CVPR 2026 Papers

Intraoperative bleeding in laparoscopic surgery causes rapid obscuration of the operative field to hinder the surgical process and increases the risk of postoperative complications. Intelligent detection of bleeding areas can quantify the blood loss to assist decision-making, while locating bleeding points helps surgeons quickly identify the source of bleeding and achieve hemostasis in time to improve surgical success rates. To fill the benchmark gap, we first construct a real-world laparoscopic surgical bleeding detection dataset, named SurgBlood, comprising 5,330 frames from 95 surgical video clips with bleeding region and point annotations. Accordingly, we develop a dual-task synergistic online detector called BlooDet, enabling simultaneous detection of bleeding regions and points in laparoscopic surgery. The baseline embraces a dual-branch bidirectional guidance design based on Segment Anything Model 2. The mask branch detects bleeding regions through adaptive edge and point prompt embeddings, while the point branch leverages mask memory to induce bleeding point memory modeling and captures point motion direction via inter-frame optical flow. By coupled bidirectional guidance, our framework explores spatial-temporal correlations while exploiting memory modeling to infer current bleeding status. Extensive experiments indicate that our method outperforms 13 counterparts in bleeding detection. Code and data are available at https://github.com/PJLallen/SurgBlood.

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) usually suffer from prohibitive computational and memory costs due to the quadratic growth of visual tokens with image resolution. Existing token compression methods, while varied, often lack a high-level semantic understanding, leading to suboptimal merges, information redundancy, or context loss. To address these limitations, we introduce CORE (Compact Object-centric REpresentations), a new paradigm for visual token compression. CORE leverages an efficient segmentation decoder to generate object masks, which serve as a high-level semantic prior to guide the merging of visual tokens into a compact set of object-centric representations. Furthermore, a novel centroid-guided sorting mechanism restores a coherent spatial order to the merged tokens, preserving vital positional information. Extensive experiments show that CORE not only establishes a new state-of-the-art on six authoritative benchmarks for fixed-rate compression, but also achieves dramatic efficiency gains in adaptive-rate settings. Even under extreme compression, after aggressively retaining with only 2.2% of all visual tokens, CORE still maintains 97.4% of baseline performance. Our work demonstrates the superiority of object-centric representations for efficient and effective LVLM processing. The code is available at https://github.com/jingyulei/CORE.

We present BEV-SLD, a LiDAR global localization method building on the Scene Landmark Detection (SLD) concept. Unlike scene-agnostic pipelines, our self-supervised approach leverages bird's-eye-view (BEV) images to discover scene-specific patterns at a prescribed spatial density and treat them as landmarks. A consistency loss aligns learnable global landmark coordinates with per-frame heatmaps, yielding consistent landmark detections across the scene. Across campus, industrial, and forest environments, BEV-SLD delivers robust localization and achieves strong performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.

The ubiquity of monocular videos capturing daily hand-object interactions presents a valuable resource for embodied intelligence. While 3D hand reconstruction from in-the-wild videos has seen significant progress, reconstructing the involved objects remains challenging due to severe occlusions and the complex, coupled motion of the camera, hands, and object. In this paper, we introduce ForeHOI, a novel feed-forward model that directly reconstructs 3D object geometry from monocular hand-object interaction videos within one minute of inference time, eliminating the need for any pre-processing steps. Our key insight is that, the joint prediction of 2D mask inpainting and 3D shape completion in a feed-forward framework can effectively address the problem of severe occlusion in monocular hand-held object videos, thereby achieving results that outperform the performance of optimization-based methods. The information exchanges between the 2D and 3D shape completion boosts the overall reconstruction quality, enabling the framework to effectively handle severe hand-object occlusion. Furthermore, to support the training of our model, we contribute the first large-scale, high-fidelity synthetic dataset of hand-object interactions with comprehensive annotations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ForeHOI achieves state-of-the-art performance in object reconstruction, significantly outperforming previous methods with around a 100x speedup. Code and data are available at: https://github.com/Tao-11-chen/ForeHOI.

