Deep learning · large language models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · large language models went from 488 papers in 2023 to 1,131 in 2026, roughly 2.3x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most Deep learning · large language models work: 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026, 69% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 5 in 2023 to 184 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 2.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• ICML 2026“very likely” Means “uncertain”? How LLMs Diverge from Humans in Linguistic Uncertainty Quantification
• ICML 2025(How) Do Language Models Track State?
• ICLR 2025AdvWave: Stealthy Adversarial Jailbreak Attack against Large Audio-Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024$\beta$-DPO: Direct Preference Optimization with Dynamic $\beta$
• NeurIPS 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Models
• ICML 2023Are Large Kernels Better Teachers than Transformers for ConvNets?
• ICML 2026$f$-Divergence Self-Play for Tabular Anomaly Detection via Large Language Models
• ICML 2025A Tale of Two Structures: Do LLMs Capture the Fractal Complexity of Language?
• ICLR 2025Emergence of a High-Dimensional Abstraction Phase in Language Transformers
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Trans-LoRA}$: towards data-free Transferable Parameter Efficient Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2023A fast heuristic to optimize time-space tradeoff for large models
• ICML 2023Arithmetic Sampling: Parallel Diverse Decoding for Large Language Models
• ICML 2026$L^3$: Large Lookup Layers
• ICML 2025Accelerating LLM Inference with Lossless Speculative Decoding Algorithms for Heterogeneous Vocabularies
• ICLR 2025Holistically Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Creating Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024A distributional simplicity bias in the learning dynamics of transformers
• NeurIPS 2023A Pseudo-Semantic Loss for Autoregressive Models with Logical Constraints
• ICML 2023Auto-Differentiation of Relational Computations for Very Large Scale Machine Learning
• ICML 2026$V_0$: A Generalist Value Model for Any Policy at State Zero
• ICML 2025Accelerating Unbiased LLM Evaluation via Synthetic Feedback

All Deep learning · large language models papers

2,334 papers, page 35 of 47

1701. NeurIPS 2024LIVE: Learnable In-Context Vector for Visual Question Answering
1702. NeurIPS 2024LLM Evaluators Recognize and Favor Their Own Generations
1703. NeurIPS 2024LLM-Check: Investigating Detection of Hallucinations in Large Language Models
1704. NeurIPS 2024Localized Zeroth-Order Prompt Optimization
1705. NeurIPS 2024LoFiT: Localized Fine-tuning on LLM Representations
1706. NeurIPS 2024Long-form factuality in large language models
1707. NeurIPS 2024Look, Listen, and Answer: Overcoming Biases for Audio-Visual Question Answering
1708. NeurIPS 2024LoTLIP: Improving Language-Image Pre-training for Long Text Understanding
1709. NeurIPS 2024MACM: Utilizing a Multi-Agent System for Condition Mining in Solving Complex Mathematical Problems
1710. NeurIPS 2024MAGNET: Improving the Multilingual Fairness of Language Models with Adaptive Gradient-Based Tokenization
1711. NeurIPS 2024Make Your LLM Fully Utilize the Context
1712. NeurIPS 2024MAmmoTH2: Scaling Instructions from the Web
1713. NeurIPS 2024Many-Shot In-Context Learning
1714. NeurIPS 2024MaskLLM: Learnable Semi-Structured Sparsity for Large Language Models
1715. NeurIPS 2024MATES: Model-Aware Data Selection for Efficient Pretraining with Data Influence Models
1716. NeurIPS 2024Meaningful Learning: Enhancing Abstract Reasoning in Large Language Models via Generic Fact Guidance
1717. NeurIPS 2024MediQ: Question-Asking LLMs and a Benchmark for Reliable Interactive Clinical Reasoning
1718. NeurIPS 2024MetaAligner: Towards Generalizable Multi-Objective Alignment of Language Models
1719. NeurIPS 2024Metacognitive Capabilities of LLMs: An Exploration in Mathematical Problem Solving
1720. NeurIPS 2024Mind's Eye of LLMs: Visualization-of-Thought Elicits Spatial Reasoning in Large Language Models
1721. NeurIPS 2024MindMerger: Efficiently Boosting LLM Reasoning in non-English Languages
1722. NeurIPS 2024MInference 1.0: Accelerating Pre-filling for Long-Context LLMs via Dynamic Sparse Attention
1723. NeurIPS 2024MiniCache: KV Cache Compression in Depth Dimension for Large Language Models
1724. NeurIPS 2024Mitigating Reward Overoptimization via Lightweight Uncertainty Estimation
1725. NeurIPS 2024Mixture of Demonstrations for In-Context Learning
1726. NeurIPS 2024Mixture of In-Context Experts Enhance LLMs' Long Context Awareness
1727. NeurIPS 2024Mixture of Scales: Memory-Efficient Token-Adaptive Binarization for Large Language Models
1728. NeurIPS 2024Mixture of Tokens: Continuous MoE through Cross-Example Aggregation
1729. NeurIPS 2024MKGL: Mastery of a Three-Word Language
1730. NeurIPS 2024Mobile-Agent-v2: Mobile Device Operation Assistant with Effective Navigation via Multi-Agent Collaboration
1731. NeurIPS 2024MoGU: A Framework for Enhancing Safety of LLMs While Preserving Their Usability
1732. NeurIPS 2024Multi-LLM Debate: Framework, Principals, and Interventions
1733. NeurIPS 2024Neuro-Symbolic Data Generation for Math Reasoning
1734. NeurIPS 2024Noise Contrastive Alignment of Language Models with Explicit Rewards
1735. NeurIPS 2024Not All Tokens Are What You Need for Pretraining
1736. NeurIPS 2024Observational Scaling Laws and the Predictability of Langauge Model Performance
1737. NeurIPS 2024OccamLLM: Fast and Exact Language Model Arithmetic in a Single Step
1738. NeurIPS 2024On Affine Homotopy between Language Encoders
1739. NeurIPS 2024On Giant's Shoulders: Effortless Weak to Strong by Dynamic Logits Fusion
1740. NeurIPS 2024On the Worst Prompt Performance of Large Language Models
1741. NeurIPS 2024Once Read is Enough: Domain-specific Pretraining-free Language Models with Cluster-guided Sparse Experts for Long-tail Domain Knowledge
1742. NeurIPS 2024OneBit: Towards Extremely Low-bit Large Language Models
1743. NeurIPS 2024Optimized Feature Generation for Tabular Data via LLMs with Decision Tree Reasoning
1744. NeurIPS 2024PaDeLLM-NER: Parallel Decoding in Large Language Models for Named Entity Recognition
1745. NeurIPS 2024Panacea: Pareto Alignment via Preference Adaptation for LLMs
1746. NeurIPS 2024Parameter Competition Balancing for Model Merging
1747. NeurIPS 2024PediatricsGPT: Large Language Models as Chinese Medical Assistants for Pediatric Applications
1748. NeurIPS 2024Perception of Knowledge Boundary for Large Language Models through Semi-open-ended Question Answering
1749. NeurIPS 2024Personalized Steering of Large Language Models: Versatile Steering Vectors Through Bi-directional Preference Optimization
1750. NeurIPS 2024Policy Improvement using Language Feedback Models

FAQ

How many Deep learning · large language models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,334 in total: 488 in 2023, 298 in 2024, 417 in 2025, 1,131 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at NeurIPS 2024?

NeurIPS 2024 has 298 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 415 the year before.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICLR 2025?

ICLR 2025 has 13 Deep learning · large language models papers.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,131 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 404 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · large language models papers?

ICML, with 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026.