Deep learning · large language models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · large language models went from 488 papers in 2023 to 1,131 in 2026, roughly 2.3x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most Deep learning · large language models work: 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026, 69% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 5 in 2023 to 184 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 2.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• ICML 2026“very likely” Means “uncertain”? How LLMs Diverge from Humans in Linguistic Uncertainty Quantification
• ICML 2025(How) Do Language Models Track State?
• ICLR 2025AdvWave: Stealthy Adversarial Jailbreak Attack against Large Audio-Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024$\beta$-DPO: Direct Preference Optimization with Dynamic $\beta$
• NeurIPS 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Models
• ICML 2023Are Large Kernels Better Teachers than Transformers for ConvNets?
• ICML 2026$f$-Divergence Self-Play for Tabular Anomaly Detection via Large Language Models
• ICML 2025A Tale of Two Structures: Do LLMs Capture the Fractal Complexity of Language?
• ICLR 2025Emergence of a High-Dimensional Abstraction Phase in Language Transformers
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Trans-LoRA}$: towards data-free Transferable Parameter Efficient Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2023A fast heuristic to optimize time-space tradeoff for large models
• ICML 2023Arithmetic Sampling: Parallel Diverse Decoding for Large Language Models
• ICML 2026$L^3$: Large Lookup Layers
• ICML 2025Accelerating LLM Inference with Lossless Speculative Decoding Algorithms for Heterogeneous Vocabularies
• ICLR 2025Holistically Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Creating Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024A distributional simplicity bias in the learning dynamics of transformers
• NeurIPS 2023A Pseudo-Semantic Loss for Autoregressive Models with Logical Constraints
• ICML 2023Auto-Differentiation of Relational Computations for Very Large Scale Machine Learning
• ICML 2026$V_0$: A Generalist Value Model for Any Policy at State Zero
• ICML 2025Accelerating Unbiased LLM Evaluation via Synthetic Feedback

All Deep learning · large language models papers

488 papers, page 5 of 10

201. NeurIPS 2023Exploiting Connections between Lipschitz Structures for Certifiably Robust Deep Equilibrium Models
202. NeurIPS 2023Exploring Question Decomposition for Zero-Shot VQA
203. NeurIPS 2023Exposing Attention Glitches with Flip-Flop Language Modeling
204. NeurIPS 2023Extracting Reward Functions from Diffusion Models
205. NeurIPS 2023Fairness-guided Few-shot Prompting for Large Language Models
206. NeurIPS 2023Faith and Fate: Limits of Transformers on Compositionality
207. NeurIPS 2023Fantastic Weights and How to Find Them: Where to Prune in Dynamic Sparse Training
208. NeurIPS 2023Fast Attention Over Long Sequences With Dynamic Sparse Flash Attention
209. NeurIPS 2023Fast Attention Requires Bounded Entries
210. NeurIPS 2023Feature-Learning Networks Are Consistent Across Widths At Realistic Scales
211. NeurIPS 2023Find What You Want: Learning Demand-conditioned Object Attribute Space for Demand-driven Navigation
212. NeurIPS 2023Fine-Grained Human Feedback Gives Better Rewards for Language Model Training
213. NeurIPS 2023Fine-Tuning Language Models with Just Forward Passes
214. NeurIPS 2023Flow: Per-instance Personalized Federated Learning
215. NeurIPS 2023FreeMask: Synthetic Images with Dense Annotations Make Stronger Segmentation Models
216. NeurIPS 2023From Cloze to Comprehension: Retrofitting Pre-trained Masked Language Models to Pre-trained Machine Reader
217. NeurIPS 2023Generating Images with Multimodal Language Models
218. NeurIPS 2023Generating QM1B with PySCF$_{\text{IPU}}$
219. NeurIPS 2023Geometric Transformer with Interatomic Positional Encoding
220. NeurIPS 2023Geometry-Aware Adaptation for Pretrained Models
221. NeurIPS 2023Geometry-Informed Neural Operator for Large-Scale 3D PDEs
222. NeurIPS 2023GEQ: Gaussian Kernel Inspired Equilibrium Models
223. NeurIPS 2023GIMLET: A Unified Graph-Text Model for Instruction-Based Molecule Zero-Shot Learning
224. NeurIPS 2023Global Optimality in Bivariate Gradient-based DAG Learning
225. NeurIPS 2023Goal Driven Discovery of Distributional Differences via Language Descriptions
226. NeurIPS 2023GPT4Tools: Teaching Large Language Model to Use Tools via Self-instruction
227. NeurIPS 2023Gradient-Based Feature Learning under Structured Data
228. NeurIPS 2023Grammar Prompting for Domain-Specific Language Generation with Large Language Models
229. NeurIPS 2023GraphAdapter: Tuning Vision-Language Models With Dual Knowledge Graph
230. NeurIPS 2023Grassmann Manifold Flows for Stable Shape Generation
231. NeurIPS 2023Grounded Decoding: Guiding Text Generation with Grounded Models for Embodied Agents
232. NeurIPS 2023Guiding Large Language Models via Directional Stimulus Prompting
233. NeurIPS 2023Guiding The Last Layer in Federated Learning with Pre-Trained Models
234. NeurIPS 2023H2O: Heavy-Hitter Oracle for Efficient Generative Inference of Large Language Models
235. NeurIPS 2023High dimensional, tabular deep learning with an auxiliary knowledge graph
236. NeurIPS 2023High-dimensional Contextual Bandit Problem without Sparsity
237. NeurIPS 2023HIQL: Offline Goal-Conditioned RL with Latent States as Actions
238. NeurIPS 2023HOH: Markerless Multimodal Human-Object-Human Handover Dataset with Large Object Count
239. NeurIPS 2023Horospherical Decision Boundaries for Large Margin Classification in Hyperbolic Space
240. NeurIPS 2023HubRouter: Learning Global Routing via Hub Generation and Pin-hub Connection
241. NeurIPS 2023Human spatiotemporal pattern learning as probabilistic program synthesis
242. NeurIPS 2023Human-like Few-Shot Learning via Bayesian Reasoning over Natural Language
243. NeurIPS 2023HyPoradise: An Open Baseline for Generative Speech Recognition with Large Language Models
244. NeurIPS 2023HyTrel: Hypergraph-enhanced Tabular Data Representation Learning
245. NeurIPS 2023IBA: Towards Irreversible Backdoor Attacks in Federated Learning
246. NeurIPS 2023Im-Promptu: In-Context Composition from Image Prompts
247. NeurIPS 2023Image Captioners Are Scalable Vision Learners Too
248. NeurIPS 2023Imagine the Unseen World: A Benchmark for Systematic Generalization in Visual World Models
249. NeurIPS 2023Implicit Variational Inference for High-Dimensional Posteriors
250. NeurIPS 2023Improving Adversarial Transferability via Intermediate-level Perturbation Decay

FAQ

How many Deep learning · large language models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,334 in total: 488 in 2023, 298 in 2024, 417 in 2025, 1,131 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at NeurIPS 2024?

NeurIPS 2024 has 298 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 415 the year before.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICLR 2025?

ICLR 2025 has 13 Deep learning · large language models papers.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,131 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 404 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · large language models papers?

ICML, with 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026.