Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · probabilistic methods went from 107 papers in 2023 to 107 in 2026, roughly 1.0x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Deep learning · probabilistic methods work: 440 papers from 2023 to 2026, 69% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Simulation for Driving: papers tagged with both rose from 5 in 2023 to 14 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #9 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 1.0x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Faster Algorithm for the Half-Trek Criterion in Structural Causal Models
• ICML 2026An Efficient Joint Learning Approach for Item Response Theory
• ICLR 2026Probabilistic Kernel Function for Fast Angle Testing
• CVPR 2026Beyond Text Visual Description Assembly by Probabilistic Model for CLIP-based
• NeurIPS 2025$\text{G}^2\text{M}$: A Generalized Gaussian Mirror Method to Boost Feature Selection Power
• ICML 2025Adjusting Model Size in Continual Gaussian Processes: How Big is Big Enough?
• ICLR 2025P-SPIKESSM: HARNESSING PROBABILISTIC SPIKING STATE SPACE MODELS FOR LONG-RANGE DEPENDENCY TASKS
• CVPR 2025ProbPose: A Probabilistic Approach to 2D Human Pose Estimation
• NeurIPS 2024[Re] GNNInterpreter: A probabilistic generative model-level explanation for Graph Neural Networks
• ICML 2024A Probabilistic Approach to Learning the Degree of Equivariance in Steerable CNNs
• ICLR 2024A Probabilistic Framework for Modular Continual Learning
• CVPR 2024CAPE: CAM as a Probabilistic Ensemble for Enhanced DNN Interpretation
• NeurIPS 2023A Computationally Efficient Sparsified Online Newton Method
• ICML 2023A theory of representation learning gives a deep generalisation of kernel methods
• ICLR 2023A Laplace-inspired Distribution on SO(3) for Probabilistic Rotation Estimation
• CVPR 2023Probabilistic Knowledge Distillation of Face Ensembles
• NeurIPS 2026Affine Tracing: A New Paradigm for Probabilistic Linear Solvers
• ICML 2026Avoid What You Know: Divergent Trajectory Balance for GFlowNets
• ICLR 2026Learning Survival Distributions with Individually Calibrated Asymmetric Laplace Distribution
• CVPR 2026ARES Unifying Asymmetric RGB-Event Stereo for Probabilistic Scene Flow Estimation

All Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers

440 papers, page 3 of 9

101. NeurIPS 2025Embeddings as Probabilistic Equivalence in Logic Programs
102. NeurIPS 2025Energy-based generator matching: A neural sampler for general state space
103. NeurIPS 2025Estimating Interventional Distributions with Uncertain Causal Graphs through Meta-Learning
104. NeurIPS 2025EUGens: Efficient, Unified and General Dense Layers
105. NeurIPS 2025Exploiting the Asymmetric Uncertainty Structure of Pre-trained VLMs on the Unit Hypersphere
106. NeurIPS 2025Exploring and Exploiting Model Uncertainty in Bayesian Optimization
107. NeurIPS 2025Exploring Neural Granger Causality with xLSTMs: Unveiling Temporal Dependencies in Complex Data
108. NeurIPS 2025Fast Non-Log-Concave Sampling under Nonconvex Equality and Inequality Constraints with Landing
109. NeurIPS 2025Faster Generic Identification in Tree-Shaped Structural Causal Models
110. NeurIPS 2025FEAT: Free energy Estimators with Adaptive Transport
111. NeurIPS 2025Fisher meets Feynman: score-based variational inference with a product of experts
112. NeurIPS 2025Flow based approach for Dynamic Temporal Causal models with non-Gaussian or Heteroscedastic Noises
113. NeurIPS 2025FNOPE: Simulation-based inference on function spaces with Fourier Neural Operators
114. NeurIPS 2025From stability of Langevin diffusion to convergence of proximal MCMC for non-log-concave sampling
115. NeurIPS 2025Functional Complexity-adaptive Temporal Tensor Decomposition
116. NeurIPS 2025Gaussian Processes for Shuffled Regression
117. NeurIPS 2025GMM-based VAE model with Normalising Flow for effective stochastic segmentation
118. NeurIPS 2025Grammars of Formal Uncertainty: When to Trust LLMs in Automated Reasoning Tasks
119. NeurIPS 2025GST-UNet: A Neural Framework for Spatiotemporal Causal Inference with Time-Varying Confounding
120. NeurIPS 2025Handling Missing Responses under Cluster Dependence with Applications to Language Model Evaluation
121. NeurIPS 2025HoT-VI: Reparameterizable Variational Inference for Capturing Instance-Level High-Order Correlations
122. NeurIPS 2025Identifying Macro Causal Effects in C-DMGs over DMGs
123. NeurIPS 2025Image Super-Resolution with Guarantees via Conformalized Generative Models
124. NeurIPS 2025Inexact Column Generation for Bayesian Network Structure Learning via Difference-of-Submodular Optimization
125. NeurIPS 2025Infinite Neural Operators: Gaussian processes on functions
126. NeurIPS 2025Informed Initialization for Bayesian Optimization and Active Learning
127. NeurIPS 2025Integral Imprecise Probability Metrics
128. NeurIPS 2025Inv-Entropy: A Fully Probabilistic Framework for Uncertainty Quantification in Language Models
129. NeurIPS 2025Large Language Bayes
130. NeurIPS 2025Learning Counterfactual Outcomes Under Rank Preservation
131. NeurIPS 2025Learning Latent Variable Models via Jarzynski-adjusted Langevin Algorithm
132. NeurIPS 2025Learning normalized image densities via dual score matching
133. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Condition: A Neural Heuristic for Scalable MPE Inference
134. NeurIPS 2025Least squares variational inference
135. NeurIPS 2025Less Greedy Equivalence Search
136. NeurIPS 2025Leveraging semantic similarity for experimentation with AI-generated treatments
137. NeurIPS 2025List-Level Distribution Coupling with Applications to Speculative Decoding and Lossy Compression
138. NeurIPS 2025Local Learning for Covariate Selection in Nonparametric Causal Effect Estimation with Latent Variables
139. NeurIPS 2025Low-Rank Graphon Learning for Networks
140. NeurIPS 2025Martingale Posterior Neural Networks for Fast Sequential Decision Making
141. NeurIPS 2025Max Entropy Moment Kalman Filter for Polynomial Systems with Arbitrary Noise
142. NeurIPS 2025MDNS: Masked Diffusion Neural Sampler via Stochastic Optimal Control
143. NeurIPS 2025Measure-Theoretic Anti-Causal Representation Learning
144. NeurIPS 2025Metropolis Adjusted Microcanonical Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
145. NeurIPS 2025MOBO-OSD: Batch Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization via Orthogonal Search Directions
146. NeurIPS 2025Model Reconciliation via Cost-Optimal Explanations in Probabilistic Logic Programming
147. NeurIPS 2025Model-Informed Flows for Bayesian Inference
148. NeurIPS 2025Multi-Objective Hyperparameter Selection via Hypothesis Testing on Reliability Graphs
149. NeurIPS 2025Multi-View Oriented GPLVM: Expressiveness and Efficiency
150. NeurIPS 2025Multilevel neural simulation-based inference

FAQ

How many Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

637 in total: 107 in 2023, 160 in 2024, 263 in 2025, 107 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 28 Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers, versus 212 the year before.

How many Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 13 Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers, versus 10 the year before.

How many Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 59 Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers, versus 37 the year before.

How many Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 7 Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers, versus 4 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · probabilistic methods papers?

NeurIPS, with 440 papers from 2023 to 2026.