Memory
• ICLR 2026QKV Projections Require a Fraction of Their Memory
• CVPR 2026Captain Safari A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory

All External Memory papers

35 papers, page 1 of 1

1. ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
2. ICLR 2026Are LLMs Really Not Knowledgeable? Mining the Submerged Knowledge in LLMs' Memory
3. ICLR 2026ELMUR: External Layer Memory with Update/Rewrite for Long-Horizon RL
4. ICLR 2026Fresh in memory: Training-order recency is linearly encoded in language model activations
5. ICLR 2026Hippoformer: Integrating Hippocampus-inspired Spatial Memory with Transformers
6. ICLR 2026Improving Code Localization with Repository Memory
7. ICLR 2026MLP Memory: A Retriever-Pretrained Memory for Large Language Models
8. ICLR 2026Muon Outperforms Adam in Tail-End Associative Memory Learning
9. ICLR 2026Not All Bits Are Equal: How Model Scale Changes Memory-Optimal Reasoning
10. ICLR 2026Pre-training Limited Memory Language Models with Internal and External Knowledge
11. ICLR 2026QKV Projections Require a Fraction of Their Memory
12. ICLR 2026Redirection for Erasing Memory (REM): Towards a universal unlearning method for corrupted data
13. ICLR 2026Sublinear Spectral Clustering Oracle with Little Memory
14. ICLR 20253D-SPATIAL MULTIMODAL MEMORY
15. ICLR 2025Adam-mini: Use Fewer Learning Rates To Gain More
16. ICLR 2025An Evolved Universal Transformer Memory
17. ICLR 2025BitStack: Any-Size Compression of Large Language Models in Variable Memory Environments
18. ICLR 2025Connectome Mapping: Shape-Memory Network via Interpretation of Contextual Semantic Information
19. ICLR 2025ELICIT: LLM Augmentation Via External In-context Capability
20. ICLR 2025Learning Successor Features with Distributed Hebbian Temporal Memory
21. ICLR 2025Memory Mosaics
22. ICLR 2025MrSteve: Instruction-Following Agents in Minecraft with What-Where-When Memory
23. ICLR 2025Track-On: Transformer-based Online Point Tracking with Memory
24. ICLR 2024LMUFormer: Low Complexity Yet Powerful Spiking Model With Legendre Memory Units
25. ICLR 2024Memory-Consistent Neural Networks for Imitation Learning
26. ICLR 2024STanHop: Sparse Tandem Hopfield Model for Memory-Enhanced Time Series Prediction
27. ICLR 2024The Cost of Scaling Down Large Language Models: Reducing Model Size Affects Memory before In-context Learning
28. ICLR 2023A Model or 603 Exemplars: Towards Memory-Efficient Class-Incremental Learning
29. ICLR 2023GAMR: A Guided Attention Model for (visual) Reasoning
30. ICLR 2023Mass-Editing Memory in a Transformer
31. ICLR 2023Memory Gym: Partially Observable Challenges to Memory-Based Agents
32. ICLR 2023POPGym: Benchmarking Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning
33. ICLR 2023Replay Memory as An Empirical MDP: Combining Conservative Estimation with Experience Replay
34. ICLR 2023Short-Term Memory Convolutions
35. ICLR 2023Simplicial Hopfield networks

FAQ

How many External Memory papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

130 in total: 21 in 2023, 25 in 2024, 28 in 2025, 56 in 2026.

How many External Memory papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 26 External Memory papers, versus 12 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 13 External Memory papers, versus 10 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 13 External Memory papers, versus 3 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 4 External Memory papers, versus 3 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most External Memory papers?

NeurIPS, with 46 papers from 2023 to 2026.