AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

150 papers, page 3 of 3

101. NeurIPS 2024Optimus-1: Hybrid Multimodal Memory Empowered Agents Excel in Long-Horizon Tasks
102. NeurIPS 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environments
103. NeurIPS 2024Paths to Equilibrium in Games
104. NeurIPS 2024Policy Learning from Tutorial Books via Understanding, Rehearsing and Introspecting
105. NeurIPS 2024Predicting Future Actions of Reinforcement Learning Agents
106. NeurIPS 2024PrivacyLens: Evaluating Privacy Norm Awareness of Language Models in Action
107. NeurIPS 2024Randomized Exploration in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
108. NeurIPS 2024Reasoning Multi-Agent Behavioral Topology for Interactive Autonomous Driving
109. NeurIPS 2024Reciprocal Reward Influence Encourages Cooperation From Self-Interested Agents
110. NeurIPS 2024Recursive Introspection: Teaching Language Model Agents How to Self-Improve
111. NeurIPS 2024RedCode: Multi-dimensional Safety Benchmark for Code Agents
112. NeurIPS 2024RedCode: Risky Code Execution and Generation Benchmark for Code Agents
113. NeurIPS 2024Reflective Multi-Agent Collaboration based on Large Language Models
114. NeurIPS 2024Reinforcing LLM Agents via Policy Optimization with Action Decomposition
115. NeurIPS 2024RestoreAgent: Autonomous Image Restoration Agent via Multimodal Large Language Models
116. NeurIPS 2024RGMDT: Return-Gap-Minimizing Decision Tree Extraction in Non-Euclidean Metric Space
117. NeurIPS 2024Richelieu: Self-Evolving LLM-Based Agents for AI Diplomacy
118. NeurIPS 2024RL-GPT: Integrating Reinforcement Learning and Code-as-policy
119. NeurIPS 2024RoleAgent: Building, Interacting, and Benchmarking High-quality Role-Playing Agents from Scripts
120. NeurIPS 2024Scalable Constrained Policy Optimization for Safe Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
121. NeurIPS 2024Secret Collusion among AI Agents: Multi-Agent Deception via Steganography
122. NeurIPS 2024Self-Healing Machine Learning: A Framework for Autonomous Adaptation in Real-World Environments
123. NeurIPS 2024SMART: Scalable Multi-agent Real-time Motion Generation via Next-token Prediction
124. NeurIPS 2024SocraticLM: Exploring Socratic Personalized Teaching with Large Language Models
125. NeurIPS 2024Spider2-V: How Far Are Multimodal Agents From Automating Data Science and Engineering Workflows?
126. NeurIPS 2024Star-Agents: Automatic Data Optimization with LLM Agents for Instruction Tuning
127. NeurIPS 2024StreamBench: Towards Benchmarking Continuous Improvement of Language Agents
128. NeurIPS 2024SustainDC: Benchmarking for Sustainable Data Center Control
129. NeurIPS 2024SWE-agent: Agent-Computer Interfaces Enable Automated Software Engineering
130. NeurIPS 2024SWT-Bench: Testing and Validating Real-World Bug-Fixes with Code Agents
131. NeurIPS 2024Synatra: Turning Indirect Knowledge into Direct Demonstrations for Digital Agents at Scale
132. NeurIPS 2024T2Vs Meet VLMs: A Scalable Multimodal Dataset for Visual Harmfulness Recognition
133. NeurIPS 2024TaskBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Task Automation
134. NeurIPS 2024Team-Fictitious Play for Reaching Team-Nash Equilibrium in Multi-team Games
135. NeurIPS 2024The Dormant Neuron Phenomenon in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Value Factorization
136. NeurIPS 2024Transformers as Game Players: Provable In-context Game-playing Capabilities of Pre-trained Models
137. NeurIPS 2024Understanding Model Selection for Learning in Strategic Environments
138. NeurIPS 2024UrbanKGent: A Unified Large Language Model Agent Framework for Urban Knowledge Graph Construction
139. NeurIPS 2024Using Unity to Help Solve Reinforcement Learning
140. NeurIPS 2024Value-Based Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparse Training
141. NeurIPS 2024VideoGUI: A Benchmark for GUI Automation from Instructional Videos
142. NeurIPS 2024VLM Agents Generate Their Own Memories: Distilling Experience into Embodied Programs of Thought
143. NeurIPS 2024Watch Out for Your Agents! Investigating Backdoor Threats to LLM-Based Agents
144. NeurIPS 2024WFCRL: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Wind Farm Control
145. NeurIPS 2024Who’s Gaming the System? A Causally-Motivated Approach for Detecting Strategic Adaptation
146. NeurIPS 2024WhodunitBench: Evaluating Large Multimodal Agents via Murder Mystery Games
147. NeurIPS 2024WorkArena++: Towards Compositional Planning and Reasoning-based Common Knowledge Work Tasks
148. NeurIPS 2024WorldCoder, a Model-Based LLM Agent: Building World Models by Writing Code and Interacting with the Environment
149. NeurIPS 2024YouDream: Generating Anatomically Controllable Consistent Text-to-3D Animals
150. NeurIPS 2024ZSC-Eval: An Evaluation Toolkit and Benchmark for Multi-agent Zero-shot Coordination

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.