Existing hand-object interactions (HOI) methods are largely limited to rigid objects, while 4D reconstruction methods of articulated objects generally require pre-scanning the object or even multi-view videos. It remains an unexplored but significant challenge to reconstruct 4D human-articulated-object interactions from a single monocular RGB video. Fortunately, recent advancements in foundation models present a new opportunity to address this highly ill-posed problem. To this end, we introduce ArtHOI, an optimization-based framework that integrates and refines priors from multiple foundation models. Our key contribution is a suite of novel methodologies designed to resolve the inherent inaccuracies and physical unreality of these priors. In particular, we introduce an Adaptive Sampling Refinement (ASR) method to optimize object's metric scale and pose for grounding its normalized mesh in world space. Furthermore, we propose a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) guided hand-object alignment method, utilizing contact reasoning information as constraints of hand-object mesh composition optimization. To facilitate a comprehensive evaluation, we also contribute two new datasets, ArtHOI-RGBD and ArtHOI-Wild. Extensive experiments validate the robustness and effectiveness of our ArtHOI across diverse objects and interactions. Project: https://arthoi-reconstruction.github.io.

The introduction of negative labels (NLs) has proven effective in enhancing Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection. However, existing methods often lack an understanding of OOD images, making it difficult to construct an accurate negative space. Furthermore, the absence of negative labels semantically similar to ID labels constrains their capability in near-OOD detection. To address these issues, we propose shaping an Adaptive Negative Textual Space (ANTS) by leveraging the understanding and reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Specifically, we cache images likely to be OOD samples from the historical test images and prompt the MLLM to describe these images, generating expressive negative sentences that precisely characterize the OOD distribution and enhance far-OOD detection. For the near-OOD setting, where OOD samples resemble the in-distribution (ID) subset, we cache the subset of ID classes that are visually similar to historical test images and then leverage MLLM reasoning to generate visually similar negative labels tailored to this subset, effectively reducing false negatives and improving near-OOD detection. To balance these two types of negative textual spaces, we design an adaptive weighted score that enables the method to handle different OOD task settings (near-OOD and far-OOD), making it highly adaptable in open environments. On the ImageNet benchmark, our ANTS significantly reduces the FPR95 by 3.1%, establishing a new state-of-the-art. Furthermore, our method is training-free and zero-shot, enabling high scalability. Codes are available at https://github.com/ZhuWenjie98/ANTS.

Reconstructing 3D human-object interaction (HOI) from monocular images is highly challenging especially when human and object are mutually occluded. Existing methods primarily rely on single-view inputs, which fundamentally limit their ability to recover occluded regions and accurately estimate contact areas. To address these challenges, we for the first time, consider to introduce novel-view feature priors to enhance monocular 3D HOI reconstruction. We first design a cross-view generator that learns to infer novel-view image features from a single-view input, enriching spatial geometry at the feature level without requiring extra inputs during inference. Guided by both real and generated view features, a spatial cross-view feature fusion module adaptively aggregates complementary cues to enhance the initial reconstruction of human and object meshes. Built upon this reconstruction, we sample 3D vertex features from both views and introduce a bidirectional cross-view Transformer to integrate multi-view vertex representations for accurate contact estimation. Finally, the predicted contact maps are leveraged to refine human-object meshes, yielding geometrically consistent and physically plausible reconstructions.Experiments on BEHAVE and InterCap show that our proposed CrossHOI surpasses state-of-the-art methods in both reconstruction accuracy and contact prediction, especially under severe occlusions.

Existing single object trackers typically treat temporal modeling superficially by passing limited inter-frame information, such as propagated tokens or template updates, without intrinsic temporal supervision learning. To address this limitation, we propose TGTrack, a new unified tracking framework that incorporates a temporally generative supervision task to guide the model in learning temporal dynamics. The core of TGTrack is a temporally generative learning paradigm equipped with a transformer-based generative decoder, which consists of a gated fusion module and an autoregressive prediction mechanism. This joint design enables the model to infer future scenarios from preceding information, thereby improving its ability to model both visual appearance and temporal dynamics. Furthermore, we introduce a time token embedding to explicitly encode the temporal position of each frame. Experiments on 11 benchmarks spanning five modalities show that TGTrack achieves state-of-the-art performance in robust unified tracking. For instance, TGTrack-B384 achieves an AUC of 75.3% on LaSOT. Code is available at https://github.com/wtg1/TGTrack.

