Sim-to-Real papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Sim-to-Real went from 159 papers in 2023 to 204 in 2026, roughly 1.3x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Sim-to-Real work: 223 papers from 2023 to 2026, 35% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 27 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Robotics and Embodied AI, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Humanoid Control, is up 3.8x versus 1.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AET-Bench: Pixel-Accurate Atomic Tomography Is Not Atom-Accurate
• ICML 2026RTInfer: Real-Time Inference of Multiple DNNs on Edge GPUs
• ICLR 2026Manipulation as in Simulation: Enabling Accurate Geometry Perception in Robots
• CVPR 2026AnthroTAP Learning Point Tracking with Real-World Motion
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025HyperIV: Real-time Implied Volatility Smoothing
• ICLR 2025Do Contemporary Causal Inference Models Capture Real-World Heterogeneity? Findings from a Large-Scale Benchmark
• CVPR 2025Analyzing the Synthetic-to-Real Domain Gap in 3D Hand Pose Estimation
• NeurIPS 2024EgoSim: An Egocentric Multi-view Simulator and Real Dataset for Body-worn Cameras during Motion and Activity
• ICML 2024A Global Geometric Analysis of Maximal Coding Rate Reduction
• ICLR 2024Extending Power of Nature from Binary to Real-Valued Graph Learning in Real World
• CVPR 2024Density-guided Translator Boosts Synthetic-to-Real Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Segmentation of 3D Point Clouds
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Pure Noise to the Rescue of Insufficient Data
• ICML 2023Adversarially Robust PAC Learnability of Real-Valued Functions
• ICLR 2023Provable Sim-to-real Transfer in Continuous Domain with Partial Observations
• CVPR 2023Cloud-Device Collaborative Adaptation to Continual Changing Environments in the Real-World
• NeurIPS 2026Coarse-to-Real: Generative Rendering for Populated Dynamic Scenes
• ICML 2026Server-Proximal Aggregation for Federated Domain-Incremental Learning under Partial Participation: Task-Uniform Convergence and Backward Transfer
• ICLR 2026PatchRefiner V2: Fast and Lightweight Real-Domain High-Resolution Metric Depth Estimation
• CVPR 2026BiProLoRA Bilevel Prompt LoRA for Real Scene Recovery

All Sim-to-Real papers

159 papers, page 3 of 4

101. ICML 2023Synthetic Data, Real Errors: How (Not) to Publish and Use Synthetic Data
102. ICML 2023Vector-Valued Control Variates
103. NeurIPS 2023[Re] Pure Noise to the Rescue of Insufficient Data
104. NeurIPS 2023A Metadata-Driven Approach to Understand Graph Neural Networks
105. NeurIPS 2023A One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Improving Randomness in Paper Assignment
106. NeurIPS 2023A Privacy-Friendly Approach to Data Valuation
107. NeurIPS 2023A Randomized Approach to Tight Privacy Accounting
108. NeurIPS 2023A Unified Approach to Domain Incremental Learning with Memory: Theory and Algorithm
109. NeurIPS 2023An Alternative to Variance: Gini Deviation for Risk-averse Policy Gradient
110. NeurIPS 2023Attentive Transfer Entropy to Exploit Transient Emergence of Coupling Effect
111. NeurIPS 2023Bringing regularized optimal transport to lightspeed: a splitting method adapted for GPUs
112. NeurIPS 2023Causal Context Connects Counterfactual Fairness to Robust Prediction and Group Fairness
113. NeurIPS 2023Chanakya: Learning Runtime Decisions for Adaptive Real-Time Perception
114. NeurIPS 2023CODA: Generalizing to Open and Unseen Domains with Compaction and Disambiguation
115. NeurIPS 2023Complex-valued Neurons Can Learn More but Slower than Real-valued Neurons via Gradient Descent
116. NeurIPS 2023DeWave: Discrete Encoding of EEG Waves for EEG to Text Translation
117. NeurIPS 2023Differentiable Registration of Images and LiDAR Point Clouds with VoxelPoint-to-Pixel Matching
118. NeurIPS 2023Does progress on ImageNet transfer to real-world datasets?
119. NeurIPS 2023EgoEnv: Human-centric environment representations from egocentric video
120. NeurIPS 2023Eliminating Domain Bias for Federated Learning in Representation Space
121. NeurIPS 2023Equivariant Spatio-Temporal Attentive Graph Networks to Simulate Physical Dynamics
122. NeurIPS 2023Exploiting hidden structures in non-convex games for convergence to Nash equilibrium
123. NeurIPS 2023First Order Methods with Markovian Noise: from Acceleration to Variational Inequalities
124. NeurIPS 2023Frequency-domain MLPs are More Effective Learners in Time Series Forecasting
125. NeurIPS 2023High Precision Causal Model Evaluation with Conditional Randomization
126. NeurIPS 2023How to Data in Datathons
127. NeurIPS 2023Laplacian Canonization: A Minimalist Approach to Sign and Basis Invariant Spectral Embedding
128. NeurIPS 2023Learning to Augment Distributions for Out-of-distribution Detection
129. NeurIPS 2023Leveraging Locality and Robustness to Achieve Massively Scalable Gaussian Process Regression
130. NeurIPS 2023Live Graph Lab: Towards Open, Dynamic and Real Transaction Graphs with NFT
131. NeurIPS 2023Minimax-Optimal Location Estimation
132. NeurIPS 2023MixFormerV2: Efficient Fully Transformer Tracking
133. NeurIPS 2023MomentDiff: Generative Video Moment Retrieval from Random to Real
134. NeurIPS 2023On student-teacher deviations in distillation: does it pay to disobey?
135. NeurIPS 2023On the Convergence to a Global Solution of Shuffling-Type Gradient Algorithms
136. NeurIPS 2023OpenIllumination: A Multi-Illumination Dataset for Inverse Rendering Evaluation on Real Objects
137. NeurIPS 2023Optimal approximation using complex-valued neural networks
138. NeurIPS 2023Optimization or Architecture: How to Hack Kalman Filtering
139. NeurIPS 2023PackQViT: Faster Sub-8-bit Vision Transformers via Full and Packed Quantization on the Mobile
140. NeurIPS 2023Real-Time Motion Prediction via Heterogeneous Polyline Transformer with Relative Pose Encoding
141. NeurIPS 2023Real-World Image Super-Resolution as Multi-Task Learning
142. NeurIPS 2023RL-based Stateful Neural Adaptive Sampling and Denoising for Real-Time Path Tracing
143. NeurIPS 2023Robust Lipschitz Bandits to Adversarial Corruptions
144. NeurIPS 2023Saddle-to-Saddle Dynamics in Diagonal Linear Networks
145. NeurIPS 2023Sharpness Minimization Algorithms Do Not Only Minimize Sharpness To Achieve Better Generalization
146. NeurIPS 2023Spuriosity Didn’t Kill the Classifier: Using Invariant Predictions to Harness Spurious Features
147. NeurIPS 2023Structured Neural-PI Control with End-to-End Stability and Output Tracking Guarantees
148. NeurIPS 2023Subspace Identification for Multi-Source Domain Adaptation
149. NeurIPS 2023Synthetic-to-Real Pose Estimation with Geometric Reconstruction
150. NeurIPS 2023The s-value: evaluating stability with respect to distributional shifts

FAQ

How many Sim-to-Real papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

629 in total: 159 in 2023, 148 in 2024, 118 in 2025, 204 in 2026.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 33 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 16 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 18 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 63 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 51 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Sim-to-Real papers?

CVPR, with 223 papers from 2023 to 2026.