Deep learning · foundation models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · foundation models went from 72 papers in 2023 to 177 in 2026, roughly 2.5x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Deep learning · foundation models work: 299 papers from 2023 to 2026, 56% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Foundation Model Adaptation: papers tagged with both rose from 7 in 2023 to 66 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #8 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 2.5x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026Inferotemporal Cortex Collaborates Before It Codes: Non-Serial Inter-Area Synergy in the Macaque Ventral Stream
• ICML 2026ACO-MoE-LoRA: Evolving-while-Training for Adapting Segment Anything Model 2 to Specialized Domains
• ICLR 2026Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization
• CVPR 2026Adapting a Pre-trained Single-Cell Foundation Model to Spatial Gene Expression
• NeurIPS 2025An Investigation of Memorization Risk in Healthcare Foundation Models
• ICML 2025Contrastive Localized Language-Image Pre-Training
• ICLR 2025Revisiting Convolution Architecture in the Realm of DNA Foundation Models
• CVPR 2025DEFOM-Stereo: Depth Foundation Model Based Stereo Matching
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Read-ME}$: Refactorizing LLMs as Router-Decoupled Mixture of Experts with System Co-Design
• ICML 2024Position: On the Societal Impact of Open Foundation Models
• CVPR 20243D-LFM: Lifting Foundation Model
• NeurIPS 2023Bridging the Domain Gap: Self-Supervised 3D Scene Understanding with Foundation Models
• ICML 2023Improving Hyperparameter Learning under Approximate Inference in Gaussian Process Models
• NeurIPS 2026Do Pathology Foundation Models Encode Disease Progression? A Pseudotime Analysis of Visual Representations
• ICML 2026Alethia: a Foundational Encoder for Voice Deepfakes
• ICLR 2026DND: Boosting Large Language Models with Dynamic Nested Depth
• CVPR 2026UniSER A Foundation Model for Unified Soft Effects Removal
• NeurIPS 2025ChromFound: Towards A Universal Foundation Model for Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibiltiy Data
• ICML 2025Exploring Criteria of Loss Reweighting to Enhance LLM Unlearning
• ICLR 2025Recite, Reconstruct, Recollect: Memorization in LMs as a Multifaceted Phenomenon