Monocular 3D Object Detection has achieved impressive performance on densely annotated datasets. However, it struggles when only a fraction of objects are labeled due to the high cost of 3D annotation. This sparsely-annotated setting is common in real-world scenarios where annotating every object is impractical.To address this, we propose a novel framework for sparsely-annotated monocular 3D object detection with two key modules.First, we propose Road-Aware Patch Augmentation (RAPA), which leverages sparse annotations by augmenting segmented object patches onto road regions while preserving 3D geometric consistency. Second, we propose Prototype-Based Filtering (PBF), which generates high-quality pseudo-labels by filtering predictions through prototype similarity and depth uncertainty. PBF maintains global 2D RoI feature prototypes and selects pseudo-labels that are both feature-consistent with learned prototypes and have reliable depth estimates.Our training strategy combines geometry-preserving augmentation with prototype-guided pseudo-labeling to achieve robust detection under sparse supervision.Extensive results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The source code will be publicly available.

The rapid growth of AI-generated imagery has blurred the boundary between real and synthetic content, raising practical concerns for digital integrity. Vision-language models (VLMs) can provide natural language explanations, but standard one-pass classifiers often miss subtle artifacts in high-quality synthetic images and offer limited grounding in the pixels. We propose Locate-Then-Examine (LTE), a two-stage VLM-based forensic framework that first localizes suspicious regions and then re-examines these crops together with the full image to refine the real vs. AI-generated verdict and its explanation. LTE explicitly links each decision to localized visual evidence through region proposals and region-aware reasoning. To support training and evaluation, we introduce TRACE, a dataset of 20,000 real and high-quality synthetic images with region-level annotations and automatically generated forensic explanations, constructed by a VLM-based pipeline with additional consistency checks and quality control. Across TRACE and multiple external benchmarks, LTE achieves competitive accuracy and improved robustness while providing human-understandable, region-grounded explanations suitable for forensic deployment.

Despite progress in multimodal sarcasm detection, existing datasets and methods predominantly focus on single-image scenarios, overlooking potential semantic and affective relations across multiple images. This leaves a gap in modeling cases where sarcasm is triggered by multi-image cues in real-world settings. To bridge this gap, we introduce MMSD3.0, a new benchmark composed entirely of multi-image samples curated from tweets and Amazon reviews. We further propose a Cross-Image Reasoning Model (CIRM), integrating a Dual-Stage Bridge Module and Relevance-Guided Fusion Module to model inter-image dependencies and cross-modal correspondences. Complementarily, we establish a comprehensive suite of strong and representative baselines and conduct extensive experiments, showing that MMSD3.0 is an effective and reliable benchmark that better reflects real-world conditions. Moreover, CIRM demonstrates state-of-the-art performance across MMSD, MMSD2.0, and MMSD3.0, validating its effectiveness in both single-image and multi-image scenarios. Dataset and code are publicly available at https://github.com/ZHCMOONWIND/MMSD3.0.

Fine-grained remote sensing datasets often use hierarchical label structures to differentiate objects in a coarse-to-fine manner, with each object annotated across multiple levels. However, embedding this semantic hierarchy into the representation learning space to improve fine-grained detection performance remains challenging. Previous studies have applied supervised contrastive learning at different hierarchical levels to group objects under the same parent class while distinguishing sibling subcategories. Nevertheless, they overlook two critical issues: (1) imbalanced data distribution across the label hierarchy causes high-frequency classes to dominate the learning process, and (2) learning semantic relationships among categories interferes with class-agnostic localization. To address these issues, we propose a balanced hierarchical contrastive loss combined with a decoupled learning strategy within the detection transformer (DETR) framework. The proposed loss introduces learnable class prototypes and equilibrates gradients contributed by different classes at each hierarchical level, ensuring that each hierarchical class contributes equally to the loss computation in every mini-batch. The decoupled strategy separates DETR's object queries into classification and localization sets, enabling task-specific feature extraction and optimization. Experiments on three fine-grained datasets with hierarchical annotations demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.

