External Memory papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• External Memory went from 21 papers in 2023 to 56 in 2026, roughly 2.7x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most External Memory work: 46 papers from 2023 to 2026, 35% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 9 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Long Context and Memory, it ranks #5 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Retrieval Memory, is up 6.6x versus 2.7x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026Efficient Memory Crystallization for Graph Learning under Non-Stationary Distribution Shifts
• ICML 2026A Queueing-Theoretic Framework for Stability Analysis of LLM Inference with KV Cache Memory Constraints
• ICLR 2026Pre-training Limited Memory Language Models with Internal and External Knowledge
• CVPR 2026Spatial-SAM Spatially Consistent 3D Electron Microscopy Segmentation with SDF Memory
• NeurIPS 2025Future Link Prediction Without Memory or Aggregation
• ICML 2025Agent Workflow Memory
• ICLR 2025BitStack: Any-Size Compression of Large Language Models in Variable Memory Environments
• CVPR 2025Breaking the Memory Barrier of Contrastive Loss via Tile-Based Strategy
• NeurIPS 2024Pipeline Parallelism with Controllable Memory
• ICML 2024Graph External Attention Enhanced Transformer
• ICLR 2024The Cost of Scaling Down Large Language Models: Reducing Model Size Affects Memory before In-context Learning
• CVPR 2024RTracker: Recoverable Tracking via PN Tree Structured Memory
• NeurIPS 2023Transformer as a hippocampal memory consolidation model based on NMDAR-inspired nonlinearity
• ICML 2023Memory-Based Meta-Learning on Non-Stationary Distributions
• ICLR 2023Mass-Editing Memory in a Transformer
• CVPR 2023Bilateral Memory Consolidation for Continual Learning
• NeurIPS 2026Memory Grafting: Scaling Language Model Pre-training via Offline Conditional Memory
• ICML 2026Generalized Linear Bandits with Memory
• ICLR 2026QKV Projections Require a Fraction of Their Memory
• CVPR 2026Captain Safari A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory

All External Memory papers

130 papers, page 3 of 3

101. ICML 2024Larimar: Large Language Models with Episodic Memory Control
102. ICML 2024Memoria: Resolving Fateful Forgetting Problem through Human-Inspired Memory Architecture
103. ICML 2024StableSSM: Alleviating the Curse of Memory in State-space Models through Stable Reparameterization
104. ICML 2024Structured Inverse-Free Natural Gradient Descent: Memory-Efficient & Numerically-Stable KFAC
105. ICML 2024Think Before You Act: Decision Transformers with Working Memory
106. ICML 2024Towards Interpretable Deep Local Learning with Successive Gradient Reconciliation
107. NeurIPS 20244-bit Shampoo for Memory-Efficient Network Training
108. NeurIPS 2024Pipeline Parallelism with Controllable Memory
109. NeurIPS 2024Towards Exact Gradient-based Training on Analog In-memory Computing
110. CVPR 2023Bilateral Memory Consolidation for Continual Learning
111. CVPR 2023GradMA: A Gradient-Memory-Based Accelerated Federated Learning With Alleviated Catastrophic Forgetting
112. CVPR 2023Hierarchical Neural Memory Network for Low Latency Event Processing
113. CVPR 2023Memory-Friendly Scalable Super-Resolution via Rewinding Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
114. CVPR 2023NaQ: Leveraging Narrations As Queries To Supervise Episodic Memory
115. CVPR 2023Token Turing Machines
116. ICLR 2023A Model or 603 Exemplars: Towards Memory-Efficient Class-Incremental Learning
117. ICLR 2023GAMR: A Guided Attention Model for (visual) Reasoning
118. ICLR 2023Mass-Editing Memory in a Transformer
119. ICLR 2023Memory Gym: Partially Observable Challenges to Memory-Based Agents
120. ICLR 2023POPGym: Benchmarking Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning
121. ICLR 2023Replay Memory as An Empirical MDP: Combining Conservative Estimation with Experience Replay
122. ICLR 2023Short-Term Memory Convolutions
123. ICLR 2023Simplicial Hopfield networks
124. ICML 2023Few-bit Backward: Quantized Gradients of Activation Functions for Memory Footprint Reduction
125. ICML 2023Memory-Based Meta-Learning on Non-Stationary Distributions
126. NeurIPS 2023Hypothesis Selection with Memory Constraints
127. NeurIPS 2023Memory Efficient Optimizers with 4-bit States
128. NeurIPS 2023Sequential Memory with Temporal Predictive Coding
129. NeurIPS 2023Thrust: Adaptively Propels Large Language Models with External Knowledge
130. NeurIPS 2023Transformer as a hippocampal memory consolidation model based on NMDAR-inspired nonlinearity

FAQ

How many External Memory papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

130 in total: 21 in 2023, 25 in 2024, 28 in 2025, 56 in 2026.

How many External Memory papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 26 External Memory papers, versus 12 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 13 External Memory papers, versus 10 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 13 External Memory papers, versus 3 the year before.

How many External Memory papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 4 External Memory papers, versus 3 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most External Memory papers?

NeurIPS, with 46 papers from 2023 to 2026.