All Deep learning · foundation models papers

536 papers, page 1 of 11

1. CVPR 20262D-LFM Lifting Foundation Model without 3D Supervision
2. CVPR 2026Adapting a Pre-trained Single-Cell Foundation Model to Spatial Gene Expression
3. CVPR 2026CARE A Molecular-Guided Foundation Model with Adaptive Region Modeling for
4. CVPR 2026Emergent Extreme-View Geometry in 3D Foundation Models
5. CVPR 2026Fine-Tuning Impairs the Balancedness of Foundation Models in Long-tailed Personalized
6. CVPR 2026Revisiting Model Stitching In the Foundation Model Era
7. CVPR 2026UniSER A Foundation Model for Unified Soft Effects Removal
8. ICLR 2026DND: Boosting Large Language Models with Dynamic Nested Depth
9. ICLR 2026Fine-Grained Activation Steering: Steering Less, Achieving More
10. ICLR 2026FoNE: Precise Single-Token Number Embeddings via Fourier Features
11. ICLR 2026How Base Frequency Shapes RoPE: An Analytical Study of Frequency-Band Formation
12. ICLR 2026Not All Models Suit Expert Offloading: On Local Routing Consistency of Mixture-of-Expert Models
13. ICLR 2026Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization
14. ICLR 2026Speculative Speculative Decoding
15. ICLR 2026The Softmax Bottleneck Does Not Limit the Probabilities of the Most Likely Tokens
16. ICML 2026A robust PPG foundation model using multimodal physiological supervision
17. ICML 2026ACO-MoE-LoRA: Evolving-while-Training for Adapting Segment Anything Model 2 to Specialized Domains
18. ICML 2026Adaptive Residual-Update Steering for Low-Overhead Hallucination Mitigation in Large Vision-Language Models
19. ICML 2026Adversarial Flow Models
20. ICML 2026Agent0-VL: Exploring Self-Evolving Agent for Tool-Integrated Vision-Language Reasoning
21. ICML 2026Alethia: a Foundational Encoder for Voice Deepfakes
22. ICML 2026AlphaGRPO: Unlocking Self-Reflective Multimodal Generation in Unified Multimodal Models via Decompositional Verifiable Reward
23. ICML 2026Are Common Substructures Transferable? Riemannian Graph Foundation Model with Neural Vector Bundles
24. ICML 2026Attention Sinks as Internal Signals for Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models
25. ICML 2026Attentive Multi-Layer Fusion for Vision Transformers
26. ICML 2026Attn-QAT: 4-Bit Attention With Quantization-Aware Training
27. ICML 2026Balancing Understanding and Generation in Discrete Diffusion Models
28. ICML 2026Beyond Log Likelihood: Probability-Based Objectives for Supervised Fine-Tuning across the Model Capability Continuum
29. ICML 2026BIOARC: Discovering Optimal Neural Architectures for Biological Foundation Models
30. ICML 2026BioToken and BioFM – Biologically-Informed Tokenization Enables Accurate and Efficient Genomic Foundation Models
31. ICML 2026BRIDGE: Predicting Human Task Completion Time From Model Performance
32. ICML 2026CAOS: Conformal Aggregation of One-Shot Predictors
33. ICML 2026ChaosNexus: A Foundation Model for ODE-based Chaotic System Forecasting with Hierarchical Multi-scale Awareness
34. ICML 2026Computational Arbitrage in AI Model Markets
35. ICML 2026ConceptMoE: Adaptive Token-to-Concept Compression for Implicit Compute Allocation
36. ICML 2026ConFlux: Multivariate Time Series in Flux, One Unified Forecast in Confluence
37. ICML 2026Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Black-Box Prompt Tuning via Large Language Models
38. ICML 2026Data Selection for Fine-tuning Vision Language Models via Cross Modal Alignment Trajectories
39. ICML 2026Diversity Matters: Revisiting Test-Time Compute in Vision-Language Models
40. ICML 2026DTop-p MoE: Sparsity-Controlled Dynamic Top-p MoE for Foundation Model Pre-training
41. ICML 2026DyCon: Dynamic Reasoning Control via Evolving Difficulty Modeling
42. ICML 2026End-to-End Compression for Tabular Foundation Models
43. ICML 2026Evaluating Newtonian Mechanics in Video Generative Models with Real Physical Systems
44. ICML 2026Fair-FedMOE: Group-Fair One-Shot Federated Learning via Prototype-Guided Experts for Medical Imaging Analysis
45. ICML 2026Finding the Correct Visual Evidence Without Forgetting: Mitigating Hallucination in LVLMs via Inter-Layer Visual Attention Discrepancy
46. ICML 2026FlashBlock: Attention Caching for Efficient Long-Context Block Diffusion
47. ICML 2026FOCUS & RePAIR: Mitigating Text Degeneration via Token-Level Guidance For Pruned Large Language Models
48. ICML 2026Focusing Where Vision Matters: Selective Training for Large Vision Language Models via Visual Information Gain
49. ICML 2026Foundation Inference Models for Ordinary Differential Equations
50. ICML 2026FPTQuant: Function-Preserving Transforms for LLM Quantization

FAQ

How many Deep learning · foundation models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

536 in total: 72 in 2023, 209 in 2024, 78 in 2025, 177 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · foundation models papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 27 Deep learning · foundation models papers, versus 15 the year before.

How many Deep learning · foundation models papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 8 Deep learning · foundation models papers, versus 6 the year before.

How many Deep learning · foundation models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 135 Deep learning · foundation models papers, versus 53 the year before.

How many Deep learning · foundation models papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 7 Deep learning · foundation models papers, versus 4 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · foundation models papers?

NeurIPS, with 299 papers from 2023 to 2026.