Existing monocular 3D detectors typically tame the pronounced nonlinear regression of 3D bounding box through decoupled prediction paradigm, which employs multiple branches to estimate geometric center, depth, dimensions, and rotation angle separately.Although this decoupling strategy simplifies the learning process, it inherently ignores the geometric collaborative constraints between different attributes, resulting in the lack of geometric consistency prior, thereby leading to suboptimal performance. To address this issue, we propose novel Spatial-Projection Alignment (SPAN) with two pivotal components: (i). Spatial Point Alignment enforces an explicit global spatial constraint between the predicted and ground-truth 3D bounding boxes, thereby rectifying spatial drift caused by decoupled attribute regression. (ii). 3D-2D Projection Alignment ensures that the projected 3D box is aligned tightly within its corresponding 2D detection bounding box on the image plane, mitigating projection misalignment overlooked in previous works. To ensure training stability, we further introduce a Hierarchical Task Learning strategy that progressively incorporates spatial-projection alignment as 3D attribute predictions refine, preventing early stage error propagation across attributes. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can be easily integrated into any established monocular 3D detector and delivers significant performance improvements.

Zero-shot object counting (ZSOC) aims to enumerate objects of arbitrary categories specified by text descriptions without requiring visual exemplars. However, existing methods often treat counting as a coarse retrieval task, suffering from a lack of fine-grained quantity awareness. Furthermore, they frequently exhibit spatial insensitivity and degraded generalization due to feature space distortion during model adaptation. To address these challenges, we present QICA, a novel framework that synergizes quantity perception with robust spatial cast aggregation. Specifically, we introduce a Synergistic Prompting Strategy (SPS) that adapts vision and language encoders through numerically conditioned prompts, bridging the gap between semantic recognition and quantitative reasoning. To mitigate feature distortion, we propose a Cost Aggregation Decoder (CAD) that operates directly on vision-text similarity maps. By refining these maps through spatial aggregation, CAD prevents overfitting while preserving zero-shot transferability. Additionally, a multi-level quantity alignment loss (\mathcal L _ MQA ) is employed to enforce numerical consistency across the entire pipeline. Extensive experiments on FSC-147 demonstrate competitive performance, while zero-shot evaluation on CARPK and ShanghaiTech-A validates superior generalization to unseen domains.

With the growing accessibility of large-scale 3D point clouds from LiDAR and photogrammetric techniques, 3D change detection (3DCD) has become essential for understanding dynamic scenes. Existing methods typically formulate this as segmentation, treating each point independently for binary classification. This leads to isolated misclassified noise points inside regions. Meanwhile, feature similarity at boundaries causes boundary ambiguity. The more severe class imbalance inherent to change detection further exacerbates this issue. To address these challenges, we propose SRGCD, a Stability-Driven Region Growth Framework that redefines 3DCD as region growing rather than segmentation. Our key insight is that progressively expanding from highly confident seeds avoids pitfalls of point-wise classification while elegantly alleviating class imbalance. Specifically, we first apply strict constraints through Mutual Geometric Consistency Prior to identify minimal highly reliable unchanged seeds. From these seeds, Stability-Guided Controlled Attention modules progressively propagate stability from stable regions to neighboring uncertain points, enabling unchanged regions to grow layer-by-layer from interior cores toward boundaries. This coarse-to-fine growing process naturally forms coherent regions, avoiding isolated noise while achieving compact, well-defined boundaries through progressive expansion. Extensive experiments on the synthetic dataset Urb3DCD and the real-world dataset HKCD demonstrate that SRGCD achieves state-of-the-art performance, significantly improving interior completeness and boundary compactness over existing methods.

