Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science went from 183 papers in 2023 to 753 in 2026, roughly 4.1x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science work: 824 papers from 2023 to 2026, 41% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 44 in 2026.
• Among the 10 topics under Application Domains, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Applications · health medicine, is up 61x versus 4.1x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Strongly) Replicable Distribution Testers imply High Probability Distribution Testers
• ICML 2026(Be Cautious!) Bio-Foundation Models Are Not Yet Robust to Biologically Plausible Perturbations and ML Transformations
• ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
• CVPR 2026Globscope Toward a Global View of the Loss Landscape
• NeurIPS 2025$\mu$PC: Scaling Predictive Coding to 100+ Layer Networks
• ICML 2025Can Biologically Plausible Temporal Credit Assignment Rules Match BPTT for Neural Similarity? E-prop as an Example
• ICLR 2025A Computational Framework for Modeling Emergence of Color Vision in the Human Brain
• CVPR 2025Blurred LiDAR for Sharper 3D: Robust Handheld 3D Scanning with Diffuse LiDAR and RGB
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{NeuroPath}$: A Neural Pathway Transformer for Joining the Dots of Human Connectomes
• ICML 2024$\bf{\Phi}_\textrm{Flow}$: Differentiable Simulations for PyTorch, TensorFlow and Jax
• ICLR 2024A Cognitive Model for Learning Abstract Relational Structures from Memory-based Decision-Making Tasks
• CVPR 2024Efficient Detection of Long Consistent Cycles and its Application to Distributed Synchronization
• NeurIPS 2023Adaptive whitening with fast gain modulation and slow synaptic plasticity
• ICML 2023Accuracy on the Curve: On the Nonlinear Correlation of ML Performance Between Data Subpopulations
• ICLR 2023A framework for benchmarking Class-out-of-distribution detection and its application to ImageNet
• CVPR 20233D Line Mapping Revisited
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathrm{Bounded\mbox{-}RS}$: A Bounded Evaluation Protocol and Testbed for Representational Systematicity
• ICML 2026A hitchhiker's guide to Poisson gradient estimation
• ICLR 2026A Brain Graph Foundation Model: Pre-Training and Prompt-Tuning across Broad Atlases and Disorders
• CVPR 2026LASAR Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map

All Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers

229 papers, page 5 of 5

201. ICLR 2026To Augment or Not to Augment? Diagnosing Distributional Symmetry Breaking
202. ICLR 2026Tokenizing Single-Channel EEG with Time-Frequency Motif Learning
203. ICLR 2026Towards Interpretable Visual Decoding with Attention to Brain Representations
204. ICLR 2026Towards Lossless Memory-efficient Training of Spiking Neural Networks via Gradient Checkpointing and Spike Compression
205. ICLR 2026TP-Spikformer: Token Pruned Spiking Transformer
206. ICLR 2026Train on Validation (ToV): Fast data selection with applications to fine-tuning
207. ICLR 2026Training Deep Normalization-Free Spiking Neural Networks with Lateral Inhibition
208. ICLR 2026Transformers Trained via Gradient Descent Can Provably Learn a Class of Teacher Models
209. ICLR 2026Triangle Multiplication is All You Need for Biomolecular Structure Representations
210. ICLR 2026TRIBE: TRImodal Brain Encoder for whole-brain fMRI response prediction
211. ICLR 2026TusoAI: Agentic Optimization for Scientific Methods
212. ICLR 2026Unbalanced Soft-Matching Distance For Neural Representational Comparison With Partial Unit Correspondence
213. ICLR 2026Uncovering Semantic Selectivity of Latent Groups in Higher Visual Cortex with Mutual Information-Guided Diffusion
214. ICLR 2026Uni-NTFM: A Unified Foundation Model for EEG Signal Representation Learning
215. ICLR 2026Unified Brain Surface and Volume Registration
216. ICLR 2026UniOD: A Universal Model for Outlier Detection across Diverse Domains
217. ICLR 2026Unleashing LLMs in Bayesian Optimization: Preference-Guided Framework for Scientific Discovery
218. ICLR 2026Unraveling the Complexity of Memory in RL Agents: an Approach for Classification and Evaluation
219. ICLR 2026UrbanGS: Efficient and Scalable Architecture for Geometrically Accurate Large-Scene Reconstruction
220. ICLR 2026Using cognitive models to reveal value trade-offs in language models
221. ICLR 2026Using Reinforcement Learning to Train Large Language Models to Explain Human Decisions
222. ICLR 2026VenusX: Unlocking Fine-Grained Functional Understanding of Proteins
223. ICLR 2026Web-CogReasoner: Towards Knowledge-Induced Cognitive Reasoning for Web Agents
224. ICLR 2026WebDS: An End-to-End Benchmark for Web-based Data Science
225. ICLR 2026What Do Large Language Models Know About Opinions?
226. ICLR 2026When Agents “Misremember” Collectively: Exploring the Mandela Effect in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
227. ICLR 2026When Language Models Lose Their Mind: The Consequences of Brain Misalignment
228. ICLR 2026Why Low-Precision Transformer Training Fails: An Analysis on Flash Attention
229. ICLR 2026xRFM: Accurate, scalable, and interpretable feature learning models for tabular data

FAQ

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,033 in total: 183 in 2023, 424 in 2024, 673 in 2025, 753 in 2026.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 227 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 342 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 229 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 151 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 263 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 157 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 34 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 23 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers?

NeurIPS, with 824 papers from 2023 to 2026.