AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

178 papers, page 2 of 4

51. ICML 2025Enhancing Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with State Modelling and Adversarial Exploration
52. ICML 2025Enhancing Diversity In Parallel Agents: A Maximum State Entropy Exploration Story
53. ICML 2025EnIGMA: Interactive Tools Substantially Assist LM Agents in Finding Security Vulnerabilities
54. ICML 2025FACTER: Fairness-Aware Conformal Thresholding and Prompt Engineering for Enabling Fair LLM-Based Recommender Systems
55. ICML 2025Fast Large Language Model Collaborative Decoding via Speculation
56. ICML 2025Finite-Sample Convergence Bounds for Trust Region Policy Optimization in Mean Field Games
57. ICML 2025Finite-Time Global Optimality Convergence in Deep Neural Actor-Critic Methods for Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
58. ICML 2025Fleet of Agents: Coordinated Problem Solving with Large Language Models
59. ICML 2025Flow-of-Options: Diversified and Improved LLM Reasoning by Thinking Through Options
60. ICML 2025From Debate to Equilibrium: Belief‑Driven Multi‑Agent LLM Reasoning via Bayesian Nash Equilibrium
61. ICML 2025From Passive to Active Reasoning: Can Large Language Models Ask the Right Questions under Incomplete Information?
62. ICML 2025G-Designer: Architecting Multi-agent Communication Topologies via Graph Neural Networks
63. ICML 2025General agents need world models
64. ICML 2025GIVE: Structured Reasoning of Large Language Models with Knowledge Graph Inspired Veracity Extrapolation
65. ICML 2025GradPS: Resolving Futile Neurons in Parameter Sharing Network for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
66. ICML 2025Graph Diffusion for Robust Multi-Agent Coordination
67. ICML 2025Graph World Model
68. ICML 2025Gravity-Bench-v1: A Benchmark on Gravitational Physics Discovery for Agents
69. ICML 2025GuardAgent: Safeguard LLM Agents via Knowledge-Enabled Reasoning
70. ICML 2025Guided Search Strategies in Non-Serializable Environments with Applications to Software Engineering Agents
71. ICML 2025Hidden No More: Attacking and Defending Private Third-Party LLM Inference
72. ICML 2025Hybrid Quantum-Classical Multi-Agent Pathfinding
73. ICML 2025HYGMA: Hypergraph Coordination Networks with Dynamic Grouping for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
74. ICML 2025Improving Model Alignment Through Collective Intelligence of Open-Source Models
75. ICML 2025Improving Parallel Program Performance with LLM Optimizers via Agent-System Interfaces
76. ICML 2025Incentivize without Bonus: Provably Efficient Model-based Online Multi-agent RL for Markov Games
77. ICML 2025Investigating Non-Transitivity in LLM-as-a-Judge
78. ICML 2025ITBench: Evaluating AI Agents across Diverse Real-World IT Automation Tasks
79. ICML 2025KABB: Knowledge-Aware Bayesian Bandits for Dynamic Expert Coordination in Multi-Agent Systems
80. ICML 2025KBQA-o1: Agentic Knowledge Base Question Answering with Monte Carlo Tree Search
81. ICML 2025Large Language Model-driven Large Neighborhood Search for Large-Scale MILP Problems
82. ICML 2025LARM: Large Auto-Regressive Model for Long-Horizon Embodied Intelligence
83. ICML 2025Learning Cascade Ranking as One Network
84. ICML 2025Learning Mean Field Control on Sparse Graphs
85. ICML 2025Learning Progress Driven Multi-Agent Curriculum
86. ICML 2025Learning Strategic Language Agents in the Werewolf Game with Iterative Latent Space Policy Optimization
87. ICML 2025Learning to Incentivize in Repeated Principal-Agent Problems with Adversarial Agent Arrivals
88. ICML 2025Learning to Stop: Deep Learning for Mean Field Optimal Stopping
89. ICML 2025Let LLM Tell What to Prune and How Much to Prune
90. ICML 2025Linear Contextual Bandits With Interference
91. ICML 2025LLM-Assisted Semantically Diverse Teammate Generation for Efficient Multi-agent Coordination
92. ICML 2025M³HF: Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning from Multi-phase Human Feedback of Mixed Quality
93. ICML 2025MAGELLAN: Metacognitive predictions of learning progress guide autotelic LLM agents in large goal spaces
94. ICML 2025MAS-GPT: Training LLMs to Build LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
95. ICML 2025MCU: An Evaluation Framework for Open-Ended Game Agents
96. ICML 2025MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray
97. ICML 2025MELON: Provable Defense Against Indirect Prompt Injection Attacks in AI Agents
98. ICML 2025MetaAgent: Automatically Constructing Multi-Agent Systems Based on Finite State Machines
99. ICML 2025Model Swarms: Collaborative Search to Adapt LLM Experts via Swarm Intelligence
100. ICML 2025MONA: Myopic Optimization with Non-myopic Approval Can Mitigate Multi-step Reward Hacking

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.