AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

178 papers, page 3 of 4

101. ICML 2025Multi-agent Architecture Search via Agentic Supernet
102. ICML 2025MVA: Linear Attention with High-order Query-Keys Integration and Multi-level Vocabulary Decomposition
103. ICML 2025Near Optimal Best Arm Identification for Clustered Bandits
104. ICML 2025Nemotron-CORTEXA: Enhancing LLM Agents for Software Engineering Tasks via Improved Localization and Solution Diversity
105. ICML 2025O-MAPL: Offline Multi-agent Preference Learning
106. ICML 2025Of Mice and Machines: A Comparison of Learning Between Real World Mice and RL Agents
107. ICML 2025Offline Opponent Modeling with Truncated Q-driven Instant Policy Refinement
108. ICML 2025On the Resilience of LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration with Faulty Agents
109. ICML 2025OrcaLoca: An LLM Agent Framework for Software Issue Localization
110. ICML 2025PAC Learning with Improvements
111. ICML 2025PaperBench: Evaluating AI’s Ability to Replicate AI Research
112. ICML 2025PatchPilot: A Cost-Efficient Software Engineering Agent with Early Attempts on Formal Verification
113. ICML 2025PhantomWiki: On-Demand Datasets for Reasoning and Retrieval Evaluation
114. ICML 2025PINNsAgent: Automated PDE Surrogation with Large Language Models
115. ICML 2025Plan-and-Act: Improving Planning of Agents for Long-Horizon Tasks
116. ICML 2025PokéChamp: an Expert-level Minimax Language Agent
117. ICML 2025Policy-Regret Minimization in Markov Games with Function Approximation
118. ICML 2025Position: AI Agents Need Authenticated Delegation
119. ICML 2025Position: Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents
120. ICML 2025Position: LLM Social Simulations Are a Promising Research Method
121. ICML 2025Position: Scaling LLM Agents Requires Asymptotic Analysis with LLM Primitives
122. ICML 2025Position: The Most Expensive Part of an LLM *should* be its Training Data
123. ICML 2025Position: Theory of Mind Benchmarks are Broken for Large Language Models
124. ICML 2025Position: Truly Self-Improving Agents Require Intrinsic Metacognitive Learning
125. ICML 2025Position: Uncertainty Quantification Needs Reassessment for Large Language Model Agents
126. ICML 2025Position: We Need An Algorithmic Understanding of Generative AI
127. ICML 2025Prediction-Aware Learning in Multi-Agent Systems
128. ICML 2025Principal-Agent Bandit Games with Self-Interested and Exploratory Learning Agents
129. ICML 2025Proactive Agents for Multi-Turn Text-to-Image Generation Under Uncertainty
130. ICML 2025Proposer-Agent-Evaluator (PAE): Autonomous Skill Discovery For Foundation Model Internet Agents
131. ICML 2025Provably Efficient Algorithm for Best Scoring Rule Identification in Online Principal-Agent Information Acquisition
132. ICML 2025Prune 'n Predict: Optimizing LLM Decision-making with Conformal Prediction
133. ICML 2025QLASS: Boosting Language Agent Inference via Q-Guided Stepwise Search
134. ICML 2025R3DM: Enabling Role Discovery and Diversity Through Dynamics Models in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
135. ICML 2025RE-Bench: Evaluating Frontier AI R&D Capabilities of Language Model Agents against Human Experts
136. ICML 2025Reflection-Bench: Evaluating Epistemic Agency in Large Language Models
137. ICML 2025Reidentify: Context-Aware Identity Generation for Contextual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
138. ICML 2025Reinforce LLM Reasoning through Multi-Agent Reflection
139. ICML 2025RepoAudit: An Autonomous LLM-Agent for Repository-Level Code Auditing
140. ICML 2025ResearchTown: Simulator of Human Research Community
141. ICML 2025Revisiting Cooperative Off-Policy Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
142. ICML 2025Risk-Sensitive Theory of Mind: Coordinating with Agents of Unknown Bias using Cumulative Prospect Theory
143. ICML 2025RLEF: Grounding Code LLMs in Execution Feedback with Reinforcement Learning
144. ICML 2025Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stochastic Adversary
145. ICML 2025Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers
146. ICML 2025Robust Noise Attenuation via Adaptive Pooling of Transformer Outputs
147. ICML 2025Sable: a Performant, Efficient and Scalable Sequence Model for MARL
148. ICML 2025SafeArena: Evaluating the Safety of Autonomous Web Agents
149. ICML 2025Self-Play $Q$-Learners Can Provably Collude in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma
150. ICML 2025ShieldAgent: Shielding Agents via Verifiable Safety Policy Reasoning

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.