Deep learning · large language models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · large language models went from 488 papers in 2023 to 1,131 in 2026, roughly 2.3x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most Deep learning · large language models work: 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026, 69% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 5 in 2023 to 184 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 2.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• ICML 2026“very likely” Means “uncertain”? How LLMs Diverge from Humans in Linguistic Uncertainty Quantification
• ICML 2025(How) Do Language Models Track State?
• ICLR 2025AdvWave: Stealthy Adversarial Jailbreak Attack against Large Audio-Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024$\beta$-DPO: Direct Preference Optimization with Dynamic $\beta$
• NeurIPS 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Models
• ICML 2023Are Large Kernels Better Teachers than Transformers for ConvNets?
• ICML 2026$f$-Divergence Self-Play for Tabular Anomaly Detection via Large Language Models
• ICML 2025A Tale of Two Structures: Do LLMs Capture the Fractal Complexity of Language?
• ICLR 2025Emergence of a High-Dimensional Abstraction Phase in Language Transformers
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Trans-LoRA}$: towards data-free Transferable Parameter Efficient Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2023A fast heuristic to optimize time-space tradeoff for large models
• ICML 2023Arithmetic Sampling: Parallel Diverse Decoding for Large Language Models
• ICML 2026$L^3$: Large Lookup Layers
• ICML 2025Accelerating LLM Inference with Lossless Speculative Decoding Algorithms for Heterogeneous Vocabularies
• ICLR 2025Holistically Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Creating Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024A distributional simplicity bias in the learning dynamics of transformers
• NeurIPS 2023A Pseudo-Semantic Loss for Autoregressive Models with Logical Constraints
• ICML 2023Auto-Differentiation of Relational Computations for Very Large Scale Machine Learning
• ICML 2026$V_0$: A Generalist Value Model for Any Policy at State Zero
• ICML 2025Accelerating Unbiased LLM Evaluation via Synthetic Feedback

All Deep learning · large language models papers

713 papers, page 7 of 15

301. NeurIPS 2023A Computationally Efficient Sparsified Online Newton Method
302. NeurIPS 2023A fast heuristic to optimize time-space tradeoff for large models
303. NeurIPS 2023A Path to Simpler Models Starts With Noise
304. NeurIPS 2023A Pseudo-Semantic Loss for Autoregressive Models with Logical Constraints
305. NeurIPS 2023A Scalable Neural Network for DSIC Affine Maximizer Auction Design
306. NeurIPS 2023Active Learning-Based Species Range Estimation
307. NeurIPS 2023AdANNS: A Framework for Adaptive Semantic Search
308. NeurIPS 2023ADGym: Design Choices for Deep Anomaly Detection
309. NeurIPS 2023Aging with GRACE: Lifelong Model Editing with Discrete Key-Value Adaptors
310. NeurIPS 2023Agnostically Learning Single-Index Models using Omnipredictors
311. NeurIPS 2023AI for Interpretable Chemistry: Predicting Radical Mechanistic Pathways via Contrastive Learning
312. NeurIPS 2023AircraftVerse: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset of Aerial Vehicle Designs
313. NeurIPS 2023ALGO: Synthesizing Algorithmic Programs with Generated Oracle Verifiers
314. NeurIPS 2023Align Your Prompts: Test-Time Prompting with Distribution Alignment for Zero-Shot Generalization
315. NeurIPS 2023Aligning Language Models with Human Preferences via a Bayesian Approach
316. NeurIPS 2023AlpacaFarm: A Simulation Framework for Methods that Learn from Human Feedback
317. NeurIPS 2023AmadeusGPT: a natural language interface for interactive animal behavioral analysis
318. NeurIPS 2023American Stories: A Large-Scale Structured Text Dataset of Historical U.S. Newspapers
319. NeurIPS 2023An Empirical Investigation of the Role of Pre-training in Lifelong Learning
320. NeurIPS 2023An Information-Theoretic Evaluation of Generative Models in Learning Multi-modal Distributions
321. NeurIPS 2023ANPL: Towards Natural Programming with Interactive Decomposition
322. NeurIPS 2023Are aligned neural networks adversarially aligned?
323. NeurIPS 2023Are Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models a Mirage?
324. NeurIPS 2023ASIF: Coupled Data Turns Unimodal Models to Multimodal without Training
325. NeurIPS 2023ATMAN: Understanding Transformer Predictions Through Memory Efficient Attention Manipulation
326. NeurIPS 2023Augmenting Language Models with Long-Term Memory
327. NeurIPS 2023Automatic Clipping: Differentially Private Deep Learning Made Easier and Stronger
328. NeurIPS 2023AVIDa-hIL6: A Large-Scale VHH Dataset Produced from an Immunized Alpaca for Predicting Antigen-Antibody Interactions
329. NeurIPS 2023AVIS: Autonomous Visual Information Seeking with Large Language Model Agent
330. NeurIPS 2023Banana: Banach Fixed-Point Network for Pointcloud Segmentation with Inter-Part Equivariance
331. NeurIPS 2023Battle of the Backbones: A Large-Scale Comparison of Pretrained Models across Computer Vision Tasks
332. NeurIPS 2023BeaverTails: Towards Improved Safety Alignment of LLM via a Human-Preference Dataset
333. NeurIPS 2023Benchmarking Foundation Models with Language-Model-as-an-Examiner
334. NeurIPS 2023Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam - A comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset
335. NeurIPS 2023BERT Lost Patience Won't Be Robust to Adversarial Slowdown
336. NeurIPS 2023Best Arm Identification with Fixed Budget: A Large Deviation Perspective
337. NeurIPS 2023Better Correlation and Robustness: A Distribution-Balanced Self-Supervised Learning Framework for Automatic Dialogue Evaluation
338. NeurIPS 2023Beyond Confidence: Reliable Models Should Also Consider Atypicality
339. NeurIPS 2023BiMatting: Efficient Video Matting via Binarization
340. NeurIPS 2023BIOT: Biosignal Transformer for Cross-data Learning in the Wild
341. NeurIPS 2023Birth of a Transformer: A Memory Viewpoint
342. NeurIPS 2023Block-State Transformers
343. NeurIPS 2023Blockwise Parallel Transformers for Large Context Models
344. NeurIPS 2023BoardgameQA: A Dataset for Natural Language Reasoning with Contradictory Information
345. NeurIPS 2023Boosting Verification of Deep Reinforcement Learning via Piece-Wise Linear Decision Neural Networks
346. NeurIPS 2023Bootstrapping Vision-Language Learning with Decoupled Language Pre-training
347. NeurIPS 2023Bottleneck Structure in Learned Features: Low-Dimension vs Regularity Tradeoff
348. NeurIPS 2023Boundary Guided Learning-Free Semantic Control with Diffusion Models
349. NeurIPS 2023Brain Diffusion for Visual Exploration: Cortical Discovery using Large Scale Generative Models
350. NeurIPS 2023CAMEL: Communicative Agents for "Mind" Exploration of Large Language Model Society

FAQ

How many Deep learning · large language models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,334 in total: 488 in 2023, 298 in 2024, 417 in 2025, 1,131 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at NeurIPS 2024?

NeurIPS 2024 has 298 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 415 the year before.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICLR 2025?

ICLR 2025 has 13 Deep learning · large language models papers.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,131 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 404 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · large language models papers?

ICML, with 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026.