Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science went from 183 papers in 2023 to 753 in 2026, roughly 4.1x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science work: 824 papers from 2023 to 2026, 41% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 44 in 2026.
• Among the 10 topics under Application Domains, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Applications · health medicine, is up 61x versus 4.1x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Strongly) Replicable Distribution Testers imply High Probability Distribution Testers
• ICML 2026(Be Cautious!) Bio-Foundation Models Are Not Yet Robust to Biologically Plausible Perturbations and ML Transformations
• ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
• CVPR 2026Globscope Toward a Global View of the Loss Landscape
• NeurIPS 2025$\mu$PC: Scaling Predictive Coding to 100+ Layer Networks
• ICML 2025Can Biologically Plausible Temporal Credit Assignment Rules Match BPTT for Neural Similarity? E-prop as an Example
• ICLR 2025A Computational Framework for Modeling Emergence of Color Vision in the Human Brain
• CVPR 2025Blurred LiDAR for Sharper 3D: Robust Handheld 3D Scanning with Diffuse LiDAR and RGB
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{NeuroPath}$: A Neural Pathway Transformer for Joining the Dots of Human Connectomes
• ICML 2024$\bf{\Phi}_\textrm{Flow}$: Differentiable Simulations for PyTorch, TensorFlow and Jax
• ICLR 2024A Cognitive Model for Learning Abstract Relational Structures from Memory-based Decision-Making Tasks
• CVPR 2024Efficient Detection of Long Consistent Cycles and its Application to Distributed Synchronization
• NeurIPS 2023Adaptive whitening with fast gain modulation and slow synaptic plasticity
• ICML 2023Accuracy on the Curve: On the Nonlinear Correlation of ML Performance Between Data Subpopulations
• ICLR 2023A framework for benchmarking Class-out-of-distribution detection and its application to ImageNet
• CVPR 20233D Line Mapping Revisited
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathrm{Bounded\mbox{-}RS}$: A Bounded Evaluation Protocol and Testbed for Representational Systematicity
• ICML 2026A hitchhiker's guide to Poisson gradient estimation
• ICLR 2026A Brain Graph Foundation Model: Pre-Training and Prompt-Tuning across Broad Atlases and Disorders
• CVPR 2026LASAR Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map

All Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers

263 papers, page 4 of 6

151. ICML 2026Leveraging Gauge Freedom for Learning Non-Gradient Population Dynamics of Stochastic Systems
152. ICML 2026LIF Recurrent Memory Enables Long-Horizon Spiking Computation
153. ICML 2026Linear Bandits beyond Inner Product Spaces, the case of Bandit Optimal Transport
154. ICML 2026Linguistic Properties and Model Scale in Brain Encoding: From Small to Compressed Language Models
155. ICML 2026Machine Learning Hamiltonians are Accurate Energy-Force Predictors
156. ICML 2026MalTree: Tracing Malware Evolution using Embeddings at Scale
157. ICML 2026MCP-Persona: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Real-World Personal Applications via Environment Simulation
158. ICML 2026MedCoG: Maximizing LLM Inference Density in Medical Reasoning via Meta-Cognitive Regulation
159. ICML 2026MEG-XL: Data-Efficient Brain-to-Text via Long-Context Pre-Training
160. ICML 2026Mesh Based Simulations with Spatial and Temporal awareness
161. ICML 2026Mind the State: Towards Unified, Context-Aware EEG-to-fMRI Synthesis
162. ICML 2026Mind-Omni: A Unified Multi-Task Framework for Brain-Vision-Language Modeling via Discrete Diffusion
163. ICML 2026MindZero: Learning Online Mental Reasoning With Zero Annotations
164. ICML 2026Mitigating Gradient Pathology in PINNs through Aligned Constraint
165. ICML 2026MMClima: A Framework for Multimodal Climate Science Data and Evaluation
166. ICML 2026Mobility-Embedded POIs: Learning What A Place Is and How It Is Used from Human Movement
167. ICML 2026Multi-Integration of Labels Across Categories for Component Identification in Multi-trial Time Series
168. ICML 2026Multimarginal flow matching with optimal transport potentials
169. ICML 2026Multimodal Scaling Laws for Task & Data-Optimized Models of Visual Cortex
170. ICML 2026NAACA: Training-Free NeuroAuditory Attentive Cognitive Architecture with Oscillatory Working Memory for Salience-Driven Attention Gating
171. ICML 2026Near-Optimal Dynamic Matching via Coarsening with Application to Heart Transplantation
172. ICML 2026Needles in the Haystack: Addressing Signal Dilution Improves scRNA-seq Perturbation Response Modeling and Evaluation
173. ICML 2026Neural Low-Discrepancy Sequences
174. ICML 2026Neural Minimum Weight Perfect Matching for Quantum Error Codes
175. ICML 2026Neural-HSS: Hierarchical Semi-Separable Neural PDE Solver
176. ICML 2026NeurIPS: Neuro-anatomical Inductive Priors for Sphere-based Brain Decoding
177. ICML 2026NeuroCLUS: A Foundation Model with Functional Clustering for Intracranial Neural Decoding
178. ICML 2026NeuronCtrl: Geometry-Aware Safe Closed-Loop Generative Control for Neuronal Microenvironment Dynamics
179. ICML 2026Next-Gen CAPTCHAs: Leveraging the Cognitive Gap for Scalable and Diverse GUI-Agent Defense
180. ICML 2026Omni-fMRI: A Universal Atlas-Free fMRI Foundation Model
181. ICML 2026On the Collapse of Generative Paths: A Criterion and Correction for Diffusion Steering
182. ICML 2026On the Infinite Width and Depth Limits of Predictive Coding Networks
183. ICML 2026Optimal Design for Multinomial Logit Model with Applications to Best Assortment Identification
184. ICML 2026OSF: On Pre-training and Scaling of Sleep Foundation Models
185. ICML 2026PATCHCODE: Discrete Latent Predictive Learning for EEG Foundation Model
186. ICML 2026PCRNet: Phase-aware Complex Refinement Network for EEG-based Auditory Attention Decoding
187. ICML 2026PDAgent: An LLM-Driven Autonomous Agent Framework Towards *In Silico* Protein Design via Directed Mutation
188. ICML 2026PFT: Phonon Fine-tuning for Machine Learned Interatomic Potentials
189. ICML 2026Physically-Guided Data-Space Rectified Flow for Precipitation Nowcasting
190. ICML 2026Physics-Informed Residual Flows
191. ICML 2026PinTok: Tokenizers Deserve Dedicated Pinned CPU-Compute and Memory
192. ICML 2026PnP-Corrector: A Universal Correction Framework for Coupled Spatiotemporal Forecasting
193. ICML 2026Positional Encoding for Spiking Transformers
194. ICML 2026Practical Mechanism for Fault-Tolerant Spiking Neural Networks via Simple Input Control Based on Learnable Fragmentation
195. ICML 2026Precision-Induced Miscalibration: Understanding and Correcting Confidence Distortion in Quantized Neural Networks
196. ICML 2026Probabilistic Retrofitting of Learned Simulators
197. ICML 2026Profiling the Irrational Agent: Cognitive Modeling of LLM Behaviors in Sequential Jailbreaks
198. ICML 2026ProMeCD: Unifying Long-Tailed and Noisy Label Learning via White-Box Control
199. ICML 2026Protein Design with Agent Rosetta: A Case Study for Specialized Scientific Agents
200. ICML 2026Protein Language Model Embeddings Improve Generalization of Implicit Transfer Operators

FAQ

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,033 in total: 183 in 2023, 424 in 2024, 673 in 2025, 753 in 2026.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 227 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 342 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 229 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 151 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 263 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 157 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 34 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 23 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers?

NeurIPS, with 824 papers from 2023 to 2026.