Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science went from 183 papers in 2023 to 753 in 2026, roughly 4.1x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science work: 824 papers from 2023 to 2026, 41% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 44 in 2026.
• Among the 10 topics under Application Domains, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Applications · health medicine, is up 61x versus 4.1x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Strongly) Replicable Distribution Testers imply High Probability Distribution Testers
• ICML 2026(Be Cautious!) Bio-Foundation Models Are Not Yet Robust to Biologically Plausible Perturbations and ML Transformations
• ICLR 2026A Biologically Plausible Dense Associative Memory with Exponential Capacity
• CVPR 2026Globscope Toward a Global View of the Loss Landscape
• NeurIPS 2025$\mu$PC: Scaling Predictive Coding to 100+ Layer Networks
• ICML 2025Can Biologically Plausible Temporal Credit Assignment Rules Match BPTT for Neural Similarity? E-prop as an Example
• ICLR 2025A Computational Framework for Modeling Emergence of Color Vision in the Human Brain
• CVPR 2025Blurred LiDAR for Sharper 3D: Robust Handheld 3D Scanning with Diffuse LiDAR and RGB
• NeurIPS 2024$\textit{NeuroPath}$: A Neural Pathway Transformer for Joining the Dots of Human Connectomes
• ICML 2024$\bf{\Phi}_\textrm{Flow}$: Differentiable Simulations for PyTorch, TensorFlow and Jax
• ICLR 2024A Cognitive Model for Learning Abstract Relational Structures from Memory-based Decision-Making Tasks
• CVPR 2024Efficient Detection of Long Consistent Cycles and its Application to Distributed Synchronization
• NeurIPS 2023Adaptive whitening with fast gain modulation and slow synaptic plasticity
• ICML 2023Accuracy on the Curve: On the Nonlinear Correlation of ML Performance Between Data Subpopulations
• ICLR 2023A framework for benchmarking Class-out-of-distribution detection and its application to ImageNet
• CVPR 20233D Line Mapping Revisited
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathrm{Bounded\mbox{-}RS}$: A Bounded Evaluation Protocol and Testbed for Representational Systematicity
• ICML 2026A hitchhiker's guide to Poisson gradient estimation
• ICLR 2026A Brain Graph Foundation Model: Pre-Training and Prompt-Tuning across Broad Atlases and Disorders
• CVPR 2026LASAR Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map

All Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers

227 papers, page 2 of 5

51. NeurIPS 2026Debiasing Random Oblique Projections for Subsampled OLS and Fast CUR in High Dimensions
52. NeurIPS 2026Decomposing Temporal and Job-Induced Dynamics for Probabilistic Computing Workload Forecasting via Graph-Conditioned Dual-Branch Diffusion
53. NeurIPS 2026Decoupling Label Shift and Surrogate Gradient Errors for Robust Federated Spiking Neural Networks
54. NeurIPS 2026Derived Fields Preserve Fine-Scale Detail in Budgeted Neural Simulators
55. NeurIPS 2026Diagnosing and Repairing Visual Collapse in Compact Medical Multimodal LLMs
56. NeurIPS 2026Difference of Convex Programming in the Wasserstein Space with Applications to MMD Optimization
57. NeurIPS 2026Differentiating Network Design Objectives for Balancing Cost and Distance
58. NeurIPS 2026Direct Conditioning of Audio Diffusion Transformers on fMRI Reveals Cortical Contributions to Sound Reconstruction
59. NeurIPS 2026Distributed Online Convex Optimization with Compressed Communication: Optimal Regret and Applications
60. NeurIPS 2026Diversity Maximization: Algorithms for Distant $k$-Subsets
61. NeurIPS 2026Do Semantic Distance Tests Actually Predict Creativity in Large Language Models?
62. NeurIPS 2026Do Speech BCIs Need Larger Models? Rethinking Neural Decoding beyond Scaling
63. NeurIPS 2026DriveStreamBench: Evaluating User-Conditioned Watch-and-Notify in Streaming Driving Video
64. NeurIPS 2026Echo learning enables biologically plausible temporal credit assignment
65. NeurIPS 2026EEG-X: Toward Device-Agnostic and Noise-Robust Foundation Models for EEG
66. NeurIPS 2026Efficient Training of Deep Spiking Neural Networks with Input-Driven Derivative-Free Updates
67. NeurIPS 2026Efficient Transferable Optimal Transport via Min-Sliced Transport Plans
68. NeurIPS 2026ELPAC: Endpoint-Anchored Latent Progression with Stage-Varying Multimodal Coordination
69. NeurIPS 2026Emergent representations of graphical structure in mechanistic neural models of causal judgment
70. NeurIPS 2026EmpathyChat: Structured Cognitive Reasoning in Empathetic Spoken Dialogue
71. NeurIPS 2026Entangled Schrödinger Bridge Matching
72. NeurIPS 2026Escaping the Cognitive Well: Efficient Competition Math with Off-the-Shelf Models
73. NeurIPS 2026Even Sharper Bounds for Transductive Learning and Its Applications
74. NeurIPS 2026Exact Channel Decoupling via Joint Diagonalization and Uniform Splicing for Diffusion Transformer Quantization
75. NeurIPS 2026Exactness Matters for Physical Rule Enforcement
76. NeurIPS 2026Explaining and Breaking the Safety-Helpfulness Ceiling via Preference Dimensional Expansion
77. NeurIPS 2026Extraneous Cognitive Load in Large Language Models
78. NeurIPS 2026Fine-Tuning Language Models to Know What They Know
79. NeurIPS 2026FinReasoning: A Hierarchical Benchmark for Reliable Financial Research Reporting
80. NeurIPS 2026FlatClip: Reusing Image Foundation Models for fMRI Representation Learning via Cortical Flatmaps
81. NeurIPS 2026Fluxtrapolation: A benchmark on extrapolating ecosystem fluxes
82. NeurIPS 2026FracEncoder: Towards Adaptive Cognitive Trajectories via Fractional-Order Context Encoding
83. NeurIPS 2026From Persistence to Survival: Hypothesis Testing, Effect Sizes and Vectorisation for Topological Features
84. NeurIPS 2026From Representation to Intervention: Using Emotion Vectors to Monitor and Guide Language Models
85. NeurIPS 2026GoT: A Game-Theoretic Approach to the Game of Twenty Questions
86. NeurIPS 2026GramStatTexNet: Efficient, Interpretable, and Neuro-Inspired Texture Analysis-by-Synthesis
87. NeurIPS 2026Growing a Neural Network in Breadth, Depth, and Time
88. NeurIPS 2026haphazard: A unified library and benchmark for online learning under varying feature availability
89. NeurIPS 2026HAPS: Hierarchical LLM Routing with Joint Architecture and Parameter Search
90. NeurIPS 2026HOPSE: Scalable Higher-Order Positional and Structural Encoder for Combinatorial Representations
91. NeurIPS 2026How Much is Left? LLMs Linearly Encode Their Remaining Output Length
92. NeurIPS 2026Human-Inspired, Task-Dimension-Guided Exploration for Efficient Learning and Transfer in High Dimensions
93. NeurIPS 2026HumanStereo: A Benchmark for Metric Facial Depth Estimation and Its Evaluation
94. NeurIPS 2026Illusory Pattern Perception Drives Spurious Inference in Large Language Models
95. NeurIPS 2026Indications of Belief-Guided Agency and Meta-Cognitive Monitoring in Large Language Models
96. NeurIPS 2026Inverse Modeling of Neural Recordings via Differentiable Biophysical Simulation
97. NeurIPS 2026Joint EM Image Super-Resolution and Segmentation with Semantic and Structural Priors
98. NeurIPS 2026L-FAME: Longitudinal Focused Attention Meditation EEG Dataset and Benchmark
99. NeurIPS 2026Language Models Demand New Computer Science
100. NeurIPS 2026LAPLEX: The FFT of Learnable Laplace Kernels

FAQ

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,033 in total: 183 in 2023, 424 in 2024, 673 in 2025, 753 in 2026.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 227 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 342 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 229 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 151 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 263 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 157 the year before.

How many Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 34 Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers, versus 23 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Applications · neuroscience and cognitive science papers?

NeurIPS, with 824 papers from 2023 to 2026.