Deep learning · large language models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Deep learning · large language models went from 488 papers in 2023 to 1,131 in 2026, roughly 2.3x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most Deep learning · large language models work: 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026, 69% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 5 in 2023 to 184 in 2026.
• Among the 11 topics under Deep Learning, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Diffusion Models, is up 4.1x versus 2.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• ICML 2026“very likely” Means “uncertain”? How LLMs Diverge from Humans in Linguistic Uncertainty Quantification
• ICML 2025(How) Do Language Models Track State?
• ICLR 2025AdvWave: Stealthy Adversarial Jailbreak Attack against Large Audio-Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024$\beta$-DPO: Direct Preference Optimization with Dynamic $\beta$
• NeurIPS 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Models
• ICML 2023Are Large Kernels Better Teachers than Transformers for ConvNets?
• ICML 2026$f$-Divergence Self-Play for Tabular Anomaly Detection via Large Language Models
• ICML 2025A Tale of Two Structures: Do LLMs Capture the Fractal Complexity of Language?
• ICLR 2025Emergence of a High-Dimensional Abstraction Phase in Language Transformers
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Trans-LoRA}$: towards data-free Transferable Parameter Efficient Finetuning
• NeurIPS 2023A fast heuristic to optimize time-space tradeoff for large models
• ICML 2023Arithmetic Sampling: Parallel Diverse Decoding for Large Language Models
• ICML 2026$L^3$: Large Lookup Layers
• ICML 2025Accelerating LLM Inference with Lossless Speculative Decoding Algorithms for Heterogeneous Vocabularies
• ICLR 2025Holistically Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Creating Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024A distributional simplicity bias in the learning dynamics of transformers
• NeurIPS 2023A Pseudo-Semantic Loss for Autoregressive Models with Logical Constraints
• ICML 2023Auto-Differentiation of Relational Computations for Very Large Scale Machine Learning
• ICML 2026$V_0$: A Generalist Value Model for Any Policy at State Zero
• ICML 2025Accelerating Unbiased LLM Evaluation via Synthetic Feedback

All Deep learning · large language models papers

488 papers, page 10 of 10

451. NeurIPS 2023Topological Parallax: A Geometric Specification for Deep Perception Models
452. NeurIPS 2023Towards Federated Foundation Models: Scalable Dataset Pipelines for Group-Structured Learning
453. NeurIPS 2023Towards Optimal Caching and Model Selection for Large Model Inference
454. NeurIPS 2023Towards Semi-Structured Automatic ICD Coding via Tree-based Contrastive Learning
455. NeurIPS 2023Towards Unbounded Machine Unlearning
456. NeurIPS 2023Train Faster, Perform Better: Modular Adaptive Training in Over-Parameterized Models
457. NeurIPS 2023Training Chain-of-Thought via Latent-Variable Inference
458. NeurIPS 2023Training Private Models That Know What They Don’t Know
459. NeurIPS 2023Transformer-based Planning for Symbolic Regression
460. NeurIPS 2023Transformers are uninterpretable with myopic methods: a case study with bounded Dyck grammars
461. NeurIPS 2023Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Models
462. NeurIPS 2023TrojLLM: A Black-box Trojan Prompt Attack on Large Language Models
463. NeurIPS 2023Truly Scale-Equivariant Deep Nets with Fourier Layers
464. NeurIPS 2023Two Sides of The Same Coin: Bridging Deep Equilibrium Models and Neural ODEs via Homotopy Continuation
465. NeurIPS 2023Unbiased learning of deep generative models with structured discrete representations
466. NeurIPS 2023Understanding Social Reasoning in Language Models with Language Models
467. NeurIPS 2023Unifying GANs and Score-Based Diffusion as Generative Particle Models
468. NeurIPS 2023UP-DP: Unsupervised Prompt Learning for Data Pre-Selection with Vision-Language Models
469. NeurIPS 2023Using Imperfect Surrogates for Downstream Inference: Design-based Supervised Learning for Social Science Applications of Large Language Models
470. NeurIPS 2023VanillaNet: the Power of Minimalism in Deep Learning
471. NeurIPS 2023VCC: Scaling Transformers to 128K Tokens or More by Prioritizing Important Tokens
472. NeurIPS 2023Video Prediction Models as Rewards for Reinforcement Learning
473. NeurIPS 2023VisionLLM: Large Language Model is also an Open-Ended Decoder for Vision-Centric Tasks
474. NeurIPS 2023Visual Explanations of Image-Text Representations via Multi-Modal Information Bottleneck Attribution
475. NeurIPS 2023WalkLM: A Uniform Language Model Fine-tuning Framework for Attributed Graph Embedding
476. NeurIPS 2023Waymax: An Accelerated, Data-Driven Simulator for Large-Scale Autonomous Driving Research
477. NeurIPS 2023WCLD: Curated Large Dataset of Criminal Cases from Wisconsin Circuit Courts
478. NeurIPS 2023What can Large Language Models do in chemistry? A comprehensive benchmark on eight tasks
479. NeurIPS 2023What Do Deep Saliency Models Learn about Visual Attention?
480. NeurIPS 2023What is the Inductive Bias of Flatness Regularization? A Study of Deep Matrix Factorization Models
481. NeurIPS 2023When Does Optimizing a Proper Loss Yield Calibration?
482. NeurIPS 2023White-Box Transformers via Sparse Rate Reduction
483. NeurIPS 2023Why Does Sharpness-Aware Minimization Generalize Better Than SGD?
484. NeurIPS 2023Wide Neural Networks as Gaussian Processes: Lessons from Deep Equilibrium Models
485. NeurIPS 2023Winner-Take-All Column Row Sampling for Memory Efficient Adaptation of Language Model
486. NeurIPS 2023Your representations are in the network: composable and parallel adaptation for large scale models
487. NeurIPS 2023YouTube-ASL: A Large-Scale, Open-Domain American Sign Language-English Parallel Corpus
488. NeurIPS 2023ZipLM: Inference-Aware Structured Pruning of Language Models

FAQ

How many Deep learning · large language models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,334 in total: 488 in 2023, 298 in 2024, 417 in 2025, 1,131 in 2026.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at NeurIPS 2024?

NeurIPS 2024 has 298 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 415 the year before.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICLR 2025?

ICLR 2025 has 13 Deep learning · large language models papers.

How many Deep learning · large language models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,131 Deep learning · large language models papers, versus 404 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Deep learning · large language models papers?

ICML, with 1,608 papers from 2023 to 2026.