Medical image anomaly detection faces unique challenges due to subtle, heterogeneous anomalies embedded in complex anatomical structures. Through systematic Grad-CAM analysis, we reveal that discriminative activation maps fail on medical data, unlike their success on industrial datasets, motivating the need for manifold-level modeling. We propose PDD (Manifold-Prior Diverse Distillation), a novel framework that unifies dual-teacher priors into a shared high-dimensional manifold and distills this knowledge into dual students with complementary behaviors. Specifically, frozen VMamba-Tiny and wide-ResNet50 encoders provide global contextual and local structural priors, respectively. Their features are unified through a Manifold Matching and Unification (MMU) module, while an Inter-Level Feature Adaption (InA) module enriches intermediate representations. The unified manifold is distilled into two students: one performs layer-wise distillation via InA for local consistency, while the other receives skip-projected representations through a Manifold Prior Affine (MPA) module to capture cross-layer dependencies. A diversity loss prevents representation collapse while maintaining detection sensitivity. Extensive experiments on multiple medical datasets demonstrate that PDD significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving improvements of up to 11.8%, 2.9%, and 8.5% in terms of AUROC on HeadCT, BrainMRI, and ZhangLab datasets, respectively, and 3.4% in terms of F1 max on the Uni-Medical dataset, establishing new state-of-the-art performance in medical image anomaly detection. The implementation will be released at https://github.com/OxygenLu/PDD.

The misuse of AI-driven video generation technologies has raised serious social concerns, highlighting the urgent need for reliable AI-generated video detectors. However, most existing methods are limited to binary classification and lack the necessary explanations for human interpretation. In this paper, we present Skyra, a specialized multimodal large language model (MLLM) that identifies human-perceivable visual artifacts in AI-generated videos and leverages them as grounded evidence for both detection and explanation. To support this objective, we construct ViF-CoT-4K for Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), which represents the first large-scale AI-generated video artifact dataset with fine-grained human annotations.We then develop a two-stage training strategy that systematically enhances our model's spatio-temporal artifact perception, explanation capability, and detection accuracy. To comprehensively evaluate Skyra, we introduce ViF-Bench, a benchmark comprising 3K high-quality samples generated by over ten state-of-the-art video generators. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Skyra surpasses existing methods across multiple benchmarks, while our evaluation yields valuable insights for advancing explainable AI-generated video detection. Our code, models, and datasets will be made publicly available.

Understanding 3D human-object interaction (HOI) involves two highly-related abilities: reconstruction, which perceives observed geometry, and generation, which imagines plausible future interactions. However, most existing methods treat these abilities as separate tasks, limiting their capacity to capture the unified nature of human spatial reasoning. To address this, we propose a unified framework that bridges reconstruction and generation through a shared semantic-geometric reasoning space. Specifically, a 3D Contact Reasoning mechanism enables direct reasoning in 3D space, jointly modeling geometric structure and semantic relationships, while a Reasoning Trace Refinement module iteratively refines contact predictions by integrating geometric and semantic cues. The framework builds a unified latent representation via explicit reasoning on human-object contact regions. To further enhance realism and physical plausibility when generating the outputs of reconstruction and generation, we modify and adapt the Gravity-Field Based Diffusion Bridge to refine fine-grained contact geometry and ensure smooth, physically consistent human-object engagement. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our unified framework significantly improves both reconstruction accuracy and generative interaction quality, establishing a cohesive and interpretable paradigm for 3D HOI understanding. The code will be released at https://github.com/xumiao66/ReGenHOI.

In this paper, we explore video anomaly detection (VAD) from a fine-grained perspective, which aims not only to detect anomalous events but also to identify their specific categories. Due to the limited number of examples per category, existing methods either fail to handle intra-class variation across diverse contexts or struggle with inter-class confusion caused by shared visual primitives. To address these challenges, we propose a progressive cross-granularity learning paradigm that leverages coarse- and fine-grained labels in a complementary manner to progressively refine representations from generic anomaly patterns to category-specific semantics. Building on this paradigm, we develop Fine-VAD, a progressive alignment framework that aligns video features with supervision signals at multiple granularities. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets demonstrate that Fine-VAD achieves up to 47.7% relative improvement in fine-grained anomaly classification. Notably, our paradigm generalizes well across diverse model architectures, offering an adaptable and effective solution for real-world fine-grained